创伤评分-创伤严重度评分：TRISSThe Trauma Score – Injury Severity Score (TRISS) determines the probability of survival (Ps) of a patient 创伤评分-创伤严重度评分（TRISS）决定了病人的生存概率（PS ）from the ISS and RTS using the following formulae: 从国际空间站和RTS使用下列公式：Where 'b' is calculated from: 'B'是计算：The coefficients b0 - b3 are derived from multiple regression analysis of the Major Trauma Outcome 来自重大创伤的结果多元回归分析系数B0 - B3Study (MTOS) database. 研究（MTOS）数据库。

AgeIndex is 0 if the patient is below 54 years of age or 1 if 55 years and over. AgeIndex是0，如果病人是低于54岁，如果55岁以上或1。

b0 to b3 are coefficients which are different for blunt and penetrating trauma. B0至B3系数是不同的生硬和穿透伤。

If the patient is less than 如果病人是少于15, the blunt index for b3 (Age) is used regardless of mechanism. 15，B3（年龄）的钝指数是不管用的机制。

APPENDIX 1附录1Small Bowel Injury Scale小肠损伤分级Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90I 级Hematoma 血肿Contusion or hematoma without devascularization 没有断流的挫伤或血肿2分Laceration 裂伤Partial thickness, no perforation 偏厚，无穿孔2分II 级Laceration 裂伤Laceration <50% of circumference 裂伤<周长的50 ％3分III 级Laceration 裂伤Laceration >50% of circumference without transection 裂伤>周长的50％，无横断3分IV级Laceration 裂伤Transection of small bowel 横断小肠4分V 级Laceration 裂伤Transection of small bowel with segmental tissue loss 横断小肠节段性组织损失4分V ascular 血管Devascularized segment Devascularized段4分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级Colon Injury Scale结肠损伤分级Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Hematoma 血肿Contusion or hematoma without devascularization 没有断流的挫伤或血肿2分Laceration 裂伤Partial thickness, no perforation 偏厚，无穿孔2分II 级Laceration 裂伤Laceration <50% of circumference 裂伤<周长的50 ％3分III 级Laceration 裂伤Laceration >50% of circumference without transection 裂伤>周长的50％，无横断3 分IV 级Laceration 裂伤Transection of the colon 结肠横断4分V 级Laceration 裂伤Transection of the colon with segmental tissue loss 结肠节段性组织损失的横断4分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级Rectum Injury Scale直肠损伤分级Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 我Hematoma 血肿Contusion or hematoma without devascularization 没有断流的挫伤或血肿2分Laceration 裂伤Partial thickness laceration 偏厚裂伤2分II 级Laceration 裂伤Laceration <50% of circumference 裂伤<周长的50 ％3分III 级Laceration 裂伤Laceration ≥50% of circumference 圆周裂伤≥50％4分IV 级Laceration 裂伤Full-thickness laceration with extension into the perineum 会阴扩展到全层裂伤5分V 级Laceration 裂伤Devascularized segment Devascularized段分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级Diaphragm Injury Scale膜片损伤分级Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Contusion 挫伤2分II 级Laceration ≤2 cm 裂伤≤2厘米3分III 级Laceration 2-10 cm 裂伤2-10厘米3分IV 级Laceration >10 cm with tissue loss ≤25 cm 裂伤组织缺损> 10厘米≤25厘米3分V 级Laceration with tissue loss >25 cm 与组织裂伤损失大于25厘米3分* Advance one grade for bilateral injuries up to grade III *提前一级双边受伤三级Duodenum Injury Scale十二指肠损伤分级Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Hematoma 血肿Involving single portion of duodenum 涉及单部分十二指肠2分Laceration 裂伤Partial thickness, no perforation 偏厚，无穿孔3分II 级Hematoma 血肿Involving more than one portion 涉及超过一个部分2分Laceration 裂伤Disruption <50% circumference 中断<50％的周长4分III 级Laceration 裂伤Disruption 50-75% circumference of 2nd portion 第二部分中断50-75％的周长4分Disruption 50-100% circumference of 1st, 3rd, 4th portion 第一，第三，第四部分中断50-100％的周长4分IV 级Laceration 裂伤Disruption >75% circumference of 2nd portion 第二部分中断> 75％的周长5分Involving ampulla or distal common bile duct 涉及壶腹或远端胆总管5分V 级Laceration 裂伤Massive disruption of duodenopancreatic complex 大规模中断duodenopancreatic 复杂5分V ascular 血管Devascularization of duodenum 断流十二指肠5分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级Pancreas Injury Scale胰腺损伤分级Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Hematoma 血肿Minor contusion without duct injury 无胆道损伤的轻微挫伤2分Laceration 裂伤Superficial laceration without duct injury 浅裂伤无胆道损伤2分II 级Hematoma 血肿Major contusion without duct injury or tissue loss 无胆道损伤或组织损失的主要挫伤2分Laceration 裂伤Major laceration without duct injury or tissue loss 无胆道损伤或组织损失的主要裂伤3分III 级Laceration 裂伤Distal transection or parenchymal / duct injury 远端横断或实质/胆管损伤3分IV 级Laceration 裂伤Proximal transection or parenchymal injury involving ampulla 涉及壶腹近端横断或实质伤害4分V 级Laceration 裂伤Massive disruption of pancreatic head 大规模破坏胰头5分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级7 7Kidney Injury Scale肾损伤分级Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Contusion 挫伤Microscopic or gross hematuria 镜下或肉眼血尿2分Hematoma 血肿Subcapsular, nonexpanding without parenchymal laceration 包膜下，没有实质裂伤nonexpanding 2分II 级Hematoma 血肿Nonexpanding perirenal hematoma confined to renal retroperitoneum肾周血肿局限于肾腹膜后2分Laceration 裂伤<1 cm parenchymal depth of renal cortex without urinary extravasation <1厘米肾皮质实质深度，无尿外渗2分III 级Laceration 裂伤<1 cm parenchymal depth of renal cortex without collecting <1厘米的肾皮质实质深度不会收集3分system rupture or urinary extravasation 系统破裂或尿外渗3分IV 级Laceration 裂伤V ascular 血管Parenchymal laceration extending through the renal cortex, 通过肾皮质延伸的实质裂伤4分Main renal artery or vein injury with contained hemorrhage 主肾动脉或静脉损伤出血所载4分V 级Laceration 裂伤Completely shattered kidney 完全破灭了肾5分V ascular 血管A vulsion of renal hilum which devascularizes kidney 撕脱devascularizes肾的肾门5分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级Ureter Injury Scale输尿管损伤量表Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Hematoma 血肿Contusion or hematoma without devascularization 没有断流的挫伤或血肿2分II 级Laceration 裂伤<50% transection <50％的横断2分III 级Laceration 裂伤>50% transection > 50％的横断3分IV 级Laceration 裂伤Complete transection with <2 cm devascularization <2厘米断流完全横断3分V 级Laceration 裂伤A vulsion with >2 cm devascularization 撕脱与> 2厘米断流3分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级Bladder Injury Scale膀胱损伤秤Grade*等级*Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Hematoma 血肿Contusion, intramural hematoma 挫伤，壁内血肿2分Laceration 裂伤Partial thickness 偏厚3分II 级Laceration 裂伤Extraperitoneal bladder wall laceration <2 cm 腹膜外膀胱壁裂伤<2厘米4 分III 级Laceration 裂伤Extraperitoneal (>2 cm) or intraperitoneal (<2 cm) 腹膜外（> 2厘米）或腹腔内（<2厘米）bladder wall laceration 膀胱壁裂伤4分IV 级Laceration 裂伤Intraperitoneal bladder wall laceration >2 cm 腹腔膀胱壁裂伤> 2厘米4分V 级Laceration 裂伤Intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal bladder wall 腹腔或腹膜外膀胱壁laceration extending into the bladder neck or 裂伤到膀胱颈部延伸或ureteral orifice (trigone) 输尿管口（三角）4分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级Urethra Injury Scale尿道损伤分级Grade*等级*Injury T ype损伤类型Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Contusion 挫伤Blood at urethral meatus; urethrography normal 血液在尿道口，尿道正常2分II 级Stretch Injury 牵拉伤Elongation of urethra without extravasation on urethrography 尿道断裂伸长率不外渗上尿道2分III 级Partial 部分Extravasation of urethrography contrast at injury site 损伤部位在尿道对比外渗2分Disruption 中断with contrast visualized in the bladder 可视化在膀胱的对比2分IV 级Complete 完成Extravasation of urethrography contrast at injury site 损伤部位在尿道对比外渗3分Disruption 中断without contrast visualization in the bladder; of urethral separation<2 cm 没有对比可视化在膀胱; <2厘米尿道分离3分V 级Complete 完成Complete transection with >2 cm urethral separation, 总横断与尿道分离> 2厘米，or extension into the prostate or vagina 或扩展到前列腺癌或阴道4分Disruption 中断4分* Advance one grade for multiple injuries up to grade III *提前一级多处受伤三级8 8Abdominal Vascular Injury Scale*腹部血管损伤分级Grade†级†Description说明AIS-90AIS - 90I 级Non-named SMA or SMV branches 非命名SMA或SMV的分支机构NSNon-named IMA or IMV branches 非命名的IMA或秋意分行NSPhrenic artery / vein 膈动脉/静脉NSLumbar artery / vein 腰动脉/静脉NSGonadal artery / vein 性腺动脉/静脉NSOvarian artery / vein 卵巢动脉/静脉NSOther non-named small arterial or venous structures requiring ligation 其他非命名的小动脉或静脉结构，需要结扎NSII 级Right, left, or common hepatic artery 右，左，或肝动脉3分Splenic artery/vein 脾动脉/静脉3分Right or left gastric arteries 向左或向右的胃动脉3分Gastroduodenal artery 胃十二指肠动脉3分IMA or IMV trunk IMA或IMV主干3分Primary named branches of mesenteric artery or vein 小学命名为肠系膜动脉或静脉分支3分Other named abdominal vessels requiring ligation/repair 其他命名腹部血管结扎/维修3分III 级SMV trunk SMV的主干3分Renal artery/vein 肾动脉/静脉3分Iliac artery vein 髂内动脉静脉3分Hypogastric artery/vein 髂内动脉/静脉3分V ena cava, infrarenal 腔静脉，肾3分IV 四SMA trunk SMA的主干3分Celiac axis proper 腹腔轴适当3分V ena cava, suprarenal and infrahepatic 腔静脉，肾上腺和infrahepatic 3分Aorta, infrarenal 主动脉，肾4分V 级Portal vein 门静脉3分Extraparenchymal hepatic vein Extraparenchymal肝静脉3/5分V ena cava, retrohepatic or suprahepatic 肝后或肝上腔静脉，5分Aorta, suprarenal, subdiaphragmatic 主动脉，肾上腺，膈下4分* This classification system is application to extraparenchymal vascular injuries. *此分类系统是应用extraparenchymal血管损伤。