杰克和老板吵了一架就辞职了 After he quarreled with his boss, Jack quit. After he had a quarrel with his boss, Jack quit.
5.静态-ADJ&ADV.IN PLACE OF VERBS
❖使用动词的同源形容词与弱化动词相结合的方式表达动词的意义
英汉语言对比 静态与动态
英语—静OR动？
1. Admittance Free 免票入场
2. Out of Bounds 游客止步
3. No Admittance Except on Business 闲人免进
4. Danger of Death – High Voltage! 高压危险！
英语-静态STATIVE
3.静态-PREPARATION- PROMINENT
❖ 英语常用介词短语代替动词短语，即“以静代动”
1）他们立刻出动去追击敌人。 They immediately set out in pursuit of the enemy. 2）有人给他撑腰。 He has someone behind him. 3)他在读书。 He is at his books. 4)机器正在运行。 The machine is in operation 5) 说完这些话，她便走开了。 With these words, she went away.
4.静态- VERB- WEAKEN
❖动词虚化： 把动词转化或派生成名词,置于虚化动词(have, make, take, do)之后做其宾语,如have a look, take a walk, make attempts, pay visits, do some damages, put up a proposal
2.静态-TO USE AGENTIVE NOUNS IN PLACE OF VERBS
❖使用施事名词代替动词
1) 他能吃能睡 He is a good eater and a good sleeper 2) 他既不抽烟，也不喝酒。 He was a nonsmoker and a teetotaler. 3)他失业以后，就很不合群了。 Since he lost his job, he's been a loner.
3.静态-PREPARATION- PROMINENT
❖动词/形容词/副词<名词+介词>
Arouse Meet Decide Finish Study Consider allow
give rise to make contact with arrive at a decision bring to a conclusion undertake a study of take into consideration afford an opportunity to
我怀疑他是否还活着 I am doubtful whether he is still alive( doubt, live) 医生同情他的病人 The doctor felt sympathetic with his patients(sympathize)
1.静态-NOMINALIZATION
❖名词化主要指用名词（短语）来表达原来属于动词（短语）所表达的 信息，如用抽象名词来表达动作、行为、变化、状态等。
医生迅速到达，并非常仔细地检查了病人，因此病人很快就康复了。 The doctor arrived extremely quickly and examined the patient uncommonly carefully; the result was that he recovered very speedily. The doctor's extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very spr is a far more careful and industrious inspector than human beings. 计算机比人检查的更细心、更勤快。 5) I used to be a bit of a fancier myself. 过去我常常胡思乱想。
3.静态-PREPARATION- PROMINENT
❖动词/形容词/副词<名词+介词>
Experiment Investigate
Kind Unusual Certain Because Twice therefore
▪ carry out experiments ▪ conduct an investigation into ▪ of a kindly nature ▪ of an unusual character ▪ beyond the shadow of a doubt ▪ due to the fact that ▪ on two separate occasions ▪ in view of the foregoing circumstances
4.静态- VERB- WEAKEN
❖动词的弱化：使用动词意味最弱的to be, 包括it be, there be, must be, maybe, should have been
一场热带风暴袭击了佛罗里达东海岸 A tropical storm lashed the east coast of Florida. There was a tropical storm off the east coast of Florida
▪because the surface of the retina is spherical ▪because of the sphericity of the retinal surface
▪something is near the nucleus ▪something occupies a juxtanuclear position