活性白土论文：硬脂酸白土的制备与应用【中文摘要】有机膨润土是采用有机改性剂对膨润土进行改性而得到的一种憎水亲油膨润土,目前常用的有机改性剂为三甲基十六烷基溴化胺,由于改性剂价格较高,加上膨润土杂质多、颜色较深,制备亲油性好、色泽浅的有机膨润土较为困难。
有人采用硬脂酸改性碱性钙基膨润土制备了部分剥离硬脂酸膨润土,该膨润土色泽较浅、分散性好,但碱性钙基膨润土的制备比较复杂。
活性白土为无机酸活化膨润土所得到的一种漂白土,是目前产量最大的一种膨润土深加工产品,主要用于油脂脱色及催化,为了扩大活性白土的应用范围,本文利用负载氢氧化钙的活性白土与硬脂酸反应,把活性白土的酸性表面改性为亲油表面,得到了一种价格低廉,性能与有机膨润土类似的有机白土,即硬脂酸白土,在膨润土的开发应用方面具有较好的发展前景。
实验采用了单因素分析方法,考察了反应时间、反应温度、硬脂酸添加量和溶剂用量等因素对有机白土有机化含量的影响,并对产品进行了表征及探索性应用。
实验结果表明,2.50 g负载氢氧化钙白土在硬脂酸用量为2.00 g、环己烷溶剂为50 ml、反应时间为2.0 h及反应温度为50℃下有机化含量达到36.3%,达到了传统有机土的水平。
XRD表征表明硬脂酸进入了蒙脱石层间,使得层间距增大；SEM扫描表明蒙脱石发生了部分剥离,得到的产品为片状结构,片的厚度在100 nm 以内；DSC测定表明硬脂酸白土具有较好的憎水性。
应用实验发现有机白土可以吸附5.1倍自身重量的油,在吸油材料领域具有一定的应用。
通过与纸、织物及棉花等吸油材料的性能比较,发现硬脂酸白土在吸油材料方面具有优势。
【英文摘要】Organic bentonite is a kind of hate water close to oil bentonite which is modified by organic modifier. Organic modifier currently used for cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide at present, because of a higher price of modifier, bentonite have a lot of impurities and darker color, preparation of close to oil and light color organic bentonite is hard. Some people modified alkaline calcium base bentonite with stearic acid, to get the partially delaminated Stearic Acid Montmorillonite, this kind of bentonite have light colour and good dispersion, but preparation of alkaline calcium base bentonite is complex. Activated clay is a kind of bleaching clay which is activated by inorganic acid,is currently the largest amount of bentonite deep processing product, mainly is used for oil decoloring and catalyticcing. In order to expand the application range of activated clay, the paper made use of the reaction of activated clay loaded with calcium hydroxide and stearic acid, modified acidic surface of activated clay for oleophylic surface, to get a kind of organic clay which is similar to organic bentonite and have a lower price, named Stearic Acid Clay. It have a good prospect for the application and development of bentonit.Asingle factor analysis was carried out in order to maximize the organic content of the product, by optimizing the reaction parameters such as the time of reaction, the temperature of reaction, the amount of stearic acid and the dosage of solvent, and the product had been characterizationed and used for exploration. The experimental results show that 2.50 g of activated clay loaded with calcium hydroxide,2.00 g of stearic acid,50 mL of carrier solvent, the temperature for 50℃and a reaction time of 2.0 h, under these conditions, the organic ignition loss of the product is 36.3%, reach the level of the traditional organic bentonite. XRD characterization show that the stearic acid anion is intercalated between the layers of activated clay and the layer spacing is expanded; SEM characterization show that the partial delamination occur in the bentonite, the product assume the structure of flake, the thickness of slice is less than 100nm; DSC determination show that Stearic Acid Clay have good hydrophobic. The application experiment find that the organic clay adsorb oil which is 5.1 times the weight of it, and have certain applications inoil-absorbing material field. Compared with the oil-absorbing ability of paper, fabric and cotton, it is found that Stearic Acid Clay take advantage in the oil-absorbing material field.【关键词】活性白土硬脂酸硬脂酸白土制备应用【英文关键词】activated clay stearic acid Stearic Acid Clay preparation application 【目录】硬脂酸白土的制备与应用摘要4-6ABSTRACT6-7第一章绪论11-23 1.1 引言11 1.2 活性白土概述11-14 1.2.1 活性白土的生产原料11-13 1.2.2 活性白土的主要生产方法13-14 1.2.3 活性白土的应用14 1.3 有机改性膨润土14-19 1.3.1 膨润土的阳离子有机改性14-16 1.3.2 膨润土的阴离子有机改性16-19 1.4 聚合物/膨润土材料的剥离19-20 1.5 有机膨润土的表征20-21 1.5.1 XRD20 1.5.2 DSC20 1.5.3 SEM20-21 1.6 本论文的研究内容21-23 1.6.1 研究背景21 1.6.2 研究内容21-22 1.6.3 研究的创新之处22-23第二章制备硬脂酸白土的最佳工艺确定23-30 2.1 实验的主要试剂与仪器设备23 2.2 实验过程和方法23-26 2.2.1 预备实验24-25 2.2.2 硬脂酸白土的制备方法25 2.2.3 有机化含量的测定方法25-26 2.3 结果与讨论26-29 2.3.1 反应时间的影响26-27 2.3.2 反应温度的影响27 2.3.3 硬脂酸用量的影响27-29 2.3.4 分散剂用量的影响29 2.4 结论29-30第三章硬脂酸白土的表征30-34 3.1实验测定的样品及主要仪器设备30 3.2 实验方法30-31 3.3 结果与讨论31-33 3.3.1 扫描电镜分析31-32 3.3.2 X射线衍射分析32 3.3.3 差热分析32-33 3.4 结论33-34第四章硬脂酸白土的性能指标及其在吸油中的应用34-54 4.1 应用背景34-38 4.1.1 吸油材料的种类34 4.1.2 吸油材料的吸油机理34-36 4.1.3 吸油材料的研究进展36-38 4.1.4 吸油材料的性能指标38 4.2 实验的主要材料及设备38-39 4.3 实验方法39-44 4.3.1 产品吸油率测定39-40 4.3.2 产品保油率的测定40-41 4.3.3 外观41 4.3.4 细度的测定41 4.3.5 比重的测定41 4.3.6 含水率的测定41 4.3.7 有机化含量的测定41 4.3.8 干活性白土吸油率测定41-42 4.3.9 纸纤维的吸油性能测定42 4.3.10 织物的吸油性能测定42-43 4.3.11 棉纤维的吸油性能测定43-44 4.4 结果与讨论44-52 4.4.1 产品性能测定结果44-46 4.4.2 活性白土改性前后吸油比较46-47 4.4.3 其他吸油材料与硬脂酸白土的吸油性能比较47-52 4.5 结论52-54第五章结论与展望54-56 5.1 结论54 5.2 展望54-56参考文献56-60致谢60-61攻读硕士学位期间发表的学术论文目录61【备注】索购全文在线加好友QQ：139938848同时提供论文写作一对一指导和论文发表委托服务。