poly-聚,多methyl-甲基deca-十,癸ethyl-乙基non-九,壬propyl-丙基octa-八,辛butyl-丁基hepta-七,庚hydro-氢hexa-六,己chlor-氯penta-五,戊bromo-溴tetra-四amine胺
tri-三carbo-碳
twi-二oxy-氧
di-二-ane烷烃mono-单-ene烯烃
-ol醇
-yne炔烃vinyl-乙烯基cyclo-环fluor-氟aryl-芳基nitri-氮alkyl-烷基nitro-硝基ortho-邻位iodo-碘para-对位alkadiene二烯烃meta-间位thermo-热ether醚nucleo-核ketone-酮sulph-硫ester酯carboxylic acid羧酸amide酰胺acid anhydride酸酐ammonium铵
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH
Potassium Hydroxide KOH
Triethylamine三乙胺
Cis-2-butylene顺丁二烯
m-diemethylbenzene间二甲苯cyclohexanol环己醇
3-pentanone三戊酮
Ethyl acetate乙酸乙酯
flask烧瓶
funnel漏斗
beaker烧杯
Graduated cylinder量筒
condenser冷凝管
separatory funnel分液漏斗
test tube试管
chromatograph column色谱柱
stirbar搅拌子
(Multiple)adaptor分水器(适配器)
glove手套
balance天平
Basic concepts基本概念macromolecule大分子polymer聚合物monomer单体structure unit结构单元repeating unit重复单元monomer unit单体单元chain element链单元degree of polymerization聚合度homopolymer均聚物copolymer共聚物molecular weight分子量polydispersity of molecule weight分子量分布number-average molecular weight数均分子量weight-average molecular weight重均分子量
Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight粘均分子量linear线型的branched枝化的
cross-linked交联的
cis顺式
trans反式
stereo isomerism立体异构isotactic全同syndiotactic间同
atactic无轨mechanism机理
chain polymerization连锁聚合
step polymerization逐步聚合addition polymerization加聚condensation polymerization缩聚
free radical自由基initiation引发
thermal initiator热引发剂peroxide initiator过氧化物引发剂azo initiator偶氮引发剂decomposition分解
redox initiator氧化还原引发剂photoinitiator光引发剂propagation增长thermodynamics热力学
entropy熵
enthalpy焓
steric strain空间张力polar effect极效应resonance共振
chain transfer链转移hydrogen abstraction去氢反应solvent溶剂
chain transfer agent链转移剂termination终止disproportionation不均匀combination结合
auto-acceleration自动加速
ionic polymerization离子聚合cationic polymerization阳离子聚合anionic polymerization阴离子聚合protic acids质子酸carbenium salts碳正离子盐electron donating groups 供电子基团stabilization稳定性hydride shift氢迁移organometallic initiators有机金属引发剂polar solvent极性溶剂electron withdrawing groups拉电子基团。