考点一动词的时态和语态Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦考向1一般时的主动语态1．However，it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then，after two and a half years，the mother (drive) the young panda away.(2016·四川)答案drove解析考查时态。
文章叙述了熊猫妈妈对孩子的照顾，用了一般过去时，空格处也需用一般过去时且为主动形式，故用drive的过去式drove。
2．This cycle (go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案goes解析此处指这种循环日复一日地不断持续下去，由冒号后内容的时态可知这种情况是客观事实，故用一般现在时态。
考向2被动语态1．So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base，where ticket money helps pay for research.I (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.(2016·全国Ⅰ)答案was allowed解析考查时态和被动语态。
根据语境及allow sb.to do sth.这一用法可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态形式。
2．Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinesecharacters.(2016·全国Ⅲ)答案be made解析根据句意筷子是被制造的。
此处为含有情态动词的被动语态might be done。
3．The giant panda (love) by people throughout the world.(2016·四川)答案is loved解析考查时态和被动语态。
大熊猫为世界各地的人们所喜爱是个客观事实，故用一般现在时；panda与love之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。
故填is loved。
Ⅱ.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)考向1文中前后时态不一致1．It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even hadhave to wait outside.Myuncle tells me that...(2016·全国Ⅰ)解析根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般现在时。
2．I thoughtthink that it is a good idea.It does not cost much，yet we can still learn a lot.(2016·全国Ⅱ)解析考查一般现在时的用法。
我认为这是一个好主意。
根据上下文可知，此处并不是过去的看法，而是现在的看法。
3．However，my parents didn’t seem to think so.They always telltold me what to do and how to doit.(2016·全国Ⅲ)解析根据上下文可知此处应用一般过去时态。
4．While theychatchatted，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit on the top of thefridge.(2016·浙江)解析根据主句内容my father would lift my sister 可知while引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。
故chat改成chatted。
5．Dad and I planned to do something on Mother’s Day.We getgot up early in the morning.Dadcleaned the house，and then went shopping.(2016·四川)解析由前句中的planned和后句中的cleaned，went可知此处用一般过去时。
考向2谓语动词的结构形式错误1．Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015·全国Ⅰ)解析studies与show之间为主动关系，所以删除been。
2．A woman saw him crying and tellingtold him to wait outside the shop.(2015·全国Ⅱ)解析句子的主语为A woman，谓语为saw，crying为宾补，and连接的是两个谓语，而不是两个宾补，所以telling改为told。
3．Tony was scared and begunbegan to cry.(2015·全国Ⅱ)解析was scared 与begun是由and连接的两个并列谓语，由was scared可知应用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began，begun是其过去分词，所以begun改为began。
考点二非谓语动词Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦考向1作定语1．But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，when I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016·全国Ⅰ)答案permitted解析因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。
因permit与reporter之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。
2．For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something (eat)！(2016·四川) 答案to eat解析不定式to eat作定语，修饰前面的不定代词something。
句意为：25天中，她寸步不离她的孩子，甚至不去找东西吃！3．Abercrombie&Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015·全国Ⅰ)答案living解析句中已有谓语动词arranges，故应考虑此处填非谓语动词。
由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。
考向2作主语、宾语(补足语)或表语1．My ambassadorial duties will include (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.(2016·全国Ⅰ)答案introducing解析由句子结构可知，include后缺宾语，而include后需跟动名词作宾语。
2．It took years of work (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)答案to reduce解析句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，该句结构为It takes＋时间＋to do sth.。
3．In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without (use) electric equipment.(2015·全国Ⅱ)答案using解析介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。
4．I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused (1) (stop) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept (2) (ride)．(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)答案(1)to stop(2)riding解析(1)refuse后接动词作宾语时，要用其不定式形式，即refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。
(2)keep后接动名词作宾语，意为“继续做某事”。
故填riding。
5．One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about (be) late for school.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)答案being解析空格前面是介词about，后面的动词应使用v.-ing形式，因此应填being。
考向3作状语1．Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal (create) special designs.(2016·全国Ⅲ)答案to create解析考查动词不定式作目的状语。
句中已有谓语combine，故此处应考虑填非谓语动词，combine various hardwoods and metal的目的是to create special designs，故填动词不定式。