管理会计Managerial Accounting （双语32）学习辅助资料2013-2014-1学期第一部分授课计划使用教材：Managerial Accounting（会计学--管理会计分册，James M. Reeve等，杜兴强改编），中国人民大学出版社，教育部高校工商管理类教学指导委员会双语教学推荐教材总计学时：32第二部分成绩评定第三部分主要内容Terminology------------专业术语（自查中文，了解术语的含义）Major Contents -------本章主要内容（给出的是教材上的一级和二级标题，加※的部分略看，其他需要精读）Questions----------------思考题（取自每一章课后的Eye Openers）School Assignments----作业题（需要做书面作业）Chapter 18 Managerial Accounting Concepts and PrinciplesTerminology:managerial accounting ( or management accounting );financial accounting;financial statements;stakeholders;shareholders;creditor;government agencies;general public;line department;staff department;management process;planning; directing;controlling;improving;decision making;strategy planning;operational planning;management by exception;Generally Accepted Accounting Principles;service companies;merchandising companies;manufacturing companies;direct cost;indirect cost;period costs;product costs;manufacturing costs;cost object;direct materials cost;direct labor cost;factory overhead;prime costs;conversion costs;selling expenses;administrative expenses;cost of merchandise sold;cost of goods sold;materials inventory;work in process inventory;finished goods inventory;balance sheet;income statement;merchandise available for sale;cost of goods manufactured;cost of finished goods available for sale;statement of cost of goods manufactured.Major Contents:1. Managerial AccountingDifferences Between Managerial Accounting and Financial Accounting The Management Accountant in the Organization ※Managerial Accounting in the Management Process2. Manufacturing Operations: Costs and TerminologyDirect and Indirect CostsManufacturing Costs3. Financial Statements for a Manufacturing BusinessBalance Sheet for a Manufacturing BusinessIncome statement for a manufacturing company4. Uses of Managerial Accounting ※Questions: (on page 20—21)Eye openers: 1, 4, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21.School assignments:No.Chapter 21 Cost Behavior and Cost-Volume-Profit AnalysisTerminology:cost behavioractivity baserelevant rangevariable costsvariable cost per unit or unit variable costfixed costsfixed cost per unitmixed costshigh-low methodvariable costingcost-volume-profit analysisselling pricesales volumeproduction volumeprofitincome from operationscontribution marginunit contribution margincontribution margin ratio or profit-volume ratiobreak-even pointbreak-even sales( units)break-even sales( dollars)target profitcost-volume-profit chartbreak-even chartprofit-volume chart“what if ”analysis or sensitivity analysissales mixoperating leveragemargin of safetymargin of safety(units)margin of safety(dollars)Major Contents：（★all should be read intensively）1.Cost BehaviorVariable CostsFixed CostsMixed Costs2. Cost-Volume-Profit RelationshipContribution MarginContribution Margin RatioUnit Contribution Margin3. Mathematical Approach to Cost-Volume-Profit AnalysisTarget Profit4. Graphic Approach to Cost-Volume-Profit AnalysisCost-Volume-Profit (Break-Even) ChartProfit-Volume ChartUse of Computers in Cost-Volume-Profit AnalysisAssumptions of Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis5. Special Cost-Volume-Profit RelationshipSales Mix ConsiderationsOperating LeverageMargin of SafetyQuestions: (on page 99—100)Eye openers: 1;3;9;11;14;15.School assignment:PR 21-1A West Coast Apparel Co. manufactures a variety of clothing types for distribution to several major retail chains. The following costs are incurred in the production and sale of blue jeans:a.Salary of production vice presidentb.Property taxes on property, plant, and equipmentc.Electricity costs of $0.12 per kilowatt-hourd.Salesperson's salary, $30,000 plus 2% of the total salese.Consulting fee of $100,000 paid to industry specialist for marketing advicef.Shipping boxes used to ship ordersg.Dyeh.Threadi.Salary of designersj.Brass buttonsk.Janitorial supplies, $2,000 per monthl.Legal fees paid to attorneys in defense of the company in a patent infringement suit, $40,000 plus $150 per hourm.Straight-line depreciation on sewing machinesn.Insurance premiums on property, plant, and equipment, $50,000 per year plus $4 per $20,000 of insured value over $10,000,000o.Hourly wages of machine operators p.p.Fabricq.Rental costs of warehouse, $4,000 per month plus $3 per square foot of storage used r.r.Rent on experimental equipment, $40,000 per years.Leather for patches identifying the brand on individual pieces of apparel t.t.SuppliesInstructionsClassify the preceding costs as either fixed, variable, or mixed. Use the following tabular headings and place an "X〃 in the appropriate column. Identify each cost by letter in the cost column.Cost Fixed Cost Variable Cost Mixed CostPR 21-5A Data related to the expected sales of snowboards and skis for Winter SportsThe estimated fixed costs for the current year are $420,000.Instructions1.Determine the estimated units of sales of the overall product necessary to reach thebreak-even point for the current year.2.Based on the break-even sales (units) in part (1), determine the unit sales of bothsnowboards and skis for the current year.3.Assume that the sales mix was 60% snowboards and 40% skis. Compare thebreak-even point with that in part (1). Why is it so different?PR 21-6A Soldner Health Care Products Inc. expects to maintain the same inventories at the end of 2010 as at the beginning of the year. The total of all production costs for the year is assumed to be equal to the cost of goods sold. With this in mind, the various department heads were asked to submit estimates of the costs for their departments during 2010. A summary report of these estimates is as follows:It is expected that 20,000 units will be sold at a price of $100 a unit. Maximum sales within the relevant range are 25,000 units.Instructions1.Prepare an estimated income statement for 2010.2.What is the expected contribution margin ratio?3.Determine the break-even sales in units.4.Construct a cost-volume-profit chart indicating the break-even sales.5.What is the expected margin of safety in dollars and as a percentage of sales?6.Determine the operating leverage.PR 21-1B Gaelic Industries Inc., operating at full capacity, sold 22,350 units at a price of $150 per unit during 2010. Its income statement for 2010 is as follows:Management is considering a plant expansion program that will permit an increase of $900,000 in yearly sales. The expansion will increase fixed costs by $242,500, but will not affect the relationship between sales and variable costs.Instructions1.Determine for 2010 the total fixed costs and the total variable costs.2.Determine for 2010 (a) the unit variable cost and (b) the unit contribution margin.pute the break-even sales (units) for 2010.pute the break-even sales (units) under the proposed program.5.Determine the amount of sales (units) that would be necessary under the proposedprogram to realize the $652,500 of income from operations that was earned in 2010.6.Determine the maximum income from operations possible with the expanded plant.7.If the proposal is accepted and sales remain at the 2010 level, what will the incomeor loss from operations be for 2011?8.Based on the data given, would you recommend accepting the proposal? Explain.Chapter 22 BudgetingTerminology:budgetsresponsibility centerbudgetary slackgoal conflictcontinuous budgetingzero-based budgetingstatic budgetflexible budgetmaster budgetincome statement budgetssales budgetproduction budgetdirect materials purchases budgetdirect labor cost budgetfactory overhead cost budgetcost of goods sold budgetselling and administrative expenses budgetbudgeted income statementbalance sheet budgetscash budgetcapital expenditures budgetbudget balance sheetoperating activitiesfinancing activitiesinvesting activitiesMajor Contents:1. Nature and Objectives of BudgetingObjectives of BudgetingHuman Behavior and Budgeting ※2. Budgeting SystemsStatic BudgetFlexible BudgetComputerized Budgeting Systems ※3. Master Budget4. Income Statement BudgetsSales BudgetProduction BudgetDirect Materials Purchases BudgetDirect Labor Cost BudgetFactory Overhead Cost BudgetCost of Goods Sold BudgetSelling and Administrative Expenses BudgetBudgeted Income Statements5. Balance Sheet BudgetsCash BudgetCapital Expenditures BudgetBudgeted Balance SheetQuestions: (on page 125—126)Eye openers:1,3,5,6,8,11,12,14.School assignments: (Preparing an operating budget)Randy’s Kayaks, Inc., manufactures and sells one person fiberglass kayaks. Randy’sThe following additional data about Randy’s sales, production costs, and other expensesInstruction1.Prepare the sales budget.2.Prepare the production budget.3.Prepare the selling and administrative budget.4.Prepare the direct materials purchases budget.5.Prepare the direct labor cost budget.6.Prepare the factory overhead cost budget.7.Prepare the cost of goods sold budget.8.Prepare the cash budget.9.Prepare the budgeted income statement.10.Prepare the budgeted balance sheet.Chapter 23 Performance EvaluationUsing Variances from Standard CostsTerminology:performance evaluationstandard costideal standards or theoretical standardscurrently attainable standards of normal standardstandard pricestandard quantitybudget performance reportcost variancesfavorable cost varianceunfavorable cost variancedirect materials cost variancedirect materials price variancedirect materials quantity variancedirect labor cost variancedirect labor rate variancedirect labor time variancefactory overhead cost variancevariable factory overhead controllable variancefixed factory overhead volume variancevariable factory overhead ratefixed factory overhead ratenonfinancial performance measureMajor Contents:1. StandardsSetting StandardsTypes of StandardsReviewing and Revise Standards※Criticisms of Standard Costs※2. Budgetary Performance EvaluationBudget Performance ReportManufacturing Cost Variances3. Direct Materials and Direct Labor VariancesDirect Materials VariancesDirect Labor Variances4. Factory Overhead VariancesThe Factory Overhead Flexible BudgetVariable Factory Overhead Controllable VarianceFixed Factory Overhead Volume VarianceReporting Factory Overhead VariancesFactory Overhead Account5. Recording and Reporting Variances from Standards ※6. Nonfinancial Performance Measures ※Questions: (on page 20—21)Eye openers: 1,2,3,9,15.School assignment:PR 23-1A Direct materials and direct labor variance analysisBest Bathware Company manufactures faucets in a small manufacturing facility. The faucets are made from zinc. Manufacturing has 50 employees. Each employee presently provides 36 hours of labor per week. Information about a production week is as follows:Standard wage per hr. $14.60Standard labor time per faucet 15 min.Standard number of lbs. of zinc 1.6 lbs.Standard price per lb(磅). of zinc $11.50Actual price per lb. of zinc $11.75Actual lbs. of zinc used during the week 12,400 lbs.Number of faucets produced during the week 7,500Actual wage per hr. $15.00Actual hrs. per week 1,800 hrs.InstructionsDetermine (a) the standard cost per unit for direct materials and direct labor; (b) the price variance, quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance; and (c) the rate variance, time variance, and total direct labor cost variance.PR23-1B Direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead cost varianceanalysis.Vintage Dresses Inc. manufactures dresses in a small manufacturing facility. Manufacturing has 20 employees. Each employee presently provides 35 hours of pro-ductive labor per week. Information about a production week is as follows:Standard wage per hr. $10.80Standard labor time per dress 12 min.Standard number of yds. of fabric per dress 3.8 yds.Standard price per yd. of fabric $2.90Actual price per yd. of fabric $2.75Actual yds. of fabric used during the week 12,100 yds.Number of dresses produced during the week 3,250Actual wage per hr. $11.00Actual hrs. per week 700 hrs. InstructionsDetermine (a) the standard cost per dress for direct materials and direct labor; (b) price variance, quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance; and (c) rate variance, time variance, and total direct labor cost variance.PR 23-3A Direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead cost variance analysis.Road Ready Tire Co. manufactures automobile tires. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 5,200 tires were as follows:InstructionsDetermine (a) the price variance, quantity variance, and total direct materials variance;(b) the rate variance, time variance, and total direct labor cost variance; (c) variable factory overhead controllable variance, the fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance.PR 23-3B Direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead cost variance analysisEastern Polymers, Inc., processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 23,500 units of product were as follows:InstructionsDetermine (a) the price variance, quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance; (b) the rate variance, time variance, and total direct labor cost variance; and (c) variable factory overhead controllable variance, the fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance.Chapter 24 Performance Evaluation for Decentralized Operations Terminology:centralized operationsdecentralized operationsresponsibility accountingresponsibility centercost centerprofit centerinvestment centerbudget performance reportcontrollable revenuescontrollable expensesactivity baseservice department charge ratereturn of return on investment(ROI) or rate of return on assetsresidual incomeDuPont formulaprofit margininvestment turnoveroperating profitabilityoperating efficiencybalance scorecardfinancial performancecustomer serviceinnovation and learninginternal processestransfer pricemarket price approachnegotiated price approach\cost approachMajor Contents:1. Centralized and Decentralized OperationsAdvantages of DecentralizationDisadvantages of DecentralizationResponsibility Accounting2. Responsibility Accounting for Cost Centers3. Responsibility Accounting for Profit CentersService Department Charges4. Responsibility Accounting for Investment CentersRate of Return on InvestmentResidual IncomeThe Balance Card ※5. Transfer PricingMarket Price ApproachNegotiated Price ApproachCost Price Approach Questions: (on page176) Eye openers: 1,2,6,7,9,12,13,14.School assignment:Chapter 25 Differential Analysis and Product PricingTerminology:differential analysis (or incremental analysis)differential revenuedifferential costdifferential income(or loss)relevant informationsunk coststime value of moneyopportunity costcost-plus methodmarkuptotal cost conceptproduct cost conceptvariable cost conceptactivity-based costing(ABC)target costingproduction bottleneck(or constraint)theory of constraints(TOC)unit contribution margin per production bottleneck constraintlease or selldiscontinue a segment or productmake or buyreplace equipmentprocess or sellaccept business at a special priceMajor Contents:1. Differential AnalysisLease or SellDiscontinue a Segment or ProductMake or BuyReplace EquipmentProcess or SellAccept Business at a Special Price2. Setting Normal Product Selling PricesTotal Cost ConceptProduct Cost ConceptVariable Cost ConceptChoosing a Cost-Plus Approach Cost Concept Activity-Based CostingTarget Costing3. Production Bottlenecks, Pricing, and ProfitsProduction Bottlenecks and ProfitsProduction Bottlenecks and PricingQuestions: (on page 203)Eye openers: all.School assignment:Problems Series A1、心不清则无以见道，志不确则无以定功。