新编国际货运代理专业英语（2015年版）讲义含英文翻译和真题详解Unit7Air Cargo Transport【基本要求】1．了解：Air LCL Inquiry&Quote2．熟悉：Consolidation3．掌握：Air Cargo Charges,Rates and Waybill【考试内容】1．Air Cargo Charges,Rates and Waybill（1）Air Cargo Charges and Rates（2）General Cargo Rate（GCR）（3）Commodity Classification Rate（CCR）（4）Specific Commodity Rate（SCR）（6）Air Waybill（7）Characters and Functions of Air Waybill（8）Air Waybill（9）Content of Air Waybill2．Consolidation（1）Advantages of Consolidation（2）The Role of a Freight Forwarder as a Consolidator（3）Liability of consolidator3．Filling out Air Waybill【大纲详解】一、航空运费，运费率和运单1．航空运费和运费率（掌握）（1）决定航空运费率的因素课文：Air cargo rates are based on the value of service or the cost of service.译文：航空货运费率是基于服务的价值或服务的成本制定的。
①服务价值课文：Value of service rates are demand based and consider the sensitivity of the cargo to freight rates.The less sensitive the cargo is to rates,the higher the rate will be.On traffic lanes where demand is strong and plane capacity is limited,the air rates will be high and vice versa for traffic lanes where supply exceeds demand. Also,products with high prices or emergency conditions surroundingthe move will be charged high rates because the freight rate is a small portion of the landed selling price.注释：sensitivity：敏感traffic lane：运输道路，运输渠道vice versa：反之亦然译文：服务价值的高低是以需求为基础的，并且要考虑货物对运价的敏感度。
货物对运价越不敏感，运价越高。
在需求强劲和飞机承载量有限的航线中，航空运价会较高；反之，对于供过于求的航线，航空运价则较低。
产品价格较高或所运产品较紧急时，运价较高，因为运价是到岸销售价格的一小部分。
②服务成本课文：Cost of service factors also enter into air carrier pricing of cargo.Air carriers calculate the dimensional weight（dim weight）of a shipment to evaluate the weight versus space issue.Freight carriers use the greater of the actual weight or dimensional weight to calculate shipping charges.Carriers calculate internationalair shipmentas（Length×Width×Height）/（Dimensional Factor）.The common dimensional factor for international freight is166for shipments measured in inches and or6,000for shipments measured in centimeters.注释：dimensional weight：体积重量shipping charges：运输费用Inch：英寸centimeter：厘米译文：服务成本因素同样计入货物的航空运输价格。
航空承运人通过计算货物的体积重量来估算货物重量与机舱空间的对比。
货运代理公司使用实际重量或体积重量中的较大者计算运费。
承运人按（长×宽×高）/（尺寸因素）计量国际空运货物。
国际空运货物的通用尺寸为166英寸，或6,000厘米。
（2）IATA和TACT课文：The pricing of international air freight is governed by the International Air Transport Association（IATA）via the Air Cargo Tariff（TACT）.TACT includes three types of international air carrier rates。
注释：govern：受…管制、约束IATA：国际航空运输协会TACT：空运货物运价表译文：国际航空货运价格受到国际航空运输协会（IATA）所制定的空运货物运价表的指引。
空运货物运价表包括三种不同类型的国际空运运费率。
2．普通货物运价（GCR）（掌握）课文：General cargo rates are charged by a carrier to transport cargo when it doesn't qualify for a discounted special class fee or a commodity fee from the carrier.General cargo rates consist of minimum rate（M）,normal rate（N）,and lower charge in higher weight（Q）.注释：GCR：普通货物运价qualify：有资格discount：打折，贴现minimum rate：起码运价译文：普通货物运价是指运送货物的承运人征收的不适用于特殊折扣类费用或特定商品费用的航空运价。
普通货物运价由最低运费率（M）、正常费率（N）和较重货物适用的低运费率（Q）组成。
【例题7.1•多选题】General cargo rates consist of（）.A．minimum rate（M）B．normal rate（N）C．lower charge in higher weight（Q）D．higher rate（H）【答案】ABC【解析】普通货物运价包含三种不同的费率，分别是最低运费率（M）、正常费率（N）和较重货物适用的低运费率（Q）。
3．等级货物运价（CCR）（掌握）（1）定义课文：Commodity classification rates,also known as class rates,are published for particular commodities from a specified point of origin to a specified destination point and are usually shown in Surcharged（S）or Reduced（R）.Class Rates take precedence over General Cargo Rates regardless of comparisons.注释：CCR：等级货物运价specify：指定，列举Surcharge：附加费precedence：优先性译文：等级货物运价，也称为等级运价，是适用于从规定起点运至规定终点的特定商品的运价。
等级货物运价通常以附加费或减免费的形式出现。
等级货物运价优先于普通货物运价。
【例题7.2•判断题】In International air cargo transportation,Class Rates are afurther supplement to the General Cargo Rates tariff,and are applied by most airlines.（）【2012年真题】【答案】A【解析】等级货物运价是普通货物运价的一个补充，目前被大部分航空公司所采用。
（2）等级货物①Newspapers,Magazines,Periodicals,Books,Catalogues,Braille-Type Equipment and Talking Books for the Blind.Usually,50%of normal GCR shall apply to the above commodities and the minimum charge will be either the minimum charge for the specified sector or the amount customers get by multiplying such discounted rate per kg/lb by the minimum chargeable weight,whichever is higher.注释：periodical：定期的，期刊braille：盲文minimum charge：起码运费minimum chargeable weight：起码收费重量译文：报纸、杂志、期刊、书籍、目录、盲人设备及有声读物。
通常，普通货物运价的50%可适用于上述货物。
起码运费取指定部门的起码运费，与每公斤/磅折扣费率乘以起码收费重量的积的较高者。
②Baggage Shipped as CargoFor carriage of baggage shipped as cargo（excluding machinery,jewelry,。