Ⅰ. Vocabulary(词汇)(30分)(一)．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(写出下列词组的汉语。
)(共10分，每题1分)1．operating system2．requirements analysis3．network security4．data structure5．decision support system6．relational database7．software crisis8．computer virus9．email attachment10．central processing unit ( CPU )B universal serial bus2.oop object-oriented programming3.drop down menu4.protocol hierarchy5.WAP-wireless application protocol6.frequency division multiplexing7.time division multiplexing8.wavelength division multiplexing9.data mining10.data warehouse11.multimedia system12.artificial intelligence13.expert systemputer recognition of speech15.data structure and algorithms16.Partially Ordered Sets17.divide-and-conquer18.Finite-State Machines19.CIM 计算机集成制造20.CAD计算机辅助制造21.MIS management information system管理信息系统22.GIS geography information system地理信息系统23.GPS global position system全球定位系统24.electronic business 电子商务25.software engineeringSoftware is the sequences of instructions in one or more programming languages that comprise a computer application to automate some business function. Engineering is the use of tools and techniques in problem solving. Software engineering is the systematic application of tools and techniques in the development of computer-based applications.26.intellectual property 知识产权27.CMM-capability maturity modelThe capability maturity model for software is a framework that describes the key elements of an effective software process.28.virusesA computer virus is a program that maliciously causes unwanted behavior on a computer. Viruses replicate themselves on computer systems by incorporating themselves into other programs shared among computer systems.29.上下文无关文法context-free grammar30.统一资源标识符URI uniform recourse identifier31.file transfer protocol 文件传输协议32.architectural framework体系结构框架33.video conferencing 视频会议34.Describe the TCP/IP layering model.36.PDA: acronym for personal digital assistant. A lightweight palmtopcomputer designed to provide specific functions like personal organization (calendar, note taking, database, calculator, and so on)as well as communications.37.BLOG: a blog is a personal online journal that is frequently updated andintended for general public consumption. blogs generally represent the personality of the author or reflect the purpose of the web site that hosts the blog. Topics sometimes include brief philosophical musings, commentary on Internet and other social issues, and links to other sites the author favors, especially those that support a point being made on a post.38.How do you surf on the web?39.Once your web browser is open and you are connected to the Internet, thepage currently designated as your browser’s starting page or home page will be displayed within the browser windows. All browsers have navigational tools to help you move forward or backward through the pages viewed in your currently Internet session, as well as buttons or menu options to print Web pages when necessary.40.Internet is a collection of LANs connected by a WAN. The Internet means aspecific worldwide internet that is widely used to connect universities, government offices, companys and of late, private individuals.41.GUI graphical user interface 图形用户接口42.packet filtering43.application proxies44.Encapsulation refers to the way each object combines its member data andmember functions (methods) into a single structure.45.封装是指每个对象把它的成员数据和成员函数（方法）放在一个单独结构的方式。
46.logic programming refers to a style of programming, best exemplified byProlog, in which a program consists of facts and relationships from which the programming language is expected to draw conclusions。
47.逻辑编程是指一种编程方式，Prolog作为最好的一个例子, 在PROLOG中一个程序是由事实和关系组成，并且从事实和关系中希望编程语言能得出结论。
48.Inheritance is an important concept since it allows reuse of a class definitionwithout requiring major code changes.49.继承是一个重要概念，因为它使得无须对代码做大的改变就能重用类定义50.To survive in this jungle, Java must be architecture neutral, portable, anddynamic adaptable.51.为了在这种激烈环境中生存，JAVA必须是总体结构无偏向的，可移植的且能动态自适应的。
52.The garbage collection system makes the programmer’s job vastly easier;with the burden of memory management taken off the programmer’s shoulders, storage allocation errors go away.53.无用单元收集系统使程序员的工作大为容易，卸下了程序员肩上存储管理之负担，存储分配错误不再发生。
54.Customizing a Windows application with your own icons, cursors, bitmapsand dialog boxes is easy with Microsoft’s Visual C++ Integrated Development Environments (IDE), sometimes called the Developer Studio. 55.微软的Visual C++集成开发环境，有时称为开发者工作室，使用它很容易定制具有你自己的图标，光标，位图和对话框的Windows应用程序。