large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma.
Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)
Oat-cell carcinoma
• SCLC grows very rapidly and is very aggressive. • Soon after the original cell becomes cancerous, it quickly
• usually located peripherally • can be quite large and not infrequently cavitate
the Symptoms of Lung Cancer
• Fatigue (tiredness) • Cough • Shortness of breath • Chest pain • Loss of appetite • Coughing up phlegm • Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) • If cancer has spread, symptoms include bone pain,
• Intercellular bridges and cellular pleomorphism
• squamous cell carcinoma usually occurs near the bronchi, the tumor can cause cough (sometimes a cough that is tinged with blood), shortness of breath, wheezing, and pneumonia in the area between the tumor and the edge of the lung
• According to histologic classification: Small cell lung cancer(SCLC) and Non-small cell
lung cancer(NSCLC). NSCLC includes Squamous cell carcinoma,
• bronchial epithelium and growth in situ • It is related to cigarette smoking • Cavitation can occure in the distal to the
obstructing mass • Central location
• it causes symptoms early in the disease
adenocarcinoma
• areas of scarring is associated with the occurrence of adenocarcinoma.
• Peripheral adenocarcinomas are usually wellcircumscribed, grey-white masses that rarely cavitate.
• It arises from the submucosal glands,located in peripheral airways and alveoli
• Female
large cell carcinoma
• large nuclei,prominent nucleoli,abundant cytt is Lung Cancer?
• Begins when cells in the lung grow out of control and form a tumor
Etiology and pathogenesis
• Cigarette smoking • Other factors include air
pollutions • Nowadays It is reported
that tuberculosis is associated with the incidence of lung cancer
Classifications
• According to anatomy: (1)Central lung (2) peripheral lung cancer
multiplies to form a tumor. • These cells swiftly spread to distant sites in the body • SCLC belongs in a group of tumors derived from
neuroendocrine cells that are responsible for the production and secretion of specific peptide product.they may related to paraneoplastic syndrome.
• Due to local extension: chest pain,hoarseness,superior vena cava syndrome, horner’s syndrome, dysphagia, pericardial effusion,pleural effusion, diaphragm paralysis
• Cells are oval or vaguely spindleshaped ,have scant cytoplasm
Squamous cell carcinoma
• the most frequent form of the tumor(30-50 percent of all cases
difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, headache, weakness, and confusion
• Due to primary lesions: cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, sputum, wheezing, weight loss, fever, pneumonia