工作场所的安全隐患与风险分析
何培松 益瑞石集团亚太区EHS经理
2019年6月21日
Objectives 目标
d Purpose of doing hazard and risk analysis.
理解进行危险源和风险分析的目的
d How to evaluate an operation’s Workplace Hazards
Definitions 定义
Hazards have 危险具有: RISK – possibility of loss or injury. 风险－造成损失或伤害的可能性
Risk have 风险要素: y 严重性和可能性（概率）
Definitions 定义
Severity 严重性: If injury or loss occurs how bad will it be? 如果发生损失或者伤害的情况，情况有多糟糕？
Probability 可能性（概率）: The potential frequency of loss or injury occurring, increases with exposure to hazard 损失或伤害发生的潜在频率
operations in a methodical, proven way. 提供系统可靠的方法分析作业过程中的风险
d Risk is provided to management in a prioritized
manner, the higher the number of risk the riskier the task or job will be. 将风险按优先级顺序排列呈送给管理层，风险等级评分 越高，任务或作业的风险就越高
Why Really? 意义
d The process provides to management a picture of
the real risk of injury, not what the “gut” tells you it is, or what our employee thinks it is. 这一过程给管理层提供明晰的伤害风险，而不是就事 论事的经验或我们员工的主观想像
Engulfment 开挖塌方
Fall From 高空坠落
Fall From 高空坠落
Trip/Slip 绊倒/滑倒
Fire/Explosion 火灾/爆炸
Struck by Falling Objects 坠物砸伤
Contact With Moving Objects 运动物体接触
Other Hazards 其它危险
飞溅的碎片或物体 突出的物体 高低温 高空坠落 绊倒/滑倒 紧张，劳累 电击 火灾/爆炸 放射线 坠物砸伤 接触尖锐物体 生物危险
Hazard Examples 危险举例:
Electrical Shock 电击
Chemical Exposure Eyes 眼睛接触化学品
Flying Debris/ Objects 飞溅的碎片或物体
Fall, Trip, Slip Strain / Overexertion
Electrical Shock Fire / Explosion Light Radiation Falling Objects Sharp Objects
Biological
化学品接触（吸入、皮肤、手、眼睛） 有害粉尘 噪声曝露
d It helps you identify the elephants…
它可以帮助我们识别风险造成的影响……
Why do Hazard / Risk analysis? 必要性
Potentially 潜在的
Catastrophic 灾难性的
Definitions 定义
Does the activity have a potential to harm those performing and those near the activity? 活动是否存在对从事活动的人员本身或活动附近人员造成 伤害的可能？
The element(s) of an activity that has a potential to harm is considered its hazard(s).
可能造成伤害的活动的要素被视作危险。
I.e.例如： Activity - Spray Painting 活动－喷漆 Hazards – Chemical Exposure (inhalation), Chemical Exposure (skin), Chemical Exposure (eyes), Noise, Fire/ Explosion 危险－化学品吸入、皮肤接触化学品、眼睛接触化学品、噪 声、火灾/爆炸
and Risk. 掌握如何评估作业场所的危险源和风险
d Who should be involved in your analysis.
组建危险和风险分析团队
d What to do with the results.
利用分析结果进行持续改进
Why Really? 意义
d It provides a systematic way to analyze the risk in
Other Hazards 其它危险
Hazard/Risk Analysis Flow 危险/风险分析流程
Starting Point 起点
Segregate plant operations into discrete operational/functional areas
Definitions 定义
Hazard Examples 危险举例:
Chemical Exposure (Inhalation, Skin, Hands, Eyes) Harmful Dust
Noise Exposure Flying Debris / Objects
Protruding Objects Extreme Temperatures Point of Operation (I.e crush, nip)