had been doing sth. 过去完成进行时 表示某个动作过去某个时间之前就已经 发生并保持持续
• I had been doing the cleaning before my mother arrived at home.
make a mess 搞得一团糟
• He contrived to make a mess of the whole thing. • 他挖空心思反而把事情全盘弄糟了。 • . He managed to make a mess of it. • 他真不错，把事情弄得糟透了。 • messy “散乱的，肮脏的” • The house was always messy. • 这房子总是乱糟糟的。
interview（媒体）采访；访问
• eg: We interviewed 20 people for the job. 为这份工作我们 对20人进行了面试。 衍生： inter- 在…之间 internet 互联网 • international 国际的 interview 面试 • -ee 动作的受动者 interviewee n. person who is interviewed （面试中） 受审核者；被接见者；被采访者 employee 雇员，examinee 考生 • -er 动作的执行者 interviewer n. person who conducts an interview 主 持面试者；接见者；采访者 employer雇主，examiner 考官
in this manner“用这种方式，照这样做”
• It was in this manner that he wasted his days. • 他正是这样浪费了自己的时间。 • In this manner energy is transferred from the field to the grid. • 能量就这样由电场传给线栅(shan)。
remark v.谈论，评论 n. 话语；评论
• remark v. to say or write a commend about something/somebody 谈论；评论 • 用法： ~ on/upon sth./ sb. • eg: I couldn't help remarking on her youth. • 我脱口而出说她那么年轻。 • It was just a casual remark—I wasn't really serious. • 我只是随便说说，并不当真。
辨别
• invaluable，priceless，valueless，worthless • invaluable 非常宝贵的； 无法估计的； 无价 的； • priceless：无价的； 极贵重的； • valueless：不足道的；无价值的；不值钱的； • worthless：无价值的，不值钱的； 卑微的；
the way sb. does/did sth. 某人做某事的方式
• I like the way she dresses herself.
• People don't the way he talks.
occur vi.发生； 出现； 闪现
• When exactly did the incident occur? • 这一事件究竟是什么时候发生的？ • It occurred to sb…（想法或主意）被想到， 被想起，浮现于脑海中 • It occurred to sent to me... • 我想到可以让人把书寄给我。
re- = again = 再
• rename 重命名 replace 替代 remove v. to take something or somebody away from a place 移开；拿开；去掉 • 用法：~ sth./sb. （from sth.） eg: remove the dishes （from the table） （从餐桌 上）撤去碗碟 • restore v. to bring somebody/something back to a former condition, place or position 使复原；使复位，使 复职 • 用法：~ sb./sth. to sth. eg: restore sacked workers to their old jobs 使被解雇的 工人复工
v.+sb./sth.+介词+the +身体部位/ 衣服
• • • • • • graspthe bottle at the top v.+sb./sth.+介词+the +身体部位/衣服 He hit me in the eye. The man beat the boy on the back. Mom kiss her daughter on her cheek. He took her by her hand.
respond vt.& vi.回答，响应 vi.作出反应，响应； 回报或回复
• . I asked him his name, but he didn't respond. • 我问他叫什么名字，可他没回答。 • You should deliberate over the question before you respond to it. • 回答问题之前你应该慎重考虑。
set …apart from “区别，使与众 不同”
• Her great sense of humor sets her apart from other girls • 她的幽默把她和其他女孩区别了开来。 • Hustling sets good athletes apart from the rest. • 拼博使好运动员与其他人区分开来。
Spilt milk：过去分词作定语
• 过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。
• 1、前置定语 单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之 前,表示被动和完成意义。 A类:被动意义: an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人 B类:完成意义: a retired teacher 一位退休的教师 They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard. 他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。
Spilt milk：过去分词作定语
• 2、后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之 后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 • This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written). 这将是这类小说中写得最好的。 • Who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night? 昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁 呀?
宾语从句是强调结构 it was…that…
• 注意区分强调结构和it作形式主语或普通代 词的结构。例如： • It was in this park that they first met each other. • It was this park where/in which they first met each other. • It is important that we learn a foreign language well.
Unit 2 Mistake to Success
A Famous Quote Success is going from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm. ——Winston Churchill 成功就是经历一次一次失败后，热情依旧。 ——温斯顿· 丘吉尔
There is no use/point （in） doing sth. 做…是没有用的
• There is no use in arguing with him. • 与他争论没用。 • There is no point in taking your car if you can't park it there. • 如果你不能在那停车，你取车就没意义了。 • There is no use in trying to help him. • 设法要帮助他也没有用。
重点词汇讲解
• spill v. （especially of liquid） to flow over the edge of the container by accident （使）洒出，泼出，溢出 eg: The ink spilt all over the desk. 墨水洒了一桌子。 Who has spilt/spilled the milk? 谁把牛奶泼出来了? • 用法： cry over spilt milk express regret for sth. that has happened and cannot be remedied. 为已经发生而无法补 救的事懊悔 eg: You've broken it now; it's no use crying over spilt milk! 你现在既已把它损坏了，后悔是没有用的!