UNIT 1Section OnePart 1Spot DictationHouses in the FutureWell, I think housesin the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical(5) to run.Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advancectelevisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up …the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up, p erha ps electronic (12) sensors which will (13) recognize you when you, when you come to the front door even. Perha ps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designedan(perhaps with the (16) shortage of space people will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expanded and, and (19) contracted dep ending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'lbe a bit more (20) flexibility about that.Part 2Listening for GistA: Tuesday two fifteen. Let me look in my diary.B: No, Thursday.A: Oh, I'm sorry. I thought you said Tuesday.B: Thursday two fifteen. No, I'm sorry. I've got an appointment until three.Could we make it later? Say three fifteen?A: Well, there's a lot to talk about. It'll take a couple of hours, at least.B: Shall we say Monday morning, then?A: Monday morning. All right. Nine o'clock?B: Nine. I think that will be all right. I'll ring you back and confirm. A: All right. But ring before five, could you?B: All right.A: Right you are. Bye.B: Bye.Exercise. Directions: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This dialogue is about making an appointment2.The key words are Tuesday. Thursday. two fifteen. three fifteen.Mondaymorning. nine o'clock.Section Two Listeningcom prehensionPart 1 DialogueI'm terribly sorry I'm lateWoman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late.Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me expl ain, will you?Man: I've only been waitingfor over an hour.That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that impo rtant, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just let me exp lain.(Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a while to repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name ofthe restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car.Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late, you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?Woman: Uh ... the one near my flat. You know. Lewis Brothers.Man: Yes, I know that garage. It's the only one near your flat.Woman: Hmm, well now, let's have something to eat. Uh, what about some ...Man: I know the garage very well!Woman: Yes. Let's see now. Yes, I think I'll have some ...Man: A pity it's Sunday.Woman: Pardon?Man: A pity it's Sunday. That garage is closed on Sunday!ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.They are possibly boyfriend and girlfriend."It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?" "I've only been waiting for over an hour.That's all" "After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?""Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car."Because she wants to stop the conversation like this. 5.Because he knows the girl is lying.Part 2 PassageThe Oscar StatuetteA statuette is a very small sculpture of a person or an animal which is often displayed on a shelf or stand.Section B dictationKeywords:1. "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit"2. columnist, column3. Walt Disney, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. 1. 2. In a restaurant.3. 4.5. the Academy offices 1 Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit", but the term never stuck.2. No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, a Hollywood columnist used the name in his column.3.Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.4.If the statuettes don't meet strict quality control standards, they are immediately cut in half and melted down.5.The large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices via air express, with no identifiable markings.The Oscar statuette, designed by MGM's* chief art director Cedric Gibbons, depicts a knight holding a crusader's* sword, standing on a reel of filmwith fivespokes, signifying the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar". Industry insiders and members of the p ress called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trop hy" or "the statue of merit".The entertainment trade paper; Weekly Variety, even attem pted to popu larize "the iron man". The term never stuck.A popular story has been that an Academy librarian and eventual executive director Margaret Herrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so, and that as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as OscarNo hard evidenceexists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixthAwards Presentation in 1934, Hollywood columnist Sidney Skolsky used the name in his column in reference to Katharine Hep burn's first Best Actress win.The Academy itself didn't use the nickname officially until 佃39.Since its conce ption,the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards - with a few notable exce ptions.ln the 1930s, juvenile p layers received miniature rep licas* of the statuette; a ventriloquist* Edgar Bergen was p resented with a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth; and Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated featureSnow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of p laster. After the War, winners turned in the temporary awards for golden Oscar statuettes.The traditional Oscar statuette, however, hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the base wasmade higher. In 1945, the base was changed frommarble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettesbegan to be numbered, starting with No. 501.Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens. If they don't meet strict quality control standards, the statuettes are immediately cut in half and melted down.Each award is individually p acked into a Styrofoam container slightly largerthan a shoebox.Eight of these are then p acked into a larger cardboard box, and the large boxesare shipped to the Academy offices in Beverly Hills via air exp ress, with no identifiable markings.On March 10, 2000, 55 Academy Awards mysteriouslyvanished en route from the Windy City* to the City of Angels. Nine days later, 52 of stolen statuettes were discovered next to a Dump ster*n the Koreatown section of LosAngeles by Willie Fulgear. who was later invited by the Academy to attend theOscar 2000 ceremonies as a sp ecial guest.For eight decades,the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, and even managed to esca pe unscathed* from common thieves. Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has rep aired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals onthem to p olish them and the chemicals rubbedright through the lacquer* and into the gold," explains the company president. "Or maybepeople stored them someplacewhere they corroded." Although he stressesthat the statuette is made to endure, Siegel offers this sage advice to all Oscar winners: "If it gets dusty, simply wipe it with a soft dry cloth."Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionEvery January, the attention of the entertainment community and of film fans around the world turns to the upcoming Academy Awards, the highest honor in filmmaking. The annual presentation of the Oscars has become the Academy ofMotion Picture Arts and Sciences' most famous activity. The Oscar Statuette is a knight holding a crusader's sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listening to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.1. There were five original branches of the Academy.(Because the five spokes on the reel of film signify the original branchesof the Academy:Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.)2. The Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar" in 1928.(Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Merit wasofficially named "Oscar.")3. The Academy staff began referring to the Academy statuette as Oscarbecause Margaret Herrick said the statuette was like her uncle Oscar.(An Academy librarian and eventual executive director, MargaretHerrick, thought the statuette resembledher uncle Oscar and said so, and asa result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.)4.Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards.(There were a few notable exceptions. In 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas of the statuette and a ventriloquist Edgar Bergen gained a woodenstatuette with a moveable mouth. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes. )T 5. Oscars were made of plaster in the 1940s because of thearW.(Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster.) T 6. The manufacturer, R. S. Owens makes about 50 Oscars each year inChicago. (Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens.)F 7. 55 Academy Awards were stolen by a mysterious person en route from theWindy City to the City of Angels on March 10, 2000.(On March 10,2000,55 Academy Awards just mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels, but how and by whom was unknown.)F 8. For eighty years, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, managed to escape unscathed from common thieves and even chemical corrosion.(Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes."Maybe somebodyused chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer and into the gold." )Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. The traditional Oscar statuette hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the basewas made higher.In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, AcademyAward statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No.501.2. (Open)Section ThreeNewsNews ItemiBush-NATO-lraqMr. Bush says he hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if he decides to take military action against Iraq.All the same, the p resident says no action is likely in the near future. He says for now the focus is on imp lementing the new UN resolution that calls for a tough weap onsins pectionregime* and warns of consequence^ Iraqi leader SaddamHussein fails to com pl y*.Administration official say they expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UN resolution. They say President Bush will bring up Iraq in his bilateral meetings inPrague*, but they also say they do not believe the Iraqi threat will be the focus of the summit.In Prague, the alliance p lans to take ste ps toward the creation of a rapid deplo yment force that can p layarole in combating terrorism. The p resident said even the smallest NATO member nations can contribute something to the causeExercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and com plete the summary.This news item is about America' NATO allies.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions1.He hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if hedecides to take military action againstIraq.2.No, the president says no action is likely in the nearfuture.3.They expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UNresolution.4.The NATO summit is held in Prague.5.No, it will not be the focus of the NATOsummit.News Item2Bush-IraqPresident Bush says everyone knows the real power in Iraq lies with Saddam Hussein: "There is no democracy.This guy is a dictator and so we have to see what he says." The president says the Iraqi leaderhas a choice tomake: disarm peacefully or be disarmed by force: "If Saddam Hussein does not complyto thedetail of the resolution,we will lead a coalition to disarm him. It is over.We arethrough with negotiations. There is no more time. The man must disarm. He said he would disarm. He now must disarm." Mr. Bush spoke with reporters whiletouring the Washington D.C. police department, a tour designed tohighlight his plan to create a cabinet level Department of Homeland Security. He left no doubthis p atience regarding Iraq is wearing very thin*, stressing the United States will no longer tolerate any efforts by Saddam Hussein to circumvent* demands to disarm.Exercise ADirectionsListen to the news item and com plete the summary.This news item is about the Bush administration's attitude towards Iraq.Exercise BDirectionsListen to the news again anddecide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).News Item3Britain-IraqBritish Prime Minister Tony Blair delivered a radio address late Thursday to the Iraqi people warning that Saddam Hussein must com ply with UN demands or suffer the consequences.Prime Minister Blair said Saddam Hussein must coop erate with UN wea ponsins pectors, or be prep ared to face military action. In an interview withRadio Monte Carlo's Arabic service Thursday, Mr. Blair said war could be avoided, if Iraq agreed to disarm."The situation is very clear. If Saddam Hussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical, or biological or nuclear wea pons p rograms and cap ability, then conflict would be avoided, and his duty is to coop erate fully with the ins pectors to tell them exactly what material he has, to coop erate and com pl ywith them in the eradication of that material."The prime minister said he wanted to speak directly to the Iraqi people totry to dis pel what he called myths that have arisen between Christians andMuslims. He said the dis pute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East or about oil, but about weap ons of mass destruction.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news item and com plete the summary.This news item is about British Prime Minister's stand on the Iraqi issue.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and com plete the following sentences.1.Prime Minister Blair warned that Saddam Hussein would suffer the consequences unless he coop erated with the UN wea pons ins pectors.2.Saddam Hussein should coop erate fully with the ins pectors to tell themexactly what material he has, and com ply with them in the eradication of that material.3.0n Thursday Tony Blair had an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabic service.4.According to the Prime Minister, the conflict can be avoided if SaddamHussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical. or biological or nuclear weapons p rograms and cap ability.5.Mr. Blair said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East or about oil, but about weapons of mass destructi on.Section Four Supp lementary ExercisesPart 1 Feature rep ortBlix' Iraq InspectionThe chief UN arms inspector has been assigned the task of searching for wea ponsof mass destructionin Iraq. The Security Council gave Iraq this last opp ortunity to disarm or face serious consequences, a eup hemism* fopossible war. The United States says it will make sure Iraq disarms, one way or another.But M r. Blix* emphasizes that his inspectorswill not determine the course of events in the region. He says they will visit sus pected sites, conducterviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret* out information and report back to the SecurityCouncil for its members to decide.As for US and British intelligence repo rts, which the Bush administration says proves that Iraq has banned weapons, Mr. Blix says he is not going intoIraq with p re-conceived ideas of what is there.The next test for Iraq will be December 8th, the deadline for Iraq to p resent a full accounting of its weaponsprograms. If Iraq presents,in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would exp ect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has p ersistentlymaintained it does nothave the banned wea pons. The latest such assertioncame in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad acce ptedthe latest Security Council resolution setting out the p arameters* for what experts say will be the most intrusive ins pections in Iraq, so far.After the preliminary technical work starting Monday, Mr. Blix says, he exp ects the firstwave of ins pections to start November 27th.Two months later, he is required to report to the Security Council on Iraq's p erformance.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news report and com plete the summary.This news report is about Mr. Blix's weapons inspections in Iraq.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and fill in the blanks with the missing words.Mr. Blix emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the course ofevents in the region. He says they will visit suspectedsites, conduct interviewswith Iraqi scientistsferret out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.The next test for Iraq will be December eighth, the deadline for Iraq top resent a full accountingof its wea pons programs. If Iraq p resents, in effect, ablank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidenceon the table, so it can beverified.Iraq has persistentlymaintained it does nothave the banned weapons. The latest such assertioncame in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdadacce pted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the p arameters forwhat experts say will be the most intrusive ins pections in Iraq, sofar.Part 2 PassageRise and Fall of EgyptThe Nile River was a kind friend but occasionally a hard taskmaster of the 1.people who lived along its banks.2.In due course of time, one man who gre more po werful than most of hisneighbors became their King.3.Provided he was not obliged to pay more taxes to his King than he thoughtjust, he acce pted the rule of p haraoh as acce pted the rule of Mighty Osiris.4.It was different however when a foreign invader came and robbed him of hispossessions.5. Egypt regained a semblance of independence when one of Alexander'sgenerals set himself up as king of a new Egyptian state.The Nile River* was a kind friend but occasionally it was a hard taskmaster*. It taught the people who lived along its banks the noble art of "teamwork". They depended upon each other to build their irrigation trenches and keep their dikesin repair. In this way they learned how to get along with their neighbors andtheir mutual-benefit-associationquite easily developedinto an organized state.Then one man grew more powerful than most of his neighbors and he became the leader of the community and their commander-in-chief when the enviousneighbors ofwestern Asia invaded the prosperous valley. In due course of time he becametheir King and ruled all the land from the Mediterranean to the mountains of the west.But these political adventures of the old pharaohs* (the word meant "theMan who lived in the Big House") rarely interested the patient and toiling peasant of the grain fields. Providedhe was not obliged topay more taxes to hisKing than he thought lust, he accepted the rule of pharaoh as accepted therule of Mighty Osiris *.It was different however when a foreign invader came and robbed him of his possessions.After twenty centuries of independent life, a savage Arab tribe of shepherds, called the Hyksos, attacked Egypt and for five hundred years they were the masters of the valley of the Nile. They were highly unpopular and great hate was also felt for the Hebrews who came to the land of Goshen* to find a shelter after their long wandering through the desert and who helped the foreign usurper* by acting as his tax-gatherers and his civil servants.But shortly after the year 1700 B.C., the people of Thebes began a revolution and after a long struggle the Hyksos were driven out of the country and Egypt was free once more.A thousand years later, when Assyria* conquered all of western Asia, Egypt became part of the empire of Sardanapalus*. In the seventhcentury B.C., it becameonce more an independent stateExercise A Pre-listening Question,It is the Great Pyramid of Giza probably. The great pyramid is believed to have been built over a 20-year period. The site was first prepared, and blocks of stone were transported and placed. An outer casing (which disappeared over the years) was then used to smooththe surface. Although it is not known how the blocks were put in place, several theories have been proposed. One theoriynvolves the constructionof a straight or spiral ramp that was raised as the construction proceeded. This ramp, coated with mud and water, eased the displacement of theblocks which were pushed (or pulled) into place. A secondtheory suggeststhat the blocks were placed using long levers with a short angled foot.1. Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed listeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each ofExercise B Sentence Dictation the following sentences.1. C2.B3.B4.A5.A6.B7.D8.CExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.The last Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, tried her best to save the country when theRomans came in the year 39 B. C. Her beauty and charm were more dangerous to the Roman generals than half a dozen Egyptian army corps. She wassuccessful twice inher attacks upon the hearts of her Roman conquerors. In the year 30 B.c., Augustus landed in Alexandria and destroyed her armies. She killed herself by taking poison.2(Open)。