James I ,the Stuart Kingdom.
Literature in this period
Prose
Thomas More Utopia 乌托邦
Francis Bacon Of Studies 论学习 Poems
Thomas Wyatt who introduced sonnets in Britain
The Long Love that in My Thought 吾之深爱
Edmund Spenser The Fairy Queen 仙后
❖ Novels John Lyly Eupheus 尤费斯
Thomas Lodge An Alarm against Usurer
剥削者的警告
Thomas Nashe Spring, the Sweet Spring
The Kinds of poetry
❖ Lyric poetry: short and expressed one incident, situation or emotion and intended
to be sung and accompanied by the lyre song: short ode: longer and more dignified ballad: oral
❖ 1509 the accession of Henry VIII ❖ 1517 Martin Luther’s 95 Tenets, the
beginning of religious Reformation ❖ 1534 Henry VIII acknowledged “supreme
head on earth”
Part IV
The Renaissance 文艺复兴
Definition
❖ Renaissance means rebirth. It first occurred in Italy at the end of the 14th century and later covered Germany, France, Spain and Britain. It was in Britain that Renaissance reached its summit. Europe went through profound changes in every respect, namely, trade, politics, colonization, science, and art. The humanists proposed emancipation of individual and the fetter of church and humanism.
heroic couplet
❖ A heroic couplet is a traditional form for English poetry, commonly used for epic and narrative poetry; it refers to poems constructed from a sequence of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter lines. The rhyme is always masculine. Use of the heroic couplet was first pioneered by Geoffrey Chaucer in the Legend of Good Women and the Canterbury Tales. Chaucer is also widely credited with first extensive use of iambic pentameter.
❖ Drama
Christopher Marlowe: greatest of the pioneers who
reformed the genre and language and he made blank verse the main vehicle of expression
The Passionate Shepherd to His Love 多情牧童致爱人 Robert Green George Green, the Pinner of Wakefield 钉扣人 Thomas Kyd: The Spanish Tragedy
❖ 1557 Sir Thomas Wyatt introduced sonnets into Britain
❖ 1558 the accession of Queen Elizabeth I ❖ 1576 the Grand Theater is built. ❖ 1588 defeat the Spanish Armada ❖ 1603 death of Elizabeth, the accession of
Features
❖ Renaissance of ancient Greek and Roman civilization
❖ Renaissance of knowledge ❖ Renaissance of humanism movement

Major events
❖ 1485 the accession of Henry VII inaugurating age of the Tudor sovereign
❖ Epic or heroic couplet ❖ Dramatic poetry (tragedy and comedy) ❖ Pastoral poetry: rural life, such as shepherd and their love
and flocks and the harvest ❖ Elegy (epitaph): a lament told in meter ❖ Didactic poetry: to instruct in arts, morals or philosophy ❖ Satire: to improve manners and promote virtue by voice ❖ Epigram: a satirical short poem