语法复习专题非谓语动词概念：在句中不充当谓语角色的动词形式，它的划分有两种标准（一）：不定式；分词（过去分词与现在分词）；动名词（二）：不定式；v-ing.形式；过去分词.一、考点聚焦1、非谓语动词的句法功能2、动词不定式复习中应注意的几个问题（1）不定式作表语与“be + to do sth.”的异同。

不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质。

His job is to guard.(说明内容)The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,＿＿＿＿＿it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not makeHaving a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________whether they will enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seenbe + to do sth.(表示按计划要做的事，或必将发生的，或表示命令等口吻)翻译: 这项计划得提前三天完成.（2）带不定式作宾语的词语，构成v.+ to do 形式。

下列词语常不定式作宾语：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire 等。

We agreed here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.A. having metB. meetingC. to meet D .to have metI don’t know whether you happen , but I’m going to study in the this September . (2004高考辽宁卷)A．to be heard B．to be hearing C．to hear D．to have heard下列动词后可接疑问词+不定式，构成decide what to do ..,wonder how to deal with sth.等形式：teach、decide、wonder、show、learn、forget、ask、find、out、advise、discuss等。

示例:1). I've worked with children before , so I know what ________in my new job.A．expect ed B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects2). It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows________.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. what to do with itD. to do what with it3). The mother didn' t know ___to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.A. whoB. whenC. howD. what（3）如何理解和使用不定式作宾补。

①动词see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel、taste、smell、make、let、have等的宾补用动词原形，变被动时要加to,此时的不定式就是主语补足语。

Paul doesn't have to be made.He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning②常用带to不定式作宾补的情况：主语+ ask / require / tell / order / force / get / want / like/advise/allow/cause/consider/ encourage/forbid/force/intend/order/permit/persuade/remind/request/require/urge/warn/ask/wish+sb. to do. sth.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not toThe patient was warned oily food after the operation.A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eatingMy advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills.A. for me takingB. me takingC. for me to takeD. me to take③主语+ think / judge / suppose / believe / consider /imagine/consider + sb. + to be/to be doing/ to have done注意：不定式的一般式、进行式以及完成式做宾语补足语的区别，同时要注意不定式被动语态的使用。

Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the first computer.A. to have inventedB. inventingC. to inventD. having inventedRobert is said ________abroad. but I don't know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to study C．to be studying D．to have been studying④主语+ call on / upon / depend on / wait for / ask for + sb.+ to do sth.（4）不定式作定语的特殊用法。

①下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance、wish、right、courage、need、promise、time、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等。

I have ______________________(一个出国留学的机会)。

He is _________________(第一个上学的)and __________________(最后一个离校的)②不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。

There is no one to look after her.③不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。

She is now looking for a room to live in.（5）不定式作状语的用法。

不定式作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示目的、结果、原因。

only to do．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．表示出人意料的结果。

．．To sleep well, I turned off the alarm clock.We hurried to the classroom only to find none there.in order(not)to,s o as(not)to用来引导目的状语,enough to, so… as to do, such + 名词… as todo作结果状语，如:The girl was so kind as to help．．．．．．．．．．．．．． the old man off the bus.I’m not such a fool as to believe that.You were silly not ____ your car. (2004高考湖南卷)A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having lockedHelen had to shout _____ above the sound of the music. (2004高考广西卷)A. making herself hearB. to make herself hearC. making herself heardD. to make herself heard（6）不定式的完成时的特殊用法。

①表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发出的动作。

The novel was said to have been published.I regret to have been with you for so many years.seem、appear、be said、be supposed、be believed、be thought、be known、be reported等动词常用于上面句型。

Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the first computer.A. to have inventedB. inventingC. to inventD. having inventedRobert is said ________abroad. but I don't know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to study C．to be studying D．to have been studying此外，glad、happy、satisfied、sorry、surprised、disappointed后也接完成时，但要注意与一般时的区别。

I’m sorry ___________________ for a minute.对不起，请稍等。

（说话时还未等）I’m sorry _______________________for so long.对不起，让你久等了。