高考高频动词及短语2012年10月3日1，add(1)If you add 5 to 5,you get 10.把…加到…上面(2)This will add to trouble．增加(3)His whole school education added up to no more than one year ．2break (v.)break downbreak in 强行进入，插嘴，break into破门而入，打断break into tears / laughterbreak off突然停止（中断），打断，break out（战争火灾瘟疫）爆发，break through 突破，打破break up分手断绝关系；驱散；婚姻的破裂解体；Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances．The Second World War broke out in September 1939．After midnight，the party broke up．I broke up the candy and gave each child a small piece．Our brave soldiers broke through the enemy’s defense line．3，bring (v.)bring about 引起= cause=lead to =contribute to=give rise to=result inbring down 使倒下；击落bring forth 引起，使产生bring in 引进；赚钱；收获bring on 使发生，引起bring out 显示出激发（优秀品质）；阐明，出版bring sth to an end 结束=put an end to sthbring up抚养，培养；提出；呕吐，(1)He brought about a quarrel between his parents．She made every effort to bring about a peaceful solution to the problem．The sale brought in over$200．Dirt often brings on disease．The fine weather is bringing the crops on nicely．Joe was born in Texas but brought up in Oklahoma．He was so ill that he brought up everythingPlease bring forward the topic at the next meeting．4，Call(v.)call at (a place)=drop in at a placecall on sb=drop in on sbcall for要求，需要；call in 来访；请来call up 给…打电话；使想起（往事）call off 取消，把…叫开(1)The trouble calls for quick action by the government．(2)1 will call for you at five o’clock．(3)We called for the packages at the post office．(4)I formed the habit of calling in on him in the evenings．(5)Your father was ill，you should call in a doctor at once．(6)People don’t like being called names.(7)They’ve called off the game because of the thick fog．The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and to help clear the roads and paths．5，carry(1)He had learned enough German to carry on a conversation．(3)I was chosen to carry out our experiment．(4)He did not carry out his promise to us．6，cover(1)They covered 12 miles yesterday．(2)How many pages have you covered?(3)The city covered ten square miles．(4)The professor's talk covered the subject．(5)The mountain was covered with snow all the year round。

(6)The best reporters were sent to cover the 27th Olympic Games．7，Come(v.)come about 发生，造成come across /upon（无意中）碰到，找到，想到，come out出版，发行；come up with想出come into being/ existencecome to a conclusion (decision)How did the accident come about?I came across this book in all old bookstore on the Fourth Avenue．The bill comes to$5．(13)When it comes to mathematics，I know nothing about it (14The robbery did not come to light until the next day．(15)The question hasn't come up yet．(16)come to oneself苏醒过来／come to an end结束／comeinto effect(force)生效8，diedie away 尤指声音、风、光）渐渐消失die down （物质特性和感情的）逐渐减弱，逐渐平息die off (一群生物)相继死去die out 灭绝, 死绝废除die for sth. / to do sth. 迫切想得到某物/想做某事die from死于……(除疾病或情感以外的原因)die from an accident／the polluted air／a bad habit/lack of waterdie of死于……(指疾病、情感、饥寒、年老The wind has died away . 渐渐平息It is thought that between the years 1 550 and 1950 an average of one kind of living thing died out9，dodo sb. a favour 帮个忙=do a favor for sbdo / try one’s best 尽力，竭力do up 收拾，整理;;打扮;包do with 处理，对付；将就用have sth (nothing)to do with和…有（无）关do without 不用，不吃，Will it do if we let you have an answer by Friday?Let’s do up this loom first．整理，收拾Mary has done herself up for the part梳妆打扮Please do up these books and post them for Mr．Smith．10，get (v.)get across使某人理解get sth across to sbget around消息新闻传开；四处走动；劝说；应付get down to doing开始认真（做某事）get into the habit of 染上…的习惯get in插话~a word；收进去~clothes，收集；请来get in touch /contact with sb.get on well with 与……相处融洽get along with sb.与某人相处get over 克服；摆脱（疾病等）get rid of摆脱，除掉get through完成~doing；通过（考试）；度过；（电话）接通；使某人理解get it through to sbThe operator finally got me through．John has got through the examination．I’ll be with you as soon as I get through this work．The story has got round--everybody knows about it．My work is getting along better now．She didn’t get away until nine last night．Don’t you think it's time we got down to business?11，give (v.)give out用完,耗尽；分发give away捐赠；颁发分发；泄露(机密),give way to 让位给, 转而成为give rise to 引起give in 让步，屈服，交上来give off发出光热He gave away most of his fortune to the poor．They suspected(怀疑)that the secret had been given away by one of their friends．Please give my regards／greetings／love／wishes／thanks to Miss Smith．It was given out that the Prime Minister had died suddenly．I’ve given up smoking,．12，go vi. 去；离开；link-v. go + adj. 变为go around (疾病)流传, (谣言)传开go against违背，对……不利go all out to do sth.全力以赴做……go bad （食物）变坏、坏掉go beyond 超出，超越go by时间流逝；经过；根据……行事go Dutch 各付各的钱，打平伙go in for从事（某种职业或工作）；go out出去；熄灭；过时go through仔细检查，成功The black hair was going grey．How does the old saying go?News of the plane crash went around like wildlife．Time went by quickly．He always likes to go back to his younger days．13，holdShe held back，not knowing what to do or say．Don’t hold anything back，you must tell me everything．I made my choice and l will hold on to the end．Could he hold out in spite of the difficulty?hold office 任职／held one’s positionA lot of cars were held up in the accident.14，look（v.）look up to 尊敬look forward tolook into 研究，调查look over （仔细）检查look up 查找，上涨，I've been looking into this matter this afternoon.Look up the word in the dictionary.1 want to look my uncle up sometime.15，Letlet alone (用于表示接着提到的事更不可能) 更不用说, let sb.down使某人失望let out放出, 释放16，pay(1)Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter.参观(2)It’s high time he paid me back the$100 he owes me.偿还(3)How much did you pay for the book?为……而付款(4)I'll pay off my debt with this check.还清, 值得17，promiseIt promises to be fine tomorrow.The rainbow promises fine weather18，pickpick up 拾起, 拿起; (偶然)买到; 得到, 染上; (非正规地)学会; (取)某物, 接(某人)上车;(1)She picked up the little book and gave it to him．(2)He has picked up some bad habits at that club．(3)He picked up French while he was staying in Paris．(4)Pick me up at the hotel．(5)This room must be picked up before the guests arrive．(6)The class picked up the story where they had left it．(7)We picked up the radio signals on our receiver．(9)Can you pick out your brother in the crowd?19，makemake a difference 有关系,有make no differencebe made of/be made from/be made up of/make one’s living维持生活make out看清楚，看出，make it a rule 总是…，使成为习惯make one’s way to（out of）向… 走去make ends meet 应付开支，量入为make room (for)让地方，让位置make sense有道理，好懂，make sense of 理解make sure that．．．弄肯定，make up创造，编造；弥补打扮make up for弥补make up one’s mind to do sth.打定主意，决定，决心make use of 利用make the best of sth.make for向…走去/冲去,Both husband and wife had to work to made ends meet．After years as an unsuccessful businessman，he’s finally made it．Can you make out what that object is on the other side of the valley?It isn’t difficult to make out his ideas．The explanation in the school book makes no sense, because the words were hard．We must make the most of the fine weather．Mary had to make up for the time she missed in school when she was sick, by studying very hard.The actors were making up when we arrived．The team is made up of nine players. He’s making three hundred a year．He’ll make a good lawyer．I think I could make it eight-thirty--if that’s all fight for you ．20，putput aside放下，放在一边put away收起来put down放下，写下；镇压，取缔put forward 提出，提前put into practice 付诸实施put off + doing sth.推迟，延期put on weight 发福、增加体重put out 扑灭．使熄灭；put up with忍受，容忍put up搭建；张贴；挂上；住宿，John puts ten dollars aside every week．Put aside all that has happened and try to start again．Put your books away．收起来The meeting has been put off until next week．Put the clock forward by five minutes．He put out the lamp and went out．put into effect执行，实现put into force 使生效／put into practice21，runThey run most of the stores here.The chairman ran the meeting well.Will the colors in this dress run if l wash it?running for chairmanAll our supply of food has run out .We ran out of coal，and had to burn wood.22，see to(1)I've got a lot of things to see to.(2)Who is to see to the organization of the next meeting? 23，Set （v.）set about doing 开始（着手）做set an example 作出榜样set down 放下，写（记）下set fire to=set…on fire 放火，烧着set off 使爆炸，引起，起程set out 出发，动身，开始，set up 立（支）起来，成（建）立Polonium is used to set off a nuclear bomb.(2)Let’s set up the tent first and build the fire later.(3)He set up a new record.(4)The film was set in Califoruia in the middle of the nineteenth century.24，turn(v.)turn down 拒绝，关小点turn in 上交，交进去，turn out 结果，原来（情况是），turn over 移交，打翻，翻阅，turn to 求助于，翻到，转到turn up 出席，出现，turn around/round 转过身turn away 不理睬turn a blind eye to 视而不见, 故意不理turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻(1)He was poor but proud and turned down every offer of help.(3)The teachers have to turn in the reports at the end of the school year.(4)The examination turned out (to be)easy.(5)Bob turns over most of the money he earns to his mother.(9)The missing boy turned up(12)She turned away in horror at the sight ofso much blood.(13)Because the hall was full，many people were turned away.(14)by turns轮流in turn一个挨一个地；take turns轮流(做某事)(15)If you have some questions，you can turn to your teachers for help.25，taketake after 长得像，性格等像take charge (of)负责（接管take effect开始起作用；生效take……for (to be) sth.（错）当作，以为是take……for granted认为是理所当然take it for granted that认为……理所当然take on接受，从事（工作）；take over接替(职务)；接管take to sth.喜欢；take to doing sth.喜欢做take up从事于；占据时间空间；站好位置以备；take office 就职，上任take on a new look呈现一片新面貌When he left school he took up journalism.Jean took advantage of the lunch hour to finish her homeHe seemed to take great pride in his work.26，Wordeat one’s words 承认说错了，收回自己的话have a word(a few words)with 和……说句（几句）话have words with sb. = quarrel with sb.in a word 总之in other words 换句话说keep one’s word遵守诺言beyond words无法用言语来形容word用单数并用定冠词或其它限定词意为：命令，嘱咐①The troops got the word to begin moving out.②His word is that he has gone back to Tianjin.三词以上的短语动词add up to 总计do away with 废除look down on 轻视look up to 仰望，尊敬put up with 忍受catch up with赶上keep up with 保持一致run out of 用完make up for 弥补go on with 继续get on(along) with 和……相处look forward to 盼望take hold of 握住get down to 认真开始set fire to 放火烧pay attention to 注意pay a visit to 访问take the place of 取代动词+ sb + of sth的常见动词accuse sb of sth控告某人犯某事（罪），cheat sb of sth骗取某人某物convince sb. of sth.使某人确信某事cure sb of sth治好某人的病inform sb of sth通知某人某事remind sb of sth使某人想起某情况rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某东西warn sb of sth 警告提醒某人有某情况♣ supply, provide, offer 的区别：1.表示“向某人提供某物”supply / provide sb. with sth.supply / provide sth. for sb.supply sth. to sb.offer sb. sth.2.表示“主动提出做某事”offer to do sth.4.表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.supply的常用短语in short supply 缺乏，不足medical/military supply医疗/军用品supplies of…许多♣permit与allow 的区别表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。