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广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院高级英汉汉英口译课件7

eg. Hard pressed by his father, John told the truth in spite of his wife’s warning.
约翰被他老子追急了,也就顾不得老婆的叮 嘱,说出了真情实事。
Two Reasons:
1) Lack of prepositions and no particles at all in Chinese.

high frequency of verb usage

dynamic narration
Examples Analysis
In the cities there were strict curfews, empty hotels, abandoned streets and office buildings, looters, trigger-happy patrols, and all the rest. (War and Remembrance, by Herman Wouk)
2) Chronicle style in Chinese vs. Architectural style in English
Chinese language – verb advantage in usage
English language – noun advantage in usage
各处城市都严格实行宵禁,饭店旅社都已人去 楼空,大街小巷行人绝迹,办公大楼门可罗雀, 歹徒趁火打劫,巡逻队动辄开枪杀人。完全是 一派兵荒马乱景象。
Examples Analysis
Eisenhower later recalled, when McArthur felt slighted he was capable of expressing himself in “an explosive denunciation of politics, bad manners, bad judgment, broken promise, arrogance, unconstitutionality, insensitivity, and the way the world had gone to hell. (The Glory and the Dream, by William Manchester)
In the 2100 years from the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, Halley Comet appeared 27 times and they were all recorded in China.
In the 2100 years from the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, the 27 appearances of Halley Comet were all recorded in China.
Dynamic vs. Stative
eg. He is a chain-smoker of cigarettes. (stative)
He smokes cigarettes one after another. (dynamic)
There are white clouds in the blue sky. (stative)
Examples Analysis
这充分说明,中国人独立自主的民族精 神具有巨大的力量。
This fully testifies that the independent national spirit of the Chinese people has tremendous strength.
Examples Analysis
他老是说谎。 他酷爱流行音乐。 他不抽烟,也不喝酒。 他演戏演得很棒。 他文章写得很好。 他经常参观博物馆。 他最会捣乱。 他很不合群。 他喜欢胡思乱想。
Examples Analysis
从秦代到清末的二千一百多年间,哈雷彗星出 现二十七次,中国都有记录。
White clouds are floating in the blue skyun advantage

high frequency of noun usage

stative narration
Chinese: verb advantage
埃森豪威尔后来回忆往事时说,只要麦克阿瑟 感到有人对他不够尊重,就“发起脾气来,破 口大骂人家好耍权术,不懂礼貌,乱出主意, 出尔反尔,目中无人,违反宪法,神经迟钝, 麻木不仁,如今世道真是见鬼”等等。
Examples Analysis
夸奖一回,奉承一回,把老太太的心都 说活了。(《红楼梦》)
Session 7 动态与静态
View of Lin Tongji (林同济)
“ 动词对任何语言来讲,都是重要的,在汉 语中尤为突出。展开一篇汉语作品,略与英语 作品相较,我们马上可以发觉:前者的动词频 率,往往远远超过后者。”
“最堪注意的是汉语并没有把动词的高度频 率视为负担。正相反,汉语的发展方向无疑是 加强动词的优势。”
This is a full testimony to the tremendous strength of the independent national spirit of the Chinese people.
All their praise and flattery are having some effect on the old lady.
Examples Analysis
当时一个朋友对我说,北京戏最好,你 不去见见世面吗?(《社戏》)
A friend told me Beijing had the best opera that seeing it was an experience not to be missed.
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