初二英语语法反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)又叫附加疑问句。
它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。
反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
1.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式2.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式They work hare, don’t they?She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she?Y ou didn’t go, did you?He can’t ri de a bike, can he?请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法:1.当陈述部分的主语是I , everyone, everything, nobody 时,后面的疑问句应表示为:I am a student, aren’t IEveryone is in the classroom, aren’t they?Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it?Nobody will go, will they?2. 当陈述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定词时,后面的疑问句则表示为:There are few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?3. 当陈述部分是I think 加从句时,疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。
I think chickens can swim, can’t they?I think Lucy is a good girl, isn’t she?I didn't think he was happy, was he?4. 陈述部分有had better 时,疑问句应用hadn’t开头:you’d better get up early, hadn’t you?5. 当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达:Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?Let us go our for a walk, will you?Turn on the radio, will you?6. 反义疑问句的回答用yes,no,但是,当陈述部分是否定形式时,回答要按事实。
如:They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?Y es, they do. 不,他们工作努力。
/No, they don’t. 对,他们工作不努力。
一、反意疑问句的一般情况1.当陈述部分的主语是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代词时,附加疑问句的主语非正式文体中往往they用。
(也可以按语法一致原则用单数。
)2.当陈述部分以one不定代词做主语时,附加问句的主语在正式常场用one,非正式场合用he。
3.当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that,附加疑问句的主语用it。
(是those, these则用they)4.当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing等,附加问句的主语用it。
5.陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词,例如:never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等,附加疑问句的动词要用肯定形式。
6.如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀,那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理,附加疑问句应用否定形式。
二、常见句型的反意疑问句7.当陈述部分是there be 存在句型时,附加疑问句的主语也用there。
8.感叹句的附加疑问句,其谓语要求用否定句。
9.祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题A) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑问句只能用will you。
B) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。
C) Let开头的祈使句要注意:1.Let’s 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内,表示提出建议或征求对方意见,其反意疑问句往往用shall we。
2. Let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内,表示请求对方允许做某事的含义,let 有allow的意思。
附加疑问部分用will you。
3. Let me 开头表示请求,附加疑问句用will you,或用may I。
三、复合句的反意疑问句10.当陈述部分是一个(带that引导宾语从句的)主从复合句时,附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。
但是,当陈述部分的主语是:I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等结构时,附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语,谓语保持一致关系。
而且要注意到否定的转移问题。
11.当陈述部分是I’m sure that,;we are sure;I’m afraid that;We are sure that;I feel sure that 等后面跟宾语从句时,反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。
12.当陈述部分是并列句时,附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。
四、关于情态动词的反意疑问句13.陈述部分中有have一词,且表示“所有”含义时,附加疑问句部分既可用have也可用do。
14.陈述部分中有have to,附加疑问句部分用do。
15.含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 16.陈述部分有used to,附加疑问句部分可用used 也可以用did 。
17.陈述部分有needn’t时,附加疑问句部分用need但有时也可用must。
18.陈述部分有must,且表示“必须”时,附加疑问句部分用mustn’t,如果表示“必要”则用needn’t。
19.陈述部分中是mustn’t表示“禁止”时,附加疑问句部分用must。
陈述部分中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推测意义时,附加疑问句部分而是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其助动词来定。
20.陈述部分是I wish,表示询问或征求意见,附加疑问部分用may I。
21.弄清陈述句中的’d rather = would rather;’d better = had better附加疑问句部分前者用would,后者用had。
其它特殊结构的反意疑问句22.陈述部分的主语是each of...结构时,附加疑问句在强调整体时用they,当作个别时用he。
23.陈述部分有neither...nor...(either...or...)做并列主语,附加疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?24.陈述部分是:I’m ....结构,附加疑问句一般用aren’t I?25. 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you? Y ou'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?26. 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?27. 陈述部分有Y ou'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
Y ou'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?28. 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does sh 反义疑问句练习1、That’s a model plane , _________________2、There’s goingto be a meeting this afternoon,_________________3、He has a lot of work to do , ____________ 4、They usually play football after school , __ ____5、You had a talk with John just now , _____ ___6、Tom didn’t watch TV last night , _________ ___7、She’s been to Shanghai , _________________ 8、Mary made few mistakes in the exam , _______9、He has never seen her before , ___________ _10、Jack hardly goes to the cinema , ________ 11、Uncle Wang forgotto bring your bag ,___________12、Tom wants to get his TV set back ,____ ___13、Lucky had a party last Sunday , __________ __14、Robert knows little Chinese , _______________ __15、Miss Green is going to work in London, ______16、It’s fine today , _________________17、It’s goingto rain this afternoon ,___________18、Nobody was looking for me ,_________________19、He needs our help , _________________20、Open the windows , _________________21、Let’s sing an English song together , _____ _______22、Let me try it a secord time , _____________ ____23、Everything is ready for the party , ________ _____24、They’ll be on duty next Monday , _______ 25、You’d better do it now , _________________26、Joan’s late for school , _________________27、Don’t close the window , _________________ 28、There is little water in the jar , __________29、You are going home , _________________30、You haven’t met my brother , _____________ ____31、Everyone know his duty , _________________32、Anybody can do it , _________________33、She never plays ride , _________________34、John likes listening to the radio , _________ _35、He didn’t get any help , _________________ 36、Your blouse isn’t yellow , _________________ 37、There are few people on that village , ___ ______38、Allen has never been to Beijing , _________ _39、Speak louder , _________________40、You don’t study Chinese ,_________________41、Let her play the piano , _________________ 42、They have been there twice , ______________ ___43、You will join the army in two months , _ _______44、Be quiet , _________________答案:1、isn’t it ?2 、isn’t there?3、hasn’t he?4、don’t they ?5、didn’t you ?6、did he ?7、hasn’t she ?8、did she ?9、has he ?10、does he ?11、didn’t he ?12、doesn’t he ?13、didn’t she ?14、does he ?15、isn’t she?16、isn’t it ?17、isn’t it ?18、was he ?19、doesn’t he ?20、won’t you?21、22、won’t you?23、isn’t it ?24、won’t they?25、didn’t you ?26、isn’t she ?27、will you ?28、is there ?29、aren’t you ?30、have you ?31、don’t they ?32、can’t they ?33、does she ?34、doesn’t he ?35、did he ?36、is it ?37、are there ?38、has she ?39、won’t you ?40、do you ? 41、won’t you ?42、haven’t they ?43、won’t you ?44、won’t you ?。