Prologue
April is the cruelest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain. Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow, feeding A little life with dried tubers.
IV. Death by Water
After the torchlight red on sweaty faces After the frosty silence in the gardens After the agony in stony places The shouting and the crying Prison and place and reverberation Of thunder of spring over distant mountains He who was living is now dead We who were living are now dying With a little patience (P. 162: ll. 322 - 30)
专题一
设计: 俊
传统与现代： 跨越世纪的两座丰碑
T. S. Eliot receiving the Nobel Prize for literature, December 1948.
第3课
T. S. 艾略特 Thomas Stearns Eliot
T. S. Eliot receiving the Nobel Prize for literature, December 1948.
V. What the Thunder Said
What is that sound high in the air Murmur of maternal lamentation Who are those hooded hordes swarming Over endless plains, stumbling in cracked earth Ringed by the flat horizon only What is the city over the mountains Cracks and reforms and bursts in the violet air Falling towers Jerusalem Athens Alexandria Vienna London (P. 163: ll. 366 - 76) Unreal
I. The Burial of the Dead
Shall I at least set my lands in order? London Bridge is falling down falling down falling down Poi s’ascose nei foco che gli affina Quando fiam ceu chelidon — O swallow swallow Le Prince d’Aqitaine a la tour abolie …
心中有数
1888. 9. 26. 1948. (50) 1965. 1. 4. (76) 2.
英国，伦敦，西敏寺 哈佛大学 美国，密苏里州，圣路易斯
文学散步
名人档案
毕业学校：哈佛，巴黎，牛津. 主修科目：哲学，印度哲学. 语言能力：英文，法文，德文， 拉丁文，希腊文，梵文. 最得意：《荒原》的发表. 最动人：照顾患精神病的妻子海渥特. 他的贵人：庞德.
(P. 161: ll. 1 - 7)
I. The Burial of the Dead
Unreal City, Under the brown fog of a winter dawn, A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many, I had not thought death had undone so many, Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled, And each man fixed his eyes before his feet. (P. 159: ll. 60 - 65)
通识拓展
能量子
光子
俊推荐
艾略特的诗歌虽然难懂，但是苦涩有时也 是一种美，尝试进入大师的文字王国吧… 向你介绍以下诗篇： 1.<普鲁弗洛克的情歌>，艾略特. 裘小龙译. 3. <荒原>，艾略特. 裘小龙译.
I. The Burial of the Dead
The general theme is sex without love, especially within marriage.
II. A Game of Chess
It depicts, among other things, the horror of loveless sex outside marriage.
荒原难懂
(1) 运用蒙太奇的剪接手法和拼贴技法. (2) 丰富且复杂的象征. (引经据典, 旁征博引) (3) 跨越时空界限, 古今熔为一炉. (意象或跳跃或重叠, 场面衔接突兀) (4) 意象新奇怪诞, 语言复杂多变. (口语, 土语, 书面语, 古语, 外国语)
通 识 拓 展
时代之交：神对人的让位
III. The Fire Sermon
Death of sailors who are supposed to spread the rites of fertility in the world is not only a painful irony but an indication that hope for salvation is further deferred.
创作分期
第一时期：1915-22 (27-34) 通往荒原的历程.
普鲁弗洛克的情歌 The Love Song of Alfred Prufrock 一位夫人的画像 Portrait of a Lady 窗前晨景 Morning at the Window
创作分期
第二时期：1922-25 (34-37) 打开荒原之门.
IV. Death by Water
Death of sailors who are supposed to spread the rites of fertility in the world is not only a painful irony but an indication that hope for salvation is further deferred.
艾略特的诗
* * * * 冷峻的意象 迂回的隐喻 丰富的典故 写物质文明给现代人造成的孤独感和失望情 绪 * 客观对应物 * 新批评 New Critics * 意象派 Imagism
诗行片段
Morning at the Window
They are rattling breakfast plates in basement kitchens And along the trampled edges of the street I am aware of the damp souls of house maids Sprouting despondently at area gates. The brown waves of fog toss up to me Twisted faces from the bottom of the street, And tear from a passer-by with muddy skirts An aimless smile that hovers in the air And vanishes along the level of the roofs.
现代主义与后现代主义
现实主义： 到有太阳的地方去！ 现代主义与后现代主义： 发现太阳只是一堆碎片！ * 重新整合太阳，嘲笑自己，急虑不安 ——现代主义 * 习惯破碎的太阳，嘲笑一切，让绝望滚蛋 ——后现代主义
意象派诗歌
* * * * * 直接呈现所观察到的事物, 不作任何解释. 用简洁,明晰的语言创造出鲜明,含蓄的意象. 一连串意象的直接并置. 白描的语言. 意象派的创始人: 庞德 Ezra Pound In a Station of the Metro The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petal on a wet, black bough.
荒原
The Waste Land
空心人
The Hollow Men
创作分期
第三时期：1930 (42) 转向宗教的怀抱.
圣灰星期三
Ash Wednesday
四个四重奏
Four Quartets
A journey to the Waste Land
“Nam Sibyllam quidem Cumis ego ipse oculis vidi in ampulla pendere, et cum illi pueri dicerent: Σίβίυλλα τί θέλεις; respondebat illa: αποθανειν θέλω.” For Ezra Pound il miglior fabbro
Eliot’s poems
The charm of Eliot’s poetry ties not only in the images but also in the mellow cadence he has created. One only has to read aloud “Ash Wednesday” or “The Hollow Men” to appreciate that special charm. “The Waste Land” and “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” and two main poems in his canon. The latter was written earlier, but for a better understanding of Eliot’s vision and style, we begin with “The Waste Land”.