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事故发生的根源分析(英文版)(ppt 50页)
Protect company interests 维护公司的利益(表明公司对员工生命安全的高度重视)
– Every Imerys employee is a valuable asset.
每个Imerys的员工都是公司的重要财富
Getting hurt is not generally a conscious decision...
Why Investigate Incidents and Near misses? 为什么要调查事故和未遂事件?
But we can pick where we focus…
但是我们能选择努力 的方向。
1 FATAL 身亡
30 DISABLING 残疾
(Severe 重伤)
300 MEDICAL 疗伤
受伤都是意外的,不是自觉的…
...Working Safely Is!
但工作安全是可以自觉控制的!
Why Investigate Incidents and Near misses? 为什么要调查事故和未遂事件?
Because we don’t get to pick where we land…
• 5 minutes 5分钟时间
Responsibility 职责
• Ensure employees understand what an accident is. 确保员工明白什么是事故。
• Ensure that all associates understand why they must report accidents. 确保所有人员理解为什么一定要报告事故。
During the Interview 面谈过程中
• Phrases to remember 记住适用下列用语
– “Please help me understand what happened” “请帮我弄明白到底发生了些什么”
• One-on-One and One at a time 每次面谈时采用一对一的方式
Fact Finding: Interview Questions 事件调查:面谈的问题
• Ask open ended questions (not yes/no) 提开放性的问题(不要只提用是/否就可以回答的问题) – No 避免问 • Have you received safety training? 你接受过安全培训吗? – Yes 应该问 • What safety training have you received? 你接受过哪些安全培训?
– set an example by following safety rules/policies 以身作则了?
– provided adequate resources and support 是否提供了足够的资源和支持使别人能遵守纪律
Before You Discipline (5 Questions) 在你开始严肃纪律前 (问自己5个问题)
Secondary 首要和其次问题
Leading 引导性
vs. Neutral 公正性
Individual 个人
vs. Group 小组
During the Interview 在面谈中
What techniques can you use for more effective interviews? 有效的面谈可采用哪些技巧? • As soon as possible and at the scene
– Create a positive environment 营造一个积极的面谈环境
– Ask questions without being aggressive 在较为平和的气氛下提出问题
– Be patient, do not talk too much 保持耐心,不要说过多的话
– Show interest in the interviewee 对受访者的回答表现出兴趣
Who Should be Interviewed? 哪些人应该受访?
• Injured and others directly involved 受伤者及其他直接当事人
• Witnesses 目击证人
• Others who do the same job 其他相同工作人员
• Maintenance personnel 设备维护人员
RootCauseAnalysis 事故根源分析
Objectives 目标
– Best Practice techniques for conducting effective root cause analysis 分析事故根源时常用的有效技巧
– Identifying Countermeasures, Hierarchy of Control 确定相应的对策并实施有层次的控制手段
Fact Finding: Interview Questions 事件调查:面谈的问题
• Don’t ask leading questions 别提对答案有诱导性的问题 – No 避免 • Does your supervisor discuss safety with you? 你们的主管与你们讨论安全生产的问题吗? – Yes 应该 • Who discusses safety with you? 谁与你们讨论安全生产问题?
– There will typically be several causes to an incident. 一般来说事故是由多方面的原因造成的
Prevent similar incidents 避免类似事故的发生
– Performing an incident investigation, and communicating the results, will prevent similar incidents. 开展事故调查并传达事故调查的结果以可以避免类似事故的发生
• Engineering 工程人员
• Those who set up the equipment 设备装配人员
• Other experts 其他专家
Fact Finding: The Interview 实情调查:面谈
• Interview Tips (put the interviewee at ease) 面谈技巧 (使受访人处于轻松的状态)
Before the Interview 在面谈之前
– Have prepared questions, just in case 事先准备好一些问题,以防万一
– Meet on interviewees’ turf or neutral location 站在被访者的或中立的立场上考虑问题 • Preferably were the incident occurred 面谈最好仅针对刚发生的事件(“就事论事”)
尽可能快当场面谈
• Put at ease 营造轻松的气氛
– fact finding, not fault finding 调查事故情况,不是调查当事人的过失
– start with easily answered questions (conditions, etc.) 以容易回答的问题开始提问(受访者身份等)
• Preparation 准备 – Who should do the interview? 谁应当负责面谈工作? • Interviewer should have credibility with the interviewee 面谈组织者应当得到受访者的信任 • Interviewer should be aware of group dynamics 面谈组织者应当认识到可能对所涉及到的组织的影响
训练员工注意行走区域
Before You Discipline (5 Questions) 在你开始严肃纪律前 (问自己5个问题)
• Leadership requires discipline when justified! 即使理由充分,领导也需要严肃纪律!
• Before you discipline ask yourself “Have I”: 在你开始推行纪律前,问问你自己“我是否”:
– provided adequate training 是否提供了足够的培训
– insisted on compliance by enforcing safety rules in the past 在过去是否坚持遵守安全法规
– provided adequate supervision by identifying and correcting hazards before someone got hurt 在发生事故之前就安排足够的监管力量,发现和消除事故隐患
– Avoid criticism 避免批评受访者
You are investigating the incident/accident, not the person 你是在调查事故,不是在调查人
Open 开放性
vs. Closed 封闭性
Interview Questions 面谈问题
Primary and
– seek privacy 面谈情况应保密
– ask for prevention ideas 寻问预防安全事故的建议
During the Interview 在面谈中
• Ask open questions (what, when, where) 询问开放性的问题(发生什么事情,何时,在哪里)
因为我们无法预知事情 的结果。
1 FATAL 死亡
30 DISABLING 残疾
(Severe 重伤)
300 MEDICAL 需要治疗
(Serious 受伤)
3,000 FIRST AID 急救