2019年高考英语语法填空真题汇编(精选真题试卷+详细解题技巧与过程，值得下载打印练习)一、语法填空（共4题；共40分）1.（2018•卷Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal runners live three years________(long) than non-runners You don't have to run fast or for long________(see)the benefit You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ________（die）early by running.While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be)more effective at lengthening life ________walking ,cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ________(cause).The best exerc ise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ……It's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces to ________(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always________(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits other sports, so perhaps we should all give ________a try.【答案】longer；to see；dying；is；than；that/which；causes；strengthen；energetic；it/running【考点】语法填空【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，谈论跑步带来的好处。
⑴longer 考查形容词的比较等级。
空后有than, 故此处用比较级longer。
⑵to see 考查非谓语动词。
句意：你不必快跑或跑很长的距离才会看到益处，此处to see the benefit 作结果状语。
故答案为to see。
⑶dying 考查非谓语动词。
空前有介词of, 介词后出现动词，只能用这个动词的动名词形式作宾语。
故答案为dying。
⑷is 考查动词的时态和语态。
句意：虽然经常跑步不能使你永远活着，但是评论说经常跑步在延长生命这方面比步行更有效。
此处用一般现在时表示客观事实，it是第三人称单数，故答案为is。
⑸than 考查连词。
句中it指代running, 空后是walking,都是动名词，再根据句意：虽然经常跑步不能使你永远活着，但是评论说经常跑步在延长生命这方面比步行更有效，故填连词than。
⑹that/which 考查定语从句。
空处为关系代词作定语从句的主语，先行词为a study, published in 2014是过去分词短语作a study的定语，定语从句没有紧跟在先行词后，属于定语从句的隔离现象。
故答案为that/which.⑺causes 考查名词单复数。
cause(原因，起因)是可数名词，前面有all,all 后可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词，接可数名词要用复数。
故答案为causes.⑻strengthen 考查词性转换。
空前有不定式符号to, 所以此处应该填strength的动词形式。
故答案为strengthen。
⑼energetic 考查词性转换。
根据前面的is cheap,easy,所以后面的is 后也应为形容词energetic此处意思应为“有效的，效果显著的”，主语不是人，不能翻译为“精力充沛的”。
故答案为energetic。
⑽it/running 考查代词give it a try 试一试，为固定短语，根据上文，此处it指代running。
故答案为it/running。
【点评】语法填空题要求考生在特定的语境中，根据所提供的词汇和空格进行合乎形式、意义和逻辑的判断，既考查考生对基本词汇及语法的掌握，又考查其在具体语言环境中运用语言的能力。
考点主要涉及到比较级（第一空）、非谓语（第二、三空）、主谓一致（第四空）、副词（第五空）、从属连词（第六空）、名词复数（第七空）、词形变化（第八、九空）、代词（第十空）等。
2.（2018•卷Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country________（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over________past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is________(actual) behind the change. An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise. The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice________(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water________rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased________(pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total________(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government________ (start) a soil-testing program ________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons ofcarbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.【答案】has grown；the；actually；to improve；than；pollution；global；started；that/which；feeding 【考点】语法填空【解析】【分析】本文谈论中国人们饮食的变化，其根本原因是政府引导人们多种植玉米来减少因种植水稻时使用化肥而对水质产生的污染。
⑴has grown.考查谓语动词的时态。
由句中的时间状语since 2011可知用现在完成时，主语the country 是单数，故答案为has grown。
⑵the 考查冠词的用法。
句意：在过去的25年，玉米的产量增长了差不多125%，而水稻只增长了7%。
短语：in the past …years在过去的…年，故答案为the。
⑶actually 考查形容词副词的转换。
句意：对肉的喜爱实际上是变化背后的原因。
此处修饰动词，所以将形容词actual变为副词，故答案为actually。
⑷to improve 考查不定式作目的状语。
句意：政府鼓励农民种玉米而不中水稻，是为了改善水质。
此处作目的状语，故答案为to improve。
⑸than考查连词的使用。
句意：玉米的用水比水稻要少，并且产生化肥的径流量要少。
由句意结合比较级less可知此处构成前后比较的关系，故答案为than。
⑹pollution 考查词性转化。
句意：这种转换减少了国家的一些主要湖泊里的污染。
此处是及物动词decrease的宾语，所以用名词，故答案为pollution。
⑺global 考查词性转换。
句意：根据世界银行统计，中国占全球化肥消耗的30%。
此处修饰名词fertilizer consumption，所以用形容词，故答案为global，全球的。
⑻started 考查时态。
句意：在2005年，政府发起了一个土壤检测活动，这向农民推荐了具体的化肥的使用。