初一年英语培优班（词法补充材料）班级：座号：姓名：________Unit11. fine, nice, good与well的区别1) fine侧重于表示①“_____________”，②天气“________”、还可表示“质量精细”等意，语气比good重。

如：①—How is your grandma？你奶奶身体如何？—thank you．②．2) nice着重强调人们的感觉，①“漂亮的”、②“美妙的，令人愉快的”、③“美味的”等意思。

也可表示④“友善的”。

如： The chicken is nice，and I like it very much．这鸡肉_______________。

The music sounds nice. 这音乐听起来______________。

You look nice in that new coat. 你穿上那件新外套看起来___________。

Roy is very nice and he often helps others. Roy非常_________ , 他经常帮助别人。

Nice to meet you．见到您很愉快。

3) good是涵义较广。

除了用于日常问候外，主要指①“人_______”或擅长…(be good at…)②“东西的质量好”或“对…有益”(be good for…)等意思。

如：His father is a good doctor．Maria is good _______ English.．蔬菜对我们的健康_________。

4) well①常用作副词，修饰动词“很好”；②也可用作形容词（仅作表语），表示“身体好”、“健康的”、“顺利的”等意；③也可作名词“水井”④还可译为“哦，好吧”等。

如：①—How is your grandma？—She is well，thanks. 她___________,谢谢。

②Wang Lan speaks English very well．王岚英语讲得___________。

③Well, let’s get started. __________，我们开始吧。

④We can get some water from the old well.我们可以从那旧________ 取些水。

练习：①He’s a ________ teacher. He teaches very___________②_________ evening.③Maria’ s father cooks _________ dishes.2. no与not的区别1) no①作为yes的反义词,用在回答问题的场合,表示“不”的意思.Do you live near here? ________, I don't．②当no用作形容词时,可直接放在名词之前，表示“没有”相当于not any/aHe has ________ friends here.= He ________ _______ any friends here.2) not 常放在①be动词am，is ，are后；②can, will 等情态动词后;③do, does等助动词后练习：①Can you see me? _______，Ｉ_______．②I can’t see any trees .(改为同义句)Ｉ_____________________________3. too的用法①表示"也"放句末；②表示“太…”，后接形容词或副词too… to do(太…而不能…)。

①Peter is from Canada。

Jane is from Canada，________.②Oh, this coat is__________ ____________. Do you have a big one?③The old man is ________ old _______ work.这老人太老了工作不了了。

4.very, very much与much的区别1) very “很；非常”用于修饰形容词或副词。

He’s very cute.The man drives very fast（很快)2) much“很多；非常”①用于修饰不可数名词（有别于many）Don’t drink too _______ coffee.②修饰动词时=very much I如：I miss you much.3) very much“非常”修饰动词,常放于句末，可以与a lot互换,I like math________ _______/______ _______.5.one 的用法除了表示数量“一”外，①还可当代词用于代替说话人前面说的名词；--Who has a dictionary?Mary has _______.The apples in this box are bigger than in that box.这箱子了的苹果比那箱子里的________更大。

②表示说话人说的某个不确定的人或事物，他和人谈话就像个老师似的。

6. family的用法family①指家庭时是一个整体概念,是单数,比如The family _________(be) a happy one.这家庭是个幸福之家。

②而当family指家人(成员).时本身就是复数,谓语动词也用_________.My family___________(be) all happy. His family _________(live) in Quanzhou.7. class的用法①班级There are 8 ___________(class) in our grade.②同学们（本身就是复数）Good evening，___________(class).③课；课堂Don’别__________ 讲话。

④级别；等级；8. in的用法①在…里Where’s your eraser? It’s _____ my desk.②用（语言）用中文)?③穿着He’s _____________________________.（穿着一件绿色夹克衫）④在家（be in）My parents are not _______ now.(=at home)⑤参加--What would you like to be _______? --The high jump(跳高).9. Chinese 当形容词“①_______②_________”当名词有①“_______”②“________”(Japanese用法一样)English当形容词“英国（人）的”当名词只有“______”的意思，没有“英国人”之意因此要表达英国人时得说: Englishman, Englishwoman, English boy/_________ girl.（French用法一样）判断句子的正误：He is Chinese. ( ) He’s a Chinese. ( )She’s English. ( ) She’s an English. ( )She’s an English woman. ( )10. please的用法：①“_________”Please give me some bread.放句_____(please后接动词_________)Give me some bread，please. 也可放句______。

②“__________________”The food pleased me and I had a lot of food.It is hard(难) to please her.3) pleased 是形容词“_______”“满意的”Tom is___________ with the new bike.pleasant是形容词“令人愉快的”It’s a__________ trip(旅游).pleasure是名词“令人愉快的事”—Thanks a lot. – It’s my__________.11. help的用法当名词（不可数）Thanks for your _________.当动词①如：I often help my mom_______ the housework.(家务).②He often helps me__________________(买些食物).③或者help sb. to do sth买些食物)12. let的用法①接动词_______)Let me _______(have) a look.②Let’s = let___________Let’s go shopping.= ________ _________ _________ ____________13. say, speak ,tell 与talk 的区别1)speak “说”、“讲”,宾语常是表示语言的词. 强调说话能力。

例如：①Do you ________ ___________?你说汉语吗?②The baby is only ten months old, he can not ____________.2)say一般强调说话的内容,指有连贯性的说话.例如：What does he _________ in the letter?She can see a card on her desk, it says：“Happy birthday!”（写着）“生日快乐!”3）tell常用做及物动词①“告诉”②“讲诉”③“鉴别；分清”.例如：Could you please________ me your phone number?The old man often tells me stories(故事)这个老人经常_________ 故事给我听。

Peter can’t tell right from wrong(错误) Peter不能_________ 正确与错误（是非）。

4）talk “说话”、“谈话”“谈论”强调双方交谈。

（这词还没学，先认一认）表示“与某人交谈”时,后面可以用介词to或with。

如：He often ______＿＿＿／＿＿＿＿（与．．．谈话）his parents.表示“谈论某事或某人”时,介词用about.例：We often _______ ________(谈论)breakfast.找规律：通过以下几个表达你发现什么？①say to sb. ②speak to sb.③talk to/ with sb.④tell sb.后面接人时除了__________是及物动词_______ 直接+人外，其他的都是_______ 动词都需要加介词______________才可以+人。