Part OneInterpreting of Numbers个 1十10百100千1000万1, 0000亿1,0000,0000兆1,0000,0000,0000•in Chinese: (每4位数进一段)万，十万，百万，千万亿，十亿，百亿，千亿兆t rillion b illion m illion t housand汉1, 0000, 0000, 0000英兆亿万one 1ten 10hundred 100thousand 1,000million 1,000,000billion 1,000,000,000trillion 1,000,000,000,000The different basic counting units in Chinese and English:整数的口译：读-记-译1）读e.g. 54212378654391In Chinese: 54,2123,7865,4391In English: 54,/212,3/78,65/4,391整数的口译：读-记-译2）记：将英汉差异较大的数字当词汇识记：万：10 thousand十万：100 thousand千万：10 million亿：100 million or 0.1 billion百亿：10 billion千亿：100 billion or 0.1 trillion整数的口译：读-记-译3）记–数字的记录：先记录，再考虑翻译---英语数字：将thousand，million, billion直接缩写为t, m, b或一个“,”两个“,”三个“,”分别表示三个段位;例：three billion five hundred and twenty million记录为：3b 520m 或3,,,520,,---汉语数字：直接记为阿拉伯数字加上万，百万，亿或以“/”区分：例：九十四亿五千四百一十三万九千记录为：94亿5413万9千整数的口译：读-记-译4）译英译汉时：点---线法例：thirty two billion four hundred fifty seven million eight hundred twenty six thousand nine hundred and thirty-seven记录：32，457，826，937口译：32，4 / 57，82 / 6，937整数的口译：读-记-译汉译英时：线---点法例：六亿四千六百二十三万零九百四十五记录：6 / 4623 / 0945口译：6 / 46，23 / 0，945数字口译小策略★★只译数字加最高段位，再移动小数点的方法---将数字译为小数汉译英时：例：123亿9千万译：1239000百亿：10 billion123亿: 12.3 billion123亿9千万: 12.39 billion整数的口译：读-记-译英译汉时：例：Thirty five billion one hundred eighty six million three hundred fifty thousand译：Thirty five billion：350亿所有数字：351. 86350亿Skills: Figures(1) Cardinal numbers, fractions, decimals;(2) Rates/ ratios, Percentages;(3) Totals;(4) Preposition;(5) Trends(6) Comparison(7) Approximate number(7) Intensifiers & SoftenersCardinal numbers, fractions, decimalsCardinal numbers1) no plural ―s‖ after hundred, thousand,million, billion and trillion when they are part ofa number, but can be plural when on their own;e.g. $2,000,000–-2 million dollarsthousands/millions of people2) ―and‖ occurs in numbers only bet. hundreds & tens,or bet. numbers & fractions, but not others;e.g. 436--four hundred and thirty six;41/2—four and a half;3) in American English, ―and ‖ is not used after hundrede.g. 436--four hundred thirty six;Cardinal numbers, fractions, decimals Fractions:1.Ordinal numbers are used to express fractions,except for 1/2(a half), 1/4(a quarter)1/3(a third)3/4(three quarters/three fourths) 2. Fractions are treated as nouns, with a plural ending ―-s‖;1/3-a third 2/3-two thirds1/47-a fourty-seventh23/47-twenty-three fourty-sevenths1,123,456,7895/9--?3. sometimes, ―one‖ will be used to replace ―a‖, when themeasurement is very precise;1/5- one fifth4. 如果分母过大，分数可以读作：分子over 分母27/89, 12/233Cardinal numbers, fractions, decimalsDecimals:1.decimals are indicated by a ―.‖ (point) andnot by a ‖,‖;2. numbers after decimals are spoken separately;e.g. 165.96—one hundred and sixty-five pointnine six3. ―0‖ is spoken as ―zero‖, ―naught‖ or ―oh‖e.g. 19.608—nineteen point six oh eight0.608, 0.60008Rates/ratios/Percentages2:350 kph(车速)100mph（车速）5p/sq m80rpm（转速）120wpm（读速）8% pa （增长速度）20%；25‰2 to3 ; 2 in 3 ; 2 out of 350 kilometers per hour100 miles per hour5 people per square meter80 rounds per minute120 words per minute8% per annum (per year)20 per cent (百分之二十或两成)25 per mille (千分之二十五)Totals“计，达”：total, stand at, reach, arrive at, in all, all told, add up to, amount to, come to, hit, record, register1.The institution of higher learning totaled/was 1075 in 1995 in China.2. The economic growth rate of the coastal city hit/reached/arrivedat/stood at 13.4%.3. The cost added up to/amounted to $3000ph.4. She raised 30 pigs in all.5. All in all, there are 7 people present.6. The factory has 7000 people all told.7. China will record/register an economic growth rate of above 7.5% this year.TrendsSome of the most common expressions used to describe trends are set out as follows:To indicate a stable state:level off 达到平衡stay at 保持在remain stable 保持平稳freeze 冻结stagnate 停滞E.g. - Economic growth was almost certainly starting to level off.-The economy stagnated as a result of these tax measures. 这些征税措施造成了经济发展的停滞。
-Various attempts to control or freeze wages have failedTrendsSome of the most common expressions used to describe trends are set out as follows:To indicate upward movement(↗):增：rise, go up, grow, increase/noun猛增：hike, jump, shoot up, soar, skyrocket, surge/noun缓增：climb, pick up, be on the increase/rise创新高：hit a record high, scale new heights, reach the peake.g. –there is an unprecedented surge in demand.需求量空前增加。
- The government announced a 300 percent hike in bread prices.政府宣布面包加个上涨300%- The cost of the welfare system has skyrocketed.TrendsSome of the most common expressions used to describe trends are set out as follows:To indicate downward movement(↘)降：fall, go down, drop, reduce, decline, decrease/noun猛降：plummet, plunge, slash,tumble稍降：dip(below), slip, trim缓降：be on the decline/decrease创新低，跌入谷底：hit a record low/hit the bottome.g. – the price of waste paper plummeted.废纸的价格暴跌。