形式宾语
I think it his duty to clean the blackboard. Sentence patterns: … an honour a rule 2. S+ V + it + one’s duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /that 3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth. no use
形式主语 高考真题
1.It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help. 2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” 3. It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
It’s 10:08 It weighs only 3 kilos
It’s lovely It’s a large sum of money
2.2.指时间 指时间: 指时间 It was nearly midnight when she came back. So you are going to be married this time？ ？ When is it？ ？ 2.3.指环境 指环境: 指环境 It was very quiet in the café. 2.4.指距离： 指距离： 指距离 It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre. 2.5.指不知性别的人：
6. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded... ) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型， 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分 词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时， 词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从 句要用虚拟语气（ 动词原形）， ），should 句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形）， 可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令．．．） 可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令．．．） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
Who is it? ---It’s me. Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 2.6. 指某件事： 指某件事： It doesn’t matter. /It is a shame, isn’t it?
基本用法: 基本用法:
it可用来指代前文提到的人 物或事情 也可以用来 可用来指代前文提到的人,物或事情 可用来指代前文提到的人 物或事情,也可以用来 指时间,金钱 距离,天气等自然现象 金钱,距离 指时间 金钱 距离 天气等自然现象
It ____ was a sunny day. Peter decided to go it for a walk to the park, though _____ was two miles away. ___ was so comfortable to walk on It the street.
It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， ， ， ， certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导 该句型中 是形式主语，真正的主语是 的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的， 的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯 ．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 定．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
11. It is ... when ...。 。 引导的是一个时间状语从句， 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句， 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当， 主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常 译为＂ ．．．的时候 的时候， 译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂ It was 5 o’clock when he came here. 12. It be ... before ... 指时间， 该句型主句中的 it 指时间， 主句中的时态常是将 来一般时或过去时两种时态． 来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是 long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时 ， 间段的词或短语，常译为“．．．之后．．．” 之后．．． 间段的词或短语，常译为“．．．之后．．．”。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job.
Eg:
It was a sunny day. Peter decided to go for a walk to the park, though it was two miles away.
It can be used as impersonal
pronouns to talk about time, date, distance or weather and so on.
2.I would appreciate it if… 3.…see to (depend on…) it that
• Please see to it that the door is locked. • See to it that you are here on time tomorrow morning. • You may depend on it that it is true. • You may depend on it that we support you • You may depend on it that he will turn up in time.
形式宾语
Sentence patterns:
… … find possible 1. S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. /that feel important … …
…
a rule 2. S+ V + it + one’s duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /that an honour … 3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth. no use
7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中， 后的从句一般用虚拟语气（ 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动 后的从句一般用虚拟语气 词原形）， ），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟 可省去． 词原形）， 可省去 表示出乎意料，常译为＂ ＂。没有这种意义时 则不用虚拟语气。 没有这种意义时， 然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 他生病了，真遗憾！ 8. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 后的从句应该用虚拟语气， 该句型中 常用过去时态表示虚拟． 有时也用should + 动词 ① 常用过去时态表示虚拟．② 有时也用 原形， 不能省，常译为＂ 正是）．．． ）．．．的时 原形，should 不能省，常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时 侯．．．＂ It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国) A. this B. that C. it D. one 点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词( it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法 点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate等)或包含介词的 动词短语( on等 后接宾语从句, 动词短语(如see to, depend on等)后接宾语从句,必须先由 it担任形式宾语 再接从句. 担任形式宾语, it担任形式宾语,再接从句. Sentence patterns: 1.I like (enjoy, hate…) it when
Summary 2
形式宾语
The chairman thought ___ necessary to invite B Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全国) A. that B. it C. this D. him Sentence patterns: important … possible find 1.S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to feel do sth. … /that