剑桥雅思10TEST2 PASSAGE1阅读解析1. 总体难度概括：中等2. 文章介绍：标题：tea and the industrial revolution话题：历史类3. 词汇准备： a段anthropological adj. 人类学的historian n. 史学工作者wrestle v. 斗争enigma n. 奥秘birth n. 诞生strike v. 罢工；打击；冲击b段puzzle n. 谜团factor n. 因素drive v. 推动，驱动affluent adj. 富足的criteria n. 标准【criterion的复数】sufficient adj. 足够的convinced adj. 确信的c段propose n. 提议cupboard n. 柜橱fuel v. 助燃，加速antiseptic adj. 防腐的，杀菌的property n. 性能tannin n. 单宁酸ingredient n. 配料hops n. 啤酒花succumb v. 屈从dysentery n. 痢疾eccentric adj. 奇怪的deduction n. 推理skepticism n. 怀疑论wary adj. 谨慎的admiration n. 羡慕strengthen v. 加强notable adj. 值得注意的distinguished adj. 杰出的favorable adj. 有利的appraisal n. 评价d段alight v. 偶然发现static adj. 静态的virus n. 病毒bacteria n. 细菌malaria n. 疟疾sanitation n. 卫生e段dig v. 探寻reveal v. 揭示antibacterial adj. 抗菌的agent n. 药剂preserve v. 保护malt n. 麦芽gin n. 杜松子酒f段grip n. 掌握，控制prevalence n. 流行coincidence n. 巧合clipper n. 帆船sip v. 啜饮g段forge v. 伪造futures n. 期货wheel n. 轮子4. 题型分析这篇文章是由二种题型组成，都是阅读考试中常见的题型。
段落选标题+判断题5. 题目解析1 Paragraph A: 答案为IV, 工业革命的时间和地点。
根据第一段“Why did this particular Big Bang-the world-changing birth of industry-happen in Britain? And why did it strike at the end of the 18th century?意思为：为何在英国出现？为何在18世纪出现？2 Paragraph B: 答案为VIII, 工业革命所需要的条件。
根据第二段“For industry to take off, there needs to be the technology and power to drive factories, large urban populations to provide cheap labor, easy transport to move goods around, and affluent middle-class willing to buy mass-produced objects, a market-driven economy and a political system that allows this to happen.”意思为：技术，人口，交通，富裕的中产阶级，市场经济和政治体制会有助于工业革命的出现。
3 Paragraph C：答案为VII, 英国工业革命的两个关键。
根据第三段“The missing factors, he proposes, are to be found in almost every kitchen cupboard, Tea and beer, two of the nation’s favorite drinks, fuelled the revolution.”意思为：厨房柜橱里的茶和啤酒加速了革命的出现。
4 Paragraph D: 答案为I, 人口增加原因的探寻。
根据第四段“Between about 1650 and 1740, the population in Britain was static. But then there was a burst in population growth. Macfarlane says: ‘The infant mortality rate halved in the space of 20 years, and this happened in both rural areas and cities, and across all classes. People suggested four possible causes.”意思为：1650和1740年之间人口基本没变，然后出现大的变化。
人们觉得有四种原因。
5 Paragraph E：答案为VI, 英国喝酒习惯的变化。
根据第五段“We drank bear. For a long time, the English were protected by the strong antibacterial agent in hops, which were added to help preserve the beer. But in the late 17th century a tax was introduced on malt, the basic ingredient of beer. The poor turned to water and gin and in the 1720s the mortality rate began to rise again.”意思为：之前和啤酒是因为酒中放了抗菌的药剂，但是后来对麦芽征税，所以人们改喝水和杜松子酒。
6 Paragraph F: 答案为IX, 与日本比较后得出的结论。
根据第六段“Macfarlane looked to Japan, which was also developing large cities about the same time, and also had no sanitation. Water-borne diseases had a much looser grip on the Japanese population than those in Britain.”意思为：和同时在发展大城市的日本相比，英国人得病的情况要比日本严重。
7 Paragraph G: 答案为II, 工业化和失业的恐惧。
根据第七段“Macfarlane notes that even though 17th century Japan had large cities, high literacy rates, even a futures market, it had turned its back on the essence of any work-based revolution by giving up labor-saving devices such as animals, afraid that they would put people out of work.”意思为：即使日本在17世纪出现的城市发展，文化程度高，良好发展的期货市场，仍旧恐惧人们会失业的问题。
questions 8-13 判断题8 China’s transport system was not suitable for industry in the 18th century.9 Tea and beer both helped to prevent dysentery in Britain.10 Roy Porter disagrees with Professor Macfarlane’s findings.11 After 1740, there was a reduction in population in Britain.12 People in Britain used to make beer at home.13 The tax on malt indirectly caused a rise in the death rate.8 通过in the 18th century和China定位到第二段倒数第二句。
After all, Holland had everything except coal, while China also had many of these factors.荷兰除了没有煤炭其它都有，中国也有这些因素中的很多。
文中并没有提到中国的交通系统在18世纪不适合工业发展。
所以答案为NOT GIVEN9 通过Tea and beer还有dysentery定位到第三段第二句。
Allowed urban communities to flourish at close quarters without succumbing to water-borne diseases such as dysentery. 茶叶和啤酒可以帮助战胜痢疾这样的疾病。
这里的succumb意思为屈从，所以通过上下文得知可以预防痢疾。
故答案为TRUE.10 通过Roy Porter和findings定位到第三段最后一句。
Macfarlane’s case has been strengthened by support from notable quarters-Roy Porter, the distinguished medical historian, recently wrote a favorable appraisal of his research. 通过“case has been strengthened by support和a favorable appraisal of his research”得知并非disagree, 所以答案为FALSE.11 结合1740和reduction定位到文章第四段第三局。
“Between about 1650 and 1740, the population in Britain was static. But then there was a burst in population growth.”通过分析得知reduction与a burst in population growth直接矛盾，所以答案为FALSE.12 通过used to make beer at home定位到文章第五段倒数后四句。