编号1句子和句子成分编写人：刘德刚审稿人：张丽珍I. 课前自学一．自学材料简单句：只有一个主语和谓语动词的句子称为简单句。
简单句分五种基本句式和There be句式。
（说明：S=主语；V=谓语；P=表语；O=宾语；IO=间接宾语；DO=直接宾语；C=宾语补足语）Question: 你认为划分句子成分时，应首先找出什么成分(主语/谓语/宾语/定语/状语)?1. 主谓结构（S+V）(说明：此句式中V是不及物动词vi)Eg: The gas has given out.Plants grow well all the year round.Ex: 1) 他们听得很仔细。
_________________________________________2) 我的墨水用完了。
_____________________________________________2. 主系表结构（S+V+P）(说明：此句式中V是系动词link v.，常见的有: be, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, stand, become, turn等)Eg: He is older than he looks.He seems interested in the book.Ex: 完成句子：1) 刘谦是个魔术师。
Liu Qian _________ a music.2) 你长的比以前高了。
Y ou _______________ taller than before.3) 花闻起来香甜。
The flowers ____________ sweet and nice.3. 主谓宾结构（S+V+O）(说明：此句式中V是及物动词或短语，后面必须跟宾语)Eg: I saw a film yesterday. The man is looking for his own chair.Have you read the story.Ex: 汉译英：1) 他们在村里建了一座工厂。
________________________________________2) 你应当照看好你的孩子。
______________________________________4. 主谓双宾语(间接宾语和直接宾语)结构（S+V+IO+DO）(说明V是及物动词，常见的跟双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, borrow, buy, get, rob, warn等)Eg: He gave me a book/a book to me.Mother bought me a book/a book for me.Ex: 改写句子(改为：主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语)：1) He brought me a pen. _________________________________2) Please do me a favor. __________________________________5. 主谓宾补结构(S+V+O+C) (V是带宾语补足语的及物动词，做补足语的词有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词，过去分词等)Eg: They made the girl angry. They named the boy Charlie.Ex: 完成句子1）我发现他出去了。
I found her __________.2）他们感觉汽车行驶的很快。
They felt the car ___________。
3) 我刚才听到玻璃碎了。
I heard the glass ___________ just now.6. There b e句型Eg: There is a book on the desk. There are too many people for me to talk with.Ex: 汉译英：1）屋子里有一张桌子两把椅子。
_______________________________________2) 没有必要那么匆忙去车站。
___________________________________________.二、句子成分1、定语(修饰名词或代词)Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country. He is our maths teacher.His mother is teaching thirty students to study music. T om’s brother is a worker.Who is the boy in the room? The man out in the only one who I know here.Ex: 找出下列句中的定语1) Y esterday the scientist made a report on the modern science.2) Do you have anything more to say?3) Do you know the number of books文综之家ordered by the library.2、状语(修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子)Time travels quickly. He has lived here for ten years. I’m glad to see you.He is in the room reading books. When I came in, he was doing homework.Ex: 找出下列句中的状语1) I shall stay here for five months.2) Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.3. 按照五种句式分析下列句子，并确定定语和状语。
1) That boy likes football very much.2) The girl stood there for a moment.3) He is always the happiest student of the whole class.4) My father gave me five interesting books yesterday.5) The teacher asked the students to finish the work in time.6) Every one of us may have heard of the story of the tortoise and the hare.7) The hare ran faster than the tortoise at the begging of the race.8) Recently, someone told me a more interesting version of this story.9) The hare and the tortoise became pretty good friends at that time.10) The new version is a better one for some children.11) The moral of the story is that it is important to work together.三、各种句式1. 否定句(否定谓语/否定主语/加否定意义词no, never, hardly, seldom, little, few等)The villagers didn’t allow them to do this. (not与助动词/情态动词结合否定谓语)None of you watched carefully enough. (主语变为否定意义)She has never seen her mother since 10 years ago. (加否定意义副词)Ex: 将下列句子改为否定句1) We have had women working in this part of our company before.2) We think there is something of interest in your pictures.3) Both of them had their tickets. All of them have finished their work.2. 疑问句Eg: 一般疑问句：---Are you good at sailing? --Y es, in fact, I’m on our city team.特殊疑问句：---How is he? ---He is very well.(特殊疑问词who/ whom/ whose// when/ where/ why// what/ which/ how) Ex: 就划线部分提问Professor Li’s speech is going to be given this afternoon._______________________________________________________________He is going to be ready in half an hour._____________________________________________________________3. 反意疑问句Eg: She looks quiet enough, doesn’t she?I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?Ex: 完成反意疑问句Nobody phoned while I was out, ______________?I don’t think you’ve heard of him before, ______________?4. 祈使句Come along, please. Don’t do that again next time.助动词强调：Do be careful when crossing the street.祈使句+and+将来时：Use your head, and you will find a way.特殊祈使句：---Alice, you feed the bird today, will you? ---yes, But, I fed it yesterday.5. 感叹句How exciting he became when he heard the news!What an interesting story it is!Ex: 完成句子____________large the West Lake is!____________terrible earthquakes they are!II. 课后巩固性训练1. He seldom has lunch at school, ______?A. hasn’t heB. has heC. doesn’t heD. does he2. Susan’s found her pass, ______?A. isn’t sheB. is sheC. has n’t sheD. was she3. ______exciting the film is!A. WhatB. HowC. SoD. How much4. ---How _____ your family? ---V ery well, thank you.A. isB. areC. wasD. were5. ______he has sent us!A. What nice giftB. How nice giftC. What a nice giftD. How a nice gift6. She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book ____ 50 million.A. have reachedB. has reachedC. are reachingD. had reached7. ____good information it is!A. HowB. WhatC. How aD. What a8. _____down the radio---the baby’s asleep in the next room.A. TurningB. To turnC. TurnedD. Turn9. He little realized that he made a big mistake, _____?A. didn’t heB. hadn’t heC. had heD. did he10. ---Nice to see you all. ---It’s been a long time since you dropped in, Mary____?A. didn’t youB. isn’t itC. don’t youD. hasn’t it11. I don’t suppose you’re serious, _____?A. don’t youB. do IC. are youD. aren’t you12. She missed the last bus yesterday, _____?A. didn’t sheB. mustn’t sheC. hadn’t sheD. wasn’t she13. Nothing is interesting here, ______?A. are theyB. aren’t theyC. is itD. isn’t it14. ---Sorry, Joe, I didn’t mean to…---Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!A. doB. didn’tC. didD. don’t。