新编国际货运代理专业英语（2015年版）讲义含英文翻译和真题详解Unit8Multimodal Transport【基本要求】1．熟悉：Container Transport2．掌握：International Multimodal Transport【考试内容】1．International Multimodal Transport（1）The Advantages of International Multimodal Transport（2）Forms of Multimodal Transport Operations2．Container Transport（1）Container standards（2）Types of Container Loading（3）Documents of Container Transport【大纲详解】一、国际多式联运1．国际多式联运的定义（掌握）课文：The term"International multimodal transport",defined by United Nations Convention on International Multimodal Transport of Goods,means"the carriage of goods by at least two different modes of transport on the basis of a multimodal transport contract from a place in one country at which the goods are taken in charge by the multimodal transport operator to a place designated for delivery in adifferent country.The operations of pick-up and delivery of goods carried out in the performance of a unimodal transport contract，as defined in such contract，shall not be considered as international multimodal transport."注释：multimodal transport：多式联运multimodal transport operator：多式联运经营人pick-up：提取，收货unimodal：单一方式译文：“国际多式联运”一词由联合国公约定义为国际货物多式联运，意指按照多式联运合同，以至少两种不同的运输方式，由多式联运经营人将货物从一国境内的接管地点运至另一国境内指定交付地点的货物运输。

在单一运输合同下进行的货物的提取和交付不能称作为国际多式联运。

【例题8.1•单选题】Multimodal transport refers to a transport system usually operated by one carrier with more than（）transport under the control or ownership of one operator.[2014年真题]A．one mode ofB．two modes ofC．three modes ofD．four modes of【答案】A【解析】国际多式运输是指按照多式运输合同，以至少两种不同的运输方式，由多式运输经营人将货物从一国境内接管货物的地点运至另一国境内指定交付货物的地点的一种运输方式。

2．国际多式联运的优点（掌握）（1）减少转运点的时间损失（Minimizing time loss at transshipment points）课文：International multimodal transport,which is planned and coordinated as a single operation,minimizes the loss of time and the risk of loss,pilferage,and damage to cargo at transshipment points.注释：transshipment point：转运点pilferage：偷窃coordinate：协调interchange：交换译文：国际多式联运在经过规划和协调后的单一操作模式下，能够最大限度地减少时间损失，以及货物在转运点灭失、被盗或受损的风险。

【例题8.2•判断题】Multimodal transport can not minimize time loss at transshipment points.（）.[2014年真题]【答案】B【解析】多式运输可在转运节点最小化时间成本，减轻文件和相关手续的负担，因而能够节省成本。

（2）提供更快的货物运输方式（Providing faster transit of goods）课文：The faster transit of goods made possible under multimodal transport reduces the disadvantages of distance from markets and the tying-up of capital.In an era of globalization the distance between origin or source materials and consumer is increasing thanks to the development of multimodal transport.注释：tying-up of capital：资金紧张；globalization：全球化译文：多式联运下的快速货物运输可以减少距离市场远和资金紧张带来的不利因素。

在全球化时代，原产地或原材料与消费者之间的距离由于多式联运的发展还在不断增加。

【例题8.3•判断题】The faster transit of goods made possible under multimodal transport reduces the disadvantages of distance from markets and the tying-up of capital.（）【答案】A【解析】多式联运提供更快捷的货物运输方式，可以减少市场距离相隔较远和资金紧张带来的不利因素。

（3）减轻了制单和手续负担（Reducing the burden of documentation and formalities）课文：The burden of documentation and other formalities connected with segmented transport is reduced to minimum.注释：segmented transport：分段运输译文：在多式联运模式下，与传统的分段运输相关的制单和其他手续的负担被减到最小。

【例题8.4•判断题】Multimodal transport can reduce the burden of documentation and formalities.（）[2013年真题]【答案】A【解析】多式联运的优势之一就是减少了文件和手续的复杂性。

（4）节约成本（Saving costs）课文：The savings in costs resulting from these advantages are usually reflected in the through freight rates charged by the multimodal transport operator and also in the cost of cargo insurance.As savings are passed onto the consumer demand increases.注释：saving cost：节省成本；through freight rate：联运费率译文：国际多式联运节约的成本通常反映在多式联运经营人收取的联运费率和货物运输保险的成本上。

这种成本节省所带来的好处会传递到消费者身上使需求增加。

【例题8.5•单选题】The savings in cost resulting from the advantages of multimodal transport are usually reflected in the（）charged by the multimodal transport operator．A．the cost of warehousingB．cost of damage to goodsC．the settlement of claims for loss of goodsD．through freight rates【答案】D【解析】多式联运可以节约运输成本，这是由于它在费用方面占有优势，这些优势表现在多式联运人收取的联运货运价格较低。

（5）由一个多式运输经营人负总责（Establishing only one agency to deal with）课文：The consignor has to deal with only the multimodal transport operator in all matters relating to the transportation of his goods,including the settlement for loss of goods,or damage to them,or delay in delivery at destination.注释：deal with：处理，与…打交道；settlement：处理，解决译文：有关货物运输的所有事宜，包括处理货物损失或损坏，以及在目的地交货延迟等问题，托运人只需与多式联运经营人联系即可。

（6）降低出口成本（Reducing cost of exports）课文：The inherent advantages of a multimodal transport system will help to reduce the cost of exports and improve their competition position in the international market.注释：inherent：内在的译文：多式联运系统的固有优势将有助于降低出口成本，提高产品在国际市场上的竞争地位。