分类号密级江南大学硕士学位论文年产9万吨液态奶的生产车间设计英文并列题目:Design of dairy plant with annual output 90,000 tons 研究生:周坤专业:食品工程研究方向:乳制品加工技术夏文水教授学位授予日期:答辩委员会主席:陈正行教授地址:无锡市青山湾200五年九月独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。

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签名:钟导师签名:日期:“‘年，月‘夕日目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT (II)第一章绪论 (1)1. 1企业概况 (1)1. 2立项依据和意义 (1)1. 2. 1立项依据 (1)1.2.2项目投资必要性和经济意义 (1)1.2.3可行性分析 (2)1. 3市场需求预测 (2)1. 3. 1国内外需求情况 (2)1.3.2国内乳品加工情况 (5)1.3.3市场需求 (9)1.3.4竞争情况............................................ .. (10)第二章工艺流程确定及论证 (11)2. 1产品和产量确定 (11)2. 2工艺流程确定 (11)2. 2. 1纯牛乳工艺流程 (11)2. 2. 2乳酸菌饮料工艺流程 (11)2. 3工艺论证和说明 (12)2. 3. 1原料乳的要求及检验.................... . (12)2. 3. 2原料乳的净化 (13)2. 3. 3原料乳的冷却 (13)2. 3. 4原料乳的贮存 (13)2. 3. 5原料乳的标准化 (14)2. 3. 6预热杀菌 (14)2. 3. 7均质 (14)2. 3. 8杀菌..... (14)2. 3. 9发酵剂的扩培生产 (15)2. 3. 10接种发酵 (16)2. 3. 11乳酸菌饮料辅料的配制.............. . (16)2. 3. 12乳酸菌饮料调配 (16)2. 3. 13乳酸菌饮料杀菌、灌装 (16)2. 3. 14纯牛乳灌装、入库 (16)2. 4小结 (16)第三章车间平面设计 (17)江南大学硕士学位论文3. 1选址 (17)3. 2总平面设计方案 (17)3. 3车间生产过程设计 (17)3. 4车间平面布置的基本原则 (18)3. 5车间平面设计说明 (18)3. 6小结 (18)第四章物料衡算 (19)4. 1原料乳及成品乳的成分要求 (19)4.1.1原料乳成分要求及评级 (19)4. 1. 2成品乳成分要求 (19)4. 2原料乳酸菌饮料成分要求 (19)4. 2. 1从原乳中直接标准化配成标准化乳 (19)4.2.2在原乳中添加乳脂肪配成标准乳 (21)4. 3车间物料平衡计算.......................... . (21)4. 3. 1利乐枕生产线 (22)4.3.2百利包生产线 (22)4.3.3家庭乳生产线 (22)4. 4小结 (23)第五章热量衡算 (24)5. 1热交换设备传热过程 (24)5. 2热量衡算过程说明 (25)5. 2. 1热量衡算 (25)5. 2. 2总传热速率方程 (26)5. 2. 3平均温度差................... . (26)5. 3热交换设备类型确定 (27)5. 4原料乳冷却阶段热量计算 (28)5. 5预热、均质、超高温灭菌阶段热量计算 (28)5. 6小结 (29)第六章主要设备选型 (30)6. 1选择设备的原则 (30)6. 2设备选型......... .. (30)6. 3辅助部门设计 (31)6. 3. 1冷库 (31)6. 3. 2原辅材料库.................. . (32)6. 3. 3化验室 (32)6. 3. 4研发室 (32)6. 4结论....................................... (33)目录第七章车间水、电、汽估算及管路选径 (34)7. 1水、电、汽估算 (34)7.1.1水估算 (34)7. 1. 2电估算............... (34)7. 1. 3用汽量估算 (34)7. 2管路的选径 (35)7. 2. 1自来水管直径的计算...................... .. (35)7. 2. 2冰水管直径的计算 (35)7. 2. 3蒸汽管直径的计算 (35)7. 2. 4清洗管路直径的计算 (35)7. 3管路安装 (36)7. 4小结 (36)第八章组织管理、劳动定员与人员培训 (37)8. 1组织管理................. (37)8. 2劳动定员 (37)8. 3人员培训 (39)8. 3. 1人员素质...................... (39)8. 3. 2人员培训 (39)8. 4小结 (39)第九章环境影响分析及废水处理 (40)9. 1环境影响 (40)9.1.1环境保护规划的意义及依据 (40)9. 1. 2主要措施 (40)9. 2污水处理 (42)9. 2. 1厌氧发酵技术 (42)9. 2. 2好氧生物处理技术 (44)9. 2. 3本项目所采用的污水处理方法 (45)9. 3小结 (46)第十章技术经济分析 (47)10. 1投资指标...................................... .. (47)10. 1. 1用于建筑工程的各项费用 (47)10. 1. 2用于购置各种设备、工具和器具的费用 (47)10. 1. 3其他费用 (47)10. 2年经营费用的计算........ (47)10. 2. 1折旧费和大修费 (47)10. 2. 2原材料、燃料消耗费用 (47)10. 3利润、利润率、投资回收期计算.............................. .. (48)江南大学硕士学位论文10. 3. 1利润 (48)10. 3. 2利润率 (48)10. 3. 3投资回收期 (48)10. 4盈亏平衡点..... .. (48)10. 4. 1生产盈亏平衡点 (48)10. 4. 2产量盈亏平衡点 (48)10. 5经营安全率分析.......................... . (48)上0. 6小结 (48)结论 (50)致谢........................................ . (51)参考文献 (52)附件说明 (54)摘要本论文进行了年产量9万吨济南维维乳业公司车间的设计。

制定产品方案，设计工艺，进行车间平面设计，对乳制品加工过程中物料平衡、热量平衡进行计算，设备选型，水电汽平衡，劳动力平衡，设定企业管理组织架构，实施环境保护规划并进行污水处理，对投资成本、利润、盈亏平衡点等进行估算。

济南维维乳业公司在产品选择上，重点确定中性液态乳和各种类型乳酸菌饮料为主;根据纯牛奶和乳酸菌饮料的特点和货架期要求，分别采用UHT和高温短时杀菌工艺。

本工厂选址于济南东部遥墙工业区，环境优美，交通便捷;厂区总体设计合理，尤其在车间设计中，将主生产车间置于厂房中部，各辅助设施分布于主车间四周，使整厂设计紧凑，同时最大限度降低管道、物料输送距离，节约能源。

根据原料乳组成特点和不同产品特点进行物料衡算，并考虑到不同包装形式之间的差异;分别选择板式和管式热交换器作为热交换设备，对原料乳冷却阶段和乳制品预热、均质、超高温灭菌等加工阶段进行热量衡算，其热回收百分率达56. 41 % o 综合考虑了生产工艺和经济技术等因素，对不同工段的生产设备进行选型;设计冷库、原辅材料库、化验室和研发室等辅助设施，对乳制品生产进行全程监控，确保乳制品安全性和质量稳定性。

依据本厂的生产实际需要，对水、电、汽的使用量进行估算，确定它们最大用量依次为49t/h, 400kW, 2383kg/h;对不同管路直径进行计算，确定自来水、冰水、蒸汽、清洗管径依次为DN100, DN76, DN125, DN80o采用“公司+基地+农户”的经营管理模式对工厂生产进行组织和管理;合理劳动定员，实行三班制连续生产。

济南维维乳业公司从企业可持续发展战略出发，注重保护环境，采用厌氧消化法进行污水处理。

生产总投资为7928万元，年利润可达2710. 35万元，产量盈亏平衡点为11620吨，为设计能力的11. 67%，经营安全率高达55. 11%，投资回收期3年左右。

关键词:乳制品工厂设计生产工艺济南维维乳业公司江南大学硕士学位论文AbstractA plant of Jinan Wei Wei Dairy Company with annual output of 90,000 tons was designed. The design includes product project making, technique design, shop-floor diagram, material and calories balance in the process of dairy, device selection, water-electricity-steam balance, labor balance, organizational control chart, environmental protection programming and dirty water processing, investment cost, profits, wax and wane balance point evaluation.In the product selection, Jinan Wei Wei Dairy Company considered the neutral milk and various type lactobacillus beverages as their major product. According to the characteristics and shelf of the pure milk and the lactobacillus beverage, UHT and the high temperature with short time sterilization was applied respectively.This factory address was chosen in the Jinan south Yaoqiang industry area with beautiful environment and convenience transportation. The whole design of the plant was rational, especially in the shop design, the main part was in the workshop central while other assistance establishments around the main workshop, then the whole factory design was packed tightly, at the same time it infinitely reduced the distance of the piping and material transportation, economized obviously energy sources.On the basis of the characteristics of the raw milk and different product, the material calculation was carried out with the difference of dissimilar packing was considered. The plank and tube type heat exchanger was choosed respectively as the heat exchanger equipments. The calories calculation was carried out in the different phase of cooling off, preparing heat, homogenizing and UHT sterilizing the raw milk, and its heat recycle percentage amounts to 56.41%.The production equipments were selected in the different phase as the economy and technique and the production craft was took into account roundly. In order to control the whole product process and make sure the dairy safety and quantity stabilities, the assistance facilities of refrigeratory base, material base, assay room and research and development room was designed.According to the production demand of the plant, the usage amount of the water, electricity, vapor was estimated, their biggest dosage was 49 t/h, 400 kW, 2383kg/h respective. The diameterof the different pipeline was calculated, the running water, ice water, steam and cleaning pipeline was DN100, DN76, DN125, DN80, respective.A new management mode of "company+base+peasant household" was adopted to carry out the factory organization and managements. The labor plan was very reasonable, and the three classes system was applied to continue the production.Jinan Wei Wei Dairy Company can keep on the developing strategy to protect the environment, the anaerobic assimilation method was used to deal with the dirty water.In this design, the total investment was 79,280,000 RMB, the year profits amount to27,103,500 RMB, the wax and wane balance point was 11620 tons which was only 11.67% ofthe design ,the conducting safety percentage was up to 55.11%, and the investment recycleperiod was expected about 3 years.Keywords:dairy, plant design, production craft Jinan Wei Wei Dairy Company第一章绪论1 .1企业概况济南维维乳业是徐州维维食品饮料股份有限公司在沪成功上市后向乳业进军的又一重要标志，是济南市历城区招商引资项目，预计将投资1. 5亿元建成集科研、生产、销售一条龙的奶牛养殖加工企业。