棕榈油
Crude Palm Oil 原棕油
Storage 储藏 (100% Feed CPO) 热能 回收 Heat Recovery ( 1% ) 蒸气 加热 Steam Heating ( 3% - 5% ) 蒸馏脂肪酸 Heat Recovery 热能 回收
Loss
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FROM CONSUMERS’ COMPLAINTS 有关客户投诉的答复
- What is the best temperature in using RPO for frying noodle? 利用33度棕榈油(RPO)炸制面条时的最佳温度? - What is temperature to maintain in tanks and trucks so as not to affect the quality of oil? 为保障在贮藏和运输时油的质量,温度应如何控制? - What should one do if oil turns off-specs? 油的特性发生变化后应该如何处理? - Is it possible to use SST for instant noodle since MP between SST and RPO is only few deg difference and the rest of specs can be same 是否可以利用软440度(SST)做方便面,因为软44度(SST)和330度棕榈 油(RPO)的溶点相差无几,并且其余的特性相同? - What is the duration of fresh RPO quality before it becomes off-specs and how to minimize quality problem (this is important because blended RPO will be transfer to rented shore tanks in other areas for better sales purposes) 新鲜的33度棕榈油(RPO)多久会变质?如何降低变质的可能?(因为销 售的原因,混合33度棕榈油(RPO)常常经过运输并且贮藏在租用的储 存罐内,这个问题尤为重要)
过滤
Filtration
Second Fractionation 第二度分解
空气 挤压
Air Squeezing
RBD Palm Stearin
To Storage (Solid phase at filtration temperature) ( 20% - 22 % 44 度) 精炼棕榈硬脂 储藏 (过滤温度下成固体状)
Here are the answers to above questions:以下是上述问题的答复:以下是上述问题的答复
a) The best temperature for frying noodle is 130-140°C of which the moisture of 130-140° noodle is removed. 炸制面条的最佳温度是130° 140° 炸制面条的最佳温度是130°-140°C,炸制过程能将面条的湿气去除。 炸制过程能将面条的湿气去除。 b) To minimized deterioration, the lowest temperature to keep the oil in liquid form is 10°C above its melting point. 10° 为降低油变坏的可能,液态油应具有的温度是不低于其溶点10° 为降低油变坏的可能,液态油应具有的温度是不低于其溶点10°C。 c) If seriously off spec. the oil has to be re-refined, for slightly off spec., or one or retwo item off spec. it can be commingled with fresh oil as long as the final food product within acceptable quality. 如果变质严重,油应当重新回炼;如果只是少量指标变化, 如果变质严重,油应当重新回炼;如果只是少量指标变化,如一到两项指标偏离 标准,可以将它同新鲜的油混合,只要最终的食品达到可接受的质量。 标准,可以将它同新鲜的油混合, 只要最终的食品达到可接受的质量。 d) SST can mixed more with palm oil than RST. Suggest trying 10-15% or more 10as long as the finish product which does not give waxy taste. 44度(SST)相比硬 度(RST)更适合与棕榈油混合使用 相比硬44 更适合与棕榈油混合使用。 软44度(SST)相比硬44度(RST)更适合与棕榈油混合使用。为避免最终产品有蜡 味,建议尝试10-15%或更高的比例。 建议尝试10-15%或更高的比例。 e) Generally speaking the RPO from good quality CPO can store for long period at lease two-three months. With additive like TBHQ the oil can stand for longer twoperiod like three month or more depend on good operation control of above (1)-(6). (1)通常来说,从高质量CPO中提取的33度棕榈油(RPO)可以存放较长时间,至少 中提取的33度棕榈油(RPO)可以存放较长时间 可以存放较长时间, 通常来说,从高质量CPO中提取的 度棕榈油 二至三个月。添加TBHQ以及采用上述的操作控制,则可存放长达三个月或久。 以及采用上述的操作控制, 二至三个月。添加TBHQ以及采用上述的操作控制 则可存放长达三个月或久。
Heat Recovery
热能 回收
过滤
Filtration
Filter aids 过滤助土 Spent Earth 土喳
Cooling
冷却
备用 槽
Buffer Tank
精炼棕榈油 RBD Palm Oil 储藏或 Storage or to 送往分解厂 Fractionation ( 94% - 96% ) Plant
THE WORLD OF PALM OIL 棕榈油的世界
棕榈油
棕榈生长知识
Oil Palm Cultivation & FFB Production
Oil Palm Industry
1. Plantation 园丘 2. Palm Oil Mills 棕榈榨油厂 3. Refineries 精炼厂 4. Specialty Fat Fractionation 特种油分提厂 5. Interesterification & Hydrogenation 脂交换与氢化 6. Oleochemical 棕榈酸化学提炼厂 7. Tocopherol - Vitamin 维生素 E
FISSION
dimers trimers epoxides alcohols hydrocarbons
Fritsch, C.W. - JAOCS 1981
棕榈油棕榈油-美好食品的伴侣
纯油 回收
HP steam Heating
高压 蒸气 加热
真空 干燥
Deaeration
Scrubbing
Prestripping
蒸气 除酸
酸量 处置
Acid treatment
Phosphoric 磷酸 Citric Acid 柠檬酸
Deodorizing
脱臭
脱色
Bleaching
Re-cycle 再循环 Bleaching Earth 漂白 土
健康油脂 - 1 : 1 : 1
卡诺拉 葵花子油 红花油 橄榄油 一般油脂 豆油 花生油 棉子油 棕榈油 多不饱和人造奶油 不饱和人造奶油 调和油 深炸油 人造奶油
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 饱和脂肪酸 不饱和脂肪酸 多元饱和脂肪酸 多元不饱和脂肪酸
RBD Palm Olein
To Storage (Liquid phase at filtration temperature) ( 78 % - 80 % 24 度) 精炼棕榈液油 储藏 (过滤温度下成液体状)
棕榈系列产品
(PO, POL, PST ,PKO ,PKE ………) ………)
毛棕榈油就是毛33℃,精炼后就是精33℃ RPO) 毛棕榈油就是毛33℃,精炼后就是精33℃(RPO) 各种产品的缩写:
steam 蒸汽 Volatiles可挥发物 可挥发物 Antioxidants过氧化物 过氧化物
ABSORPTION 吸附 AERATION
吸气
VAPORIZATION 蒸发 STEAM 蒸汽 HYDROLYSIS 水解
Oxygen氧气 氧气
FOOD 食物
OXIDATION氧化 氧化
SOLUBILIZATION 溶解 colored compounds色素 色素 food lipids食物液体 食物液体
FFA's digycerides monoglycerides FREE RADICALS
hydroperoxides conjugated dienes DEHYDRATION 干燥 HEATING加热 加热 Alcohols 酒精 aldehydes Acids酸 hydrocarbons 酸 dimers cyclic compounds
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