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互换性与测量技术基础(王伯平)习题参考答案

《互换性与测量技术基础》习题参考答案第二章 光滑圆柱体结合的公差与配合1.孔或轴 最大极限尺寸 最小极限尺寸上偏差下偏差公差 尺寸标注孔: Φ10 9.985 9.970 -0.015-0.0300.015 Φ10 015.0030.0−−孔: Φ18 18.017 18 +0.0170 0.017 Φ18 017.00+孔: Φ30 30.012 29.991 +0.012-0.0090.021 Φ30 012.0009.0+−轴: Φ40 39.95 39.888 -0.050-0.1120.062 Φ40 050.0112.0−−轴: Φ60 60.041 60.011 +0.041+0.0110.030 Φ60041.0011.0++轴: Φ85 8584.978-0.0220.022 Φ850022.0−2. 1) X max = 0.033- (-0.098) = 0.131mm Xmin = 0 - (-0.065) = 0.065mmT f = | 0.131-0.065 | = 0.066mm 2) Y max = 0 – 0.060 = -0.060mm Y min = 0.030 – 0.041 = -0.011mm T f = | -0.060+0.011 | = 0.049mm 3) X max = 0.007- (-0.016) =0.023mm Y max = -0.018 – 0 = -0.018mm T f = | 0.023 – (-0.018)| = 0.041mm 4) X max = 0.039 - 0.002 = 0.037mm Y max = 0 – 0.027 = -0.027mm T f =|0.037 – (-0.027)| = 0.064mm 5) X max = 0.074 – (-0.140) = 0.214mm X min = 0 - (-0.030) = +0.030mmT f =| 0.214 – 0.030 | = 0.184mm 6) X max =0.009 – (-0.019) = 0.028mm Y max = -0.021 – 0 = -0.021mm T f =| 0.028 – (-0.021) | = 0.049mm3. (1) Φ50)(7f )(8H 025.0050.0039.00−−+ X max = 0.089mm X min = 0.025mm 基孔制、间隙配合 (2)Φ80)(10h )(10G 0120.0130.0010.0−++ X max = 0.250mm X min = 0.010mm 基轴制、间隙配合 (3)Φ30)(6h )(7K 0013.0006.0015.0−+− X max = 0.019mm Y max = -0.015mm 基轴制、过渡配合 (4)Φ140)(8r )(8H 126.0063.0063.00+++ Y max = -0.126mm Y min = 0mm 基孔制、过盈配合 (5)Φ180)(6u )(7H 235.0210.0040.00+++ X max = -0.235mm Y min = -0.170mm 基孔制、过盈配合 (6)Φ18)(5h )(6M 0008.0004.0015.0−−− X max = 0.004mm Y max = -0.015mm 基轴制、过渡配合 (7)Φ50)(6js )(7H 008.0008.0025.00+−+ X max = 0.033mm Y max = -0.008mm 基孔制、过渡配合 (8)Φ100)(6k )(7H 025.0003.0035.00+++ X max = 0.032mm Y max = -0.025mm 基孔制、过渡配合 (9)Φ30)(6n )(7H 028.0015.0021.00+++ X max = 0.006mm Y max = -0.028mm 基孔制、过渡配合 (10)Φ50)(6h )(7K 0016.0007.0018.0−+− X max = 0.023mm Y max = -0.018mm 基轴制、过渡配合 4.(1) Φ60)(9h )(9D 0074.0174.0100.0−++ (2) Φ30)(8h )(8F 0033.0053.0020.0−++ (3) Φ50)(6k )(7H 018.0002.0025.00+++ (4) Φ30)(6s )(7H 048.0035.0021.00+++ (5) Φ50)(6h )(7U 0016.0061.0086.0−−−5.∵ X min = 0.025mm, X max = 0.066mm . ∴配合公差T f =| 0.066 –0.025| = 0.041mm ,∵T f = T h + T s ,选基孔制.查表,孔为7级,轴为6级T h =0.025mm T s = 0.016mm 符合要求.∴选Φ40)(6f )(7H 025.0041.0025.00−−+。

验算:X max =0.025 – (-0.041) = 0.066mm; X min = 0 – (-0.025) = 0.025mm . 符合题意。

6.(1)∵ T f =|X max -X min |=|0.086-0.020|=0.066mm, T f = T h + T s ∴查表选T h = T s =0.033mm. 8级公差。

基孔制H8,根据X min 查表选轴为f8,∴选Φ25)(8f )(8H 020.0053.0033.00−−+。

验算X max 、X min 后符合要求。

(2)∵T f =|Y max -Y min |=|0.076-(-0.035)|=0.041mm,T f = T h + T s ∴查表选T h 为7级,T s 为6级,基孔制H7,根据Y min 查表选轴为u6,∴选Φ40)(6u )(7H 076.0060.0025.00+++验算Y max 、Y min 后符合要求。

(3) ∵T f =|X max -Y max |=|0.046-(-0.032)|=0.078mm , T f = T h + T s ∴查表选T s 为7级,T h 为8级,基轴制h7,根据X max 和Y max 查表选孔为K8,∴选Φ60)(7h )(8K 0030.0014.0032.0−+− 。

验算X max 、Y max 后符合要求。

7. ∆l =250(a 黄铜+a 玻璃)Δt =250×(19.5×10-6+8×10-6)×(20+50)=0.048mm, 查表Φ50)(7f )(8H 025.0050.0039.00−−+, 0.039-(-0.050)+0.048=0.137mm ,0-(-0.025)+0.048=0.073mm ∵0.137>0.075mm, ∴原设计Φ50H8/f7配合不合适。

重选为:0.075-0.048=0.027mm, 0.009-0.048=-0.039mm, 装配时的间隙量应为-0.039~0.027mm 之间, ∴选Φ50)(6n )(8H 033.0017.0039.00+++ 验算后满足要求。

8. Δl =295×[22×(150-20)+12×(100-20)]×10-6=0.181mm; 0.04+0.181=0.221mm, 0.097+0.181 =0.278mm ∴装配间隙应为0.221~0.278mm,T f =|X max -X max |=|0.278-0.221|=0.057mm, T f = T h + T s∴查表选孔为7级,轴为6级,基孔制H7,根据X min 查表选轴(活塞)为b6,选Φ95)(6b )(7H 220.0242.0035.00−−+。

验算后基本满足要求。

第三章 测量技术基础1. 29.875-1.005-1.37-7.5=20 用4块量块组合;48.98-1.48-7.5=40 用3块量块组合; 40.79-1.29-9.5=30 用3块量块组合; 10.56-1.06=9.5 用2块量块组合。

2. 20-0.002=19.998mm3. 调零误差+0.0005mm ,修正值-0.0005mm ,塞规实际尺寸20+0.006-0.0005=20.0055㎜。

4. 20001.01r =δ=0.00005;30001.02r =δ=0.000033;δr2<δr1,第二种测量方法精度高。

5. L =30.741mm ,14301151N 1i 2i =−=′∑=υσ=1.464µm, δlim =±3σ'=±4.392µm6. L =20.0005mm 41'L =σ=0.5µm L =L ±3'L σ=20.0015±0.0015mm7. L = L 1+L 2+L 3 =20+1.005+1.485=22.485mm23L lim 2322L lim 221L lim 21Llim L L 2L L L L δδδδ⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛∂∂+⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛∂∂+⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛∂∂±= 222223.013.013.01×+×+×±== ±0.5µm ∴L =22.485±0.0005mm 8. N =A 1-A 21A N1=∂∂12A N −=∂∂ 255)1(512222N lim ±=×−+×±=δµm 9.230308952h h 8L R 22+×=+==52.60mm 2h lim 22L lim 2Rlim h R L R δδδ⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛∂∂+⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛∂∂±=2h lim 2222L lim 2h 8L 21h 4L δδ⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛−+⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛±= 222222002.030895210025.030495×⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛×−+×⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛×±==±0.002mm R =52.60±0.002mm10. 1)2d 2d L L 211++=21L lim 2122d lim 2221d lim 21Llim L f d f d f δδδδ⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛∂∂+⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛∂∂+⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛∂∂±=22222260140214021×+×⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛+×⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛±==±66.332µm ; 2)2d 2d L L 212−−=222222Llim 40214021701×⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−+×⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−+×±=δ=±75.498µm ;3) 2L L L 21+= 2222L lim 70216021×⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛+×⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛±=δ=±46.098µm第四章 形状和位置公差及检测1. a )公差带是距离为0.02mm 的两平行平面之间的区域;b )公差带是直径为0.02mm 的圆柱面内的区域;c )公差带是距离为0.02mm 且平行于基准A 的平行平面之间的区域。

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