This procedure is expensive, and clear remission is not reported.
It can control the tumor and prevent it from growing larger.
Embolization
Embolization is a common technique used as the lone treatment option or as a precursor to surgical excision.
If the patient is young, surgery is the best option tha源自 allows total cure.
Surgical Intervention
Current techniques are highly successful with relatively low morbidity rates: Blood loss and CN neuropathies are the major complications.
Infratemporal fossa approach:
tumors involve in carotid artery and transdural tumor are far more extensive.
Radiotherapy
Gamma-knife irradiation is used in patients who are poor candidates for surgical excision or embolization due to their age or disease state or because of unacceptable morbidity.
These tumors are seen within the jugular foramen.
The demonstration of bone erosion of the jugular foramen and petrous apex is often a key finding in the diagnosis. Careful review of bone windows is necessary.
preoperative and postoperative catecholamine measures may help confirm successful resection of the lesion
Image study
A combination of contrast-enhanced CT, MRI, and angiography is ideal for proper diagnosis and localization of the tumors.
The vast majority of glomus tumors are benign and slow to grow with bone erosion.
Symptoms
Functioning tumors, which are rare, can increase risk of mortality. These active tumors secrete catecholamines, which can lead to clinical manifestations of hypertension, headaches, palpitations, and tachycardia
Surgery is the preferred method of treatment for glomus tumors.
Most paragangliomas are slow-growing and benign, radiotherapy alone or no treatment at all is preferred in elderly patients in whom the risks of surgery are relatively high and the tumor is unlikely to cause serious morbidity or mortality.
Glomus jugular tumor
Chunfu Dai M.D & Ph.D
Background
Originate from chemoreceptor jugular vein glomus jugulare tumor is arisen in the
adventitia of the dome of the jugular bulb This tumor is part of the neuroendocrine
Depending on the specific type and location of the tumor, different surgical approaches are required.
Surgical Intervention
Extensive facial recess approach
Surgical Intervention
Mastoid –neck approach:
tumors are confined to jugular foramen and may extend to the middle ear and mastoid. They do not involve the carotid artery or the intracranial compartment.
paid to all potential feeding arteries.
Contraindication
Biopsy is prohibitive for patient with glomus jugular tumor
Due potential hemorrhage
Surgical Intervention
AG
Demonstrating the feeding artery
Jugulare tumors involve higher external carotid branch vessels; the ascending pharyngeal, tympanic, and occipital arteries dominate the arterial blood supply.
Care must be taken to avoid inadvertent extracranialintracranial embolization and the subsequent the risk of stroke
Arteriovenous fistulae may be present. Rarely, the internal carotid and vertebral arteries may
contribute feeders to the neoplasms. Typically, these tumors are evaluated, with attention
MRI Contrast-enhanced CT Angiography remains of paramount
importance if the diagnosis is obscure or if embolization is planed.
CT
Glomus jugulare tumors are enhancing soft-tissue masses at the skull base, but skullbase artifact can mask their presence.
MRI
It can show intense tumor enhancement, and is a key finding in the diagnosis.
A salt-and-pepper fine vascular pattern can be seen in the tumors; this finding is suggestive of intrinsic tumor neovascularity, particularly on T2-weighted images.
Starving the lesion of its blood supply and inducing necrosis..
embolization is often used to reduce blood loss, and it has been proven to be highly effective.
Signs
Positive Brown’s sign. Aural polyp Cranial nerves
involvement
Lab tests
Routine laboratory studies are not helpful In the rare patient with functioning lesions,
system, these tumors are highly vascularized. Glomus tumors represent 0.6% of neoplasms of the head and neck
Pathology
All paraganglia are composed of chief cells (type I cells, ie, chemoreceptive cells) and sustentacular cells (type II cells, ie, supporting cells). Developmentally, both types of cells are of neuroectodermal origin; specifically, they arise from neural crest cells