27．III. Put the following sentences into Chinese.1. It is quite evident that the cargo was damaged before discharging because thetraces of the damage are old ones. .很明显货损是在卸船之前发生的，因为残损痕迹是旧的。

2. If there is any argument between the ship and the tallymen about the damagedcargo, we usually submit the case to the cargo surveyor for decision.如船方和理货员之间对残损火舞有争议，我们通常会将此事提交商检员。

3. Damage to the cargo on deck is often found particularly when a shipencountered bad weather.甲板货物经常发现残损特别是当船遭遇到恶劣天气的时候。

4. Though deck cargo is loaded at the shipper’s risk yet the ship has to certify thedamage condition.虽然甲板货物装船风险由发货人承担，但船方须证明货物的状况。

5. The damage occurred after discharging and before delivery to receivers shouldbe reported separately.卸船后、货交收货人前发生的货损应当分别报告。

IV. Put into English1. 很明显，由于积载不良，货物受到了损坏。

Obviously, the cargo was damaged due to improper stowage.2. 从残损的痕迹可以看出，这是原残，我们不应当负责。

We can see from the traces of the damage that it’s the original damage. So we should not be responsible for it.3. 没有必要把工残写在现场记录上，因为这与你们船方无关。

It’s not necessary to take the stevedore’s damage down on the on-the-spot record, because it has nothing to do with you.4. 我们应当将工残和原残严格地区分开来。

We should distinguish strictly the original damage with the stevedore’s damage.5. 看来，唯一的解决办法是将此事提交给商检人员决定了。

So, the only solution is to submit this case to the cargo surveyor for decision. 28．III. Put the following sentences into Chinese.1. The discharging has been finished, there is some sweepings left on the lowerhold.卸货已结束，在底舱留有一些地脚货。

2. To my knowledge, we can never use sweepings to make up for the short-landed cargo..据我所知，我们不能用地脚货物来充当短缺货物。

3. The figures of cargo discharged from respective hatches do not correspond tothose on the cargo plan.从各个舱口卸货数量与积载图不一致。

4. There some torn bags in the lower hold of Hatch No.3 which lead to theoccurrence of sweepings.5. We can’t offset the shortlanded urea bags by the sweepings bags.IV. Put into English1. 包装不良可能造成地脚货的发生。

Improper packing may lead to the occurrence of sweepings.2. 工残和原残造成的地脚货不容易区分。

It’s difficult to distinguish the sweepings caused by stevedore’s damage and original damage.3. 正确处理地脚货是理货人员的一项重要工作。

To deal with sweepings properly is an important task for tallyman.4. 本航次由于恶劣天气造成了很多破袋。

Many bags were broken in this voyage due to bad weather.5. 不能使用地脚货来抵消短缺的货物。

We can’t offset short-landed cargo by sweepings.29．III. Put the following passage into Chinese.Containerization----the packing of conventional general cargo or bulk cargo material into large, standardized, reusable containers for more efficient shipment---- is one of the most significant developments experienced in the transportation industry in many years. Improved in efficiency in cargo handling, more economical terminal operation and improved protection for cargo against weather, damage and pilferage--- all of these are made possible by the development of containerization. It may very well be the key to a whole new era in cargo transportation.IV. Put into English1. 对航运业影响最深远是集装箱运输的发展。

What influences the marine transportation deeply is the development of containerization.2. 集装箱适用于杂货，因为杂货与散货相比在形状、大小上更为多样化。

Containers are applicable to general cargo, because compared with bulk cargo,general cargo is more diverse in shape and size.3. 由于集装箱运输具有安全、经济和高效率等优点，它不仅被船东所接受，也为发货人所接受。

Because containerization has the advantages of being safe, economical and efficient, it’s not only acceptable to the ship-owner, but also to the consignor.4. 采用集装箱运输使运输变得更安全、更迅速、更准确、更经济。

The adoption of containerization has made transportation safer, faster, more accurate and more economical.5. 集装箱化运输可减少货损货差和提高货物的装卸效率。

Containerization can reduce the discrepancy and increase the loading efficiency. 30．III. Put the following Sentences into Chinese.1. Chief Officer, how many 20’ container and 40’ container are there on board?大副，船上有多少个20英尺和40英尺的集装箱？2. Are there any additional containers on board?船上有没有加载集装箱？3. Chief Officer, this container is over-length 1 meter and over-wide 1.3 meter.大副，这个集装箱超长一米，超宽一点三米。

4. We have carried some special containers, that is, 30 reefer containers and 24 flatrack containers with heavy lifts in them..我们承运了一些特殊集装箱，有30只冷藏集装箱和24只装有重大件的框架集装箱。

5. All the loaded vans are available on the marshalling yard.前方堆场的所有重箱都已经备好。

IV. Put into English1. 这航次我们要运装多少空箱？How many empty vans shall we carry this time/on this voyage?2. 注意，请把重箱装在空箱下面。

Attention please. Put the heavy vans under the empty vans.3. 装船马上就要开始了，行位图准备好了吗？The loading will start at once. Have you got the Bay plan ready?4. 这个集装箱的铅封已失落，我们不能接受，只得退关。