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查尔斯狄更斯远大前程英文介绍
Great Expectations is a graphic book, full of extreme imagery, poverty, prison ships ,barriers and chains, and fights to the death. The novel received mixed reviews from critics upon its release. Thomas Carlyle spoke of "All that Pip's nonsense. Later, George Bernard Shaw praised the novel as "All of one piece and consistently truthful. Dickens felt Great Expectations was his best work, calling it "a very fine idea.
It depicts the growth and personal development of an orphan named Pip. The novel was first published in serial form in Dickens's weekly periodical All the Year Round, from 1 December 1860 to August 1861.
In October 1861, Chapman and Hall published the novel in three volumes. Dickens originally intended Great Expectations to be twice as long, but constraints imposed by the management of All the Year Round limited the novel's length. The novel is collected and dense, with a conciseness unusual for Dickens. According to G. K. Chesterton, Dickens penned Great Expectations in "the afternoon of his life and fame. It was the penultimate novel Dickens completed, preceding Our Mutual Friend.
die: 1870 buried: Westminster 威斯敏斯特Abbey in the Poet’s Corner
tombstone:
“He was a sympathiser to the poor, the suffering, and the oppressed; "
Background
The 1st phase of Great expectations
The story is divided into three phases of Pip's life expectations. The first "expectation" is allotted 19 chapters, and the other two 20 chapters each in the 59-chapter work. In some editions, the chapter numbering reverts to Chapter One in each expectation, but the original publication and most modern editions number the chapters consecutively from one to 59. At the end of chapters 19 and 39, readers are formally notified that they have reached the conclusion of a phase of Pip's expectations. In the first expectation, Pip lives a humble existence with his ill-tempered older sister and her strong but gentle husband, Joe Gargery. Pip is satisfied with this life and his warm friends until he is hired by an embittered wealthy woman, Miss Havisham, as an occasional companion to her and her beautiful but haughty adopted daughter, Estella. From that time on, Pip aspires to leave behind his simple life and be a gentleman. After years as companion to Miss Havisham and Estella, he spends more years as an apprentice to Joe, so that he may grow up to have a livelihood working as a blacksmith. This life is suddenly turned upside down when he is visited by a London attorney, Mr. Jaggers, who informs Pip that he is to come into the "Great Expectations" of a handsome property and be trained to be a gentleman at the behest of an anonymous benefactor.
The novel is set among the marshes of Kent and in London in the early to mid-1800s. The novel contains some of Dickens most memorable scenes, including its opening, in a graveyard, when the young orphan Pip is accosted by the escaped convict, Abel Magwitch.
the opening passage describes the pip's hometown,churchyard and surrounding environment. "Ours was the marsh country, down by the river, within, as the river wound, twenty miles of the sea...At such a time I found out for certain, that this bleak place overgrown with nettles was the churchyard;and that the dark flat wilderness beyond the churchyard, intersected with dykes and mounds and gates, with scattered cattle feeding on it, was the marshes; and that the low leaden line beyond, was the river; and that the distant savage lair from which the wind was rushing, was the sea;." we can see that the dark graveyard,swamp are used to symbolize that the area was a haunt of snakes. The serpent enticed eve to eat the apple. snake is symbolic crime. Magwitch represents the snake, the crime. He threatens Pip to find a file and food.Since Magwitch represents the crime, accomplice also should be punished by GOD. And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; --------3:17
Great Expectations is Charles Dickens's thirteenth novel. It is his second novel, after David Copperfield, to be fully narrated in the first person. Great Expectations is a comingof-age novel, and it is a classic work of Victorian literature.