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儿童血友病抑制物管理_冯晓勤

处方的制定,同时指导康复治疗的合理介入,有益于改善患儿身体功能,降低再次出血和残疾的发生率,提高患儿生活质量,积极推进其回归家庭、学校和社会的进程。

参考文献[1]Chai-Adisaksopha C,Hillis C,Thabane L,et al.A systematic review of definitions and reporting of bleeding outcome mea⁃sures in haemophilia[J].Haemophilia,2015,21(6):731-735.[2]吴润晖.儿童血友病诊断与治疗[J].中国实用儿科杂志,2013,28(9):655-658.[3]Roosendaal G,Lafeber FP.Blood-induced joint damage in he⁃mophilia[J].Semin Thromb Hemost,2003,29(1):37-42.[4]Muir H.The chondrocyte,architect of cartilage.Biomechanics,structure,function and molecular biology of cartilage matrixmacromolecules.BioEssays:news and reviews in molecular[J].Cellul Developm Biol,1995,17(12):1039-1048.[5]Fischer K,Collins P,Björkman S,et al.Trends in bleeding pat⁃terns during prophylaxis for severe haemophilia:observationsfrom a series of prospective clinical trials[J].Haemophilia,2011,17(3):433-438.[6]郭晔,张磊,竺晓凡,等.儿童血友病429例临床回顾分析[J].中国实用儿科杂志,2006,21(4):292-295.[7]De la Corte-Rodriguez H,Rodriguez-Merchan EC.The role of physical medicine and rehabilitation in haemophiliac pa⁃tients[J].Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis,2013,24(1):1-9.[8]Teyssler P,TrčT,KološtováK,et al.Recurrent intra-articular bleeding episodes in haemophiliacs.Treatment outcomes in thepatients at the university hospital motol in1985-2005[J].ActaChir Orthop Traumatol Cech,2013,80(6):396-399.[9]张美英,杨朝辉,王刚.血友病性关节肌肉疾病的康复评定与治疗[J].中国康复医学杂志,2015,30(6):623-627.[10]Hoots WK,Rodriguez N,Boggio L,et al.Pathogenesis of hae⁃mophilic synovitis:clinical aspects[J].Haemophilia,2007,13(Suppl3):4-9.[11]Sun J,Hilliard PE,Feldman BM,et al.Chinese Hemophilia Joint Health Score2.1reliability study[J].Haemophilia,2014,20(3):435-440.[12]连小赟,李魁星,华宝来,等.北京地区单中心成人重型血友病A患者的三级预防治疗[J].中国医学科学院学报,2015,37(4):398-401.[13]Niu X,Poon JL,Riske B,et al.Physical activity and health out⁃comes in persons with haemophilia B[J].Haemophilia,2014,20(6):814-821.[14]Remor E,Young NL,Von Mackensen S,et al.Disease-specif⁃ic quality-of-life measurement tools for haemophilia pa⁃tients[J].Haemophilia,2004,10(Suppl4):30-34.[15]Young NL,Bradley CS,Blanchette V,et al.Development of a health-related quality of life measure for boys with haemophilia:the Canadian Haemophilia Outcomes-Kids Life Assessment Tool(CHO-KLAT)[J].Haemophilia,2004,10(Suppl1):34-43.[16]Groen WG,van der Net J,Helders PJ,et al.Development and preliminary testing of a Paediatric Version of the Haemo⁃philia Activities List(pedhal)[J].Haemophilia,2010,16(2):281-289.[17]Poonnoose PM,Manigandan C,Thomas R,et al.Functional In⁃dependence Score in Haemophilia:a new performance-basedinstrument to measure disability[J].Haemophilia,2005,11(6):598-602.[18]Riva S,Bullinger M,Amann E,et al.Content comparison of haemophilia specific patient-rated outcome measures with theinternational classification of functioning,disability and health(ICF,ICF-CY)[J].Qual Life Outcomes,2010,8(8):139-114.[19]Khair K,Littley A,Will A,et al.The impact of sport on children with haemophilia[J].Haemophilia,2012,18(6):898-905.(2016-08-12收稿)DOI:10.19538/j.ek2017010608儿童血友病抑制物管理冯晓勤【摘要】儿童血友病患者是抑制物的高发人群。

除了遗传性高危因素外,非遗传性高危因素不仅对抑制物的发生发展起着重要作用,还直接影响血友病的治疗策略。

以往回顾性分析提示,新生儿及婴幼儿时期手术、严重出血后的高强度凝血因子治疗是抑制物发生的高危因素,20暴露日(ED)之后开始预防治疗,抑制物发生风险显著降低。

目前针对高滴度、高反应性的先天性血友病抑制物的清除主要采用免疫耐受诱导(ITI)治疗,高剂量与低剂量在低危组免疫耐受诱导成功率方面相当,但高剂量组能更快达到免疫耐受,且在ITI治疗期间出血事件明显减少。

免疫调节剂并不推荐用于一线抑制物的清除治疗,但对标准ITI治疗反应不佳的高反应抑制物患者,加用美罗华可能改善ITI治疗疗效。

【关键词】血友病;抑制物;儿童;免疫耐受诱导中图分类号:R72文献标志码:AManagement of inhibitors in hemophilic children FENG Xiao-qin.Department of Pediatrics,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou510515,ChinaAbstract Hemophilic children have high incidence of inhibi⁃tor.In addition to genetic risk factors,non-genetic risk factors not only play an important role in the development of inhibitor,作者单位:南方医科大学附属南方医院儿科,广东广州510515电子信箱:fxq126126@but also directly affect the treatment strategy of hemophilia. Surgical procedures and intensive treatment for severe bleed⁃ing increased inhibitor risk.Regular prophylaxis,especially af⁃ter20exposure day,was associated with lower risk.Immune tolerance induction(ITI)to eradicate high-titre and high-re⁃sponding inhibitors is the mainstay of management.The high-dose and low-dose ITI were equally effective in inducing toler⁃ance in good-risk patients,but high-dose ITI could reduce in⁃tercurrent bleeding and achieve tolerance more rapidly than low-dose ITI.Immunomodulation is not recommended as a first-line component of ITI.Immunomodulation may be consid⁃ered in subsequent ITI attempts in patients with high-respond⁃ing inhibitors who do not respond to initial treatment.The addi⁃tion of rituximab to ITI may be useful for patients with inhibi⁃tors that are resistant to standard treatment.Keywords hemophilia;inhibitor;child;immune tolerance induction(ITI)血友病患者由于先天性基因缺陷,在胚胎期无法形成免疫耐受,接受外源性凝血因子治疗后激活机体免疫系统产生针对凝血因子的中和抗体,形成了血友病抑制物。

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