英语句子结构分析1句子成分
英语句子成分和英语 句子结构讲解及练习
简单句的五个基本句型 主语 + 不及物动词
She came.. 主语 + 及物动词 +宾语
She likes English. 主语 + 系动词 +主语补语 She is happy. 主语 + 动词 +间接宾语 +直接宾语 She gave John a book.
么)”。主要由动词担任。 如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天
打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答
是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或 形容词担任。 如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是 “什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。
如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)
有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。 指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一 般放在直接宾语的前面。
如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)
有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在 直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写容 词、代词、数词等担任。如:
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是 个大城市)
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
She bought a book for me. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry.
The teacher asked me to read the passage. ( There +be There lies a book on the desk.
时态一样,否定式不同.动词加助动词,系动词不 用. 表语可以是形容词,宾语不行. 只有宾语有 补足语
2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种: 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足
语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或
者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什
谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行 为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的 后面。
We study English. He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer
主谓宾 名/代--动词--名/代
we-- saw --you. we-- did --the work. 主系表 名/代-系动词-形容次/名词/代词
you are beautiful you seems worried. you are a stufent. 相同点都三部分,主语也一样. 不同动词和系动词,
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
3. 表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分, 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副 词,通常由副词担任。
如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么, 通常由形容词或动词充当。
如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) /
He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常 帮我做功课) /
comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)
8☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步 说明它的情况。
如:Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的 同学汤姆在哪里?)
1. 主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east (名词) He likes dancing. (代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe.(不定式) What he needs is a book.(主语从句)