被动语态的概念与结构1.概念语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
We clean the office every day. 我们每天打扫办公室。
(主动语态)The abacus was invented in the sixth century by the Chinese.算盘是中国人在6世纪发明的。
( 被动语态)2.结构被动语态由“be +过去分词”构成。
其各种被动语态结构一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时was\were+过去分词一般将来时shall/will be+过去分词am/is/are going to be +过去分词现在进行时am/is/are being +过去分词现在完成时have/has been+过去分词过去进行时was/were being +过去分词过去将来时should/would be +过去分词was/were going to be +过去分词含有情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词3.一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are +过去分词”构成。
-What are they used for? 一它们是用来做什么的?-They're used for seeing in the dark. 一它们是被用来在黑暗中照明的。
题目 1. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, trees around the city every year.A. plantB. are plantedC. will plant2. Soft drinks _to children for free in some restaurants on Children's Day.A. offerB. have offeredC. are offeredD. will be offered1.B 句意:为了让我们的家乡更加美丽，每年都要在我们的城市周围栽树。
本题考查时态和被动语态。
根据every year可知，应该用一般现在时;又因为plant和trees之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。
般现在时的被动语态构成为“be( am/is/are) +动词的过去分词”。
故选B项。
2. C 句意:在儿童节，一些饭店免费给孩子们提供不含酒精的饮料。
本题考查被动语态。
on Children's Day指的是每个儿童节，所以用一般现在时;soft drinks 和offer是被动关系，故用被动语态。
一般现在时的被动语态是由“am/ is/ are +过去分词”构成。
故答案选C项。
4.一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were+过去分词”构成。
一When was the car invented?汽车是什么时候发明的?----l was invented in 1885. 它是在1885年被发明的。
1. -Hey，Molly. You on the phone just now. But you weren't here and the man left aphone number.-Oh? I was in the library.A. wantedB. are wantedC. were wantedD. have wanted2. There was a big earthquake in Japan, but luckily many people .A. saveB. savedC. are savedD. were saved1. C 句意:嘿,Molly，刚才有电话找你，但是你不在，那个人留下了一个电话号码。
哦? (刚才)我在图书馆。
本题考查被动语态的用法。
根据句意及just now可知应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为C。
2. D 句意:日本发生了大地震，但幸运的是许多人得救了。
本题考查时态和语态。
由于前一个分句是一般过去时，所以后一个分句也要用一般过去时;又因为people与save是被动关系,所以此题应用一般过去时的被动语态。
故答案选D项。
5.一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态由“shall\will be +过去分词”或“am/ is/ are going to be +过去分词”构成。
A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。
That book is going to be made into a movie. 那本书将被改编成电影。
1. More money when we use both sides of paper.A. will saveB. was savedC. has savedD. will be saved2. The radio says a wild animal zoo is going to _in our city.A. be builtB. builtC. buildD. be building1. D 句意:当我们用纸的两面时,将节约更多的钱。
本题考查时态和语态。
more money 和save之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，排除A、C两项，根据when从句的一般现在时可知主句应该用一般将来时。
一般将来时的被动语态构成是:will be +动词的过去分词。
故答案为D项。
2.句意:收音机报道说一个野生动物园将在我们市建造。
本题考查被动语态。
由于z00和build之间存在被动关系，根据题干可知,此题应用一般将来时的被动语态。
故答案选A 项。
6.现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态由“am/ is/are being +过去分词”构成。
A new chemistry lab is being built in our school. 我们学校正在修建个新的化学实验室。
In China, big plans are now being made to send up more satellites and even build a space station. 现在中国正在制订一些大计划要发射更多的卫星，甚至要建一个太空站。
7.现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态由“have/has been +过去分词”构成。
Well, he has been trained to understand different instructions.哦,他已经被训练得能理解不同的指令了。
Millions of trees have been planted in our city this year. 今年我们市种植了数百万棵树。
1. No decision about that matter yet. We are still considering it.A. has been madeB. has madeC. will be madeD. will make句意:关于那件事还没有做决定。
我们仍然在考虑。
本题考查时态和语态。
短语make a decision意为“做决定”，上句中主语decision与谓语动词make之间存在被动关系，故用动词的被动语态，可排除B、D两项;又根据句意及关键词yet可知，应用现在完成时。
8.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成。
Teenagers should be allowed to go out with their friends every night.应该允许青少年每天晚上和他们的朋友们一起外出。
The classroom must be cleaned at once. 教室必须马上打扫。
1. --It's difficult for village children to cross the river to school.- -I think a bridge over the river.A. should be builtB. will buildC. is builtD. was built1. A 句意:一对农村的孩子来说，横穿河流去上学真是太难了。
我认为应该在河上建造一座桥。
本题考查被动语态。
题干中的主语bridge和谓语动词build 之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。
含有情态动词的被动语态的形式为:情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词。
9. 被动语态的用法1. 不清楚动作的执行者时当不清楚动作的执行者时，应用被动语态。
The glass was broken yesterday.昨天那个玻璃杯被打破了。
Our school was set up in 1951.我们学校始建于1951年。
2.强调动作的承受者时当要强调动作的承受者时，应用被动语态。
The sick girl is being taken good care of. 那个生病的女孩正受到很好地看护。
3.不必指出动作的执行者时当不必指出动作的执行者时，应用被动语态。
The machine is made in China.这台机器是中国制造的。
Letters are collected at nine every morning. 信件每天早晨九点被收取。
4.句法结构需要时当动作的执行者有较长的修饰语时，需要用被动语态。
The plan was supported by those who lived far away from the factory.那个计划得到了那些住得离工厂较远的人们的支持。
5.表示“据说、据报道”等时，也用被动语态。
It's said that he is going abroad with his parents.据说他要随他的父母去国外。
It's reported that many people have been lost in the earth-quake.据报道，地震已造成许多人失踪。
10.主动语态与被动语态的转换主动句转换为被动句时，被动句的时态要与主动句的时态一样,但be动词的人称和数要根据被动句的主语来确定。
1. 基本句式“主语+谓语+宾语”的转换主动句变为被动句的方法一般分三步:1.将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语;2.将谓语动词由主动形式改为被动形式“be +过去分词”;3.将主动句的主语改为被动句中介词by的宾语( by短语有时可以省去)。
We plant many trees every year.Many trees are planted by us every year.1. My students always share ideas in class. ( 改为被动语态)Ideas always by my students in class.2. His parents didn't catch his words at once. (改为被动语态)His words by his parents at once.答案 1. are; shared 由于主动句是一般现在时,所以被动句要用一般现在时的被动语态结构“an/is/ are+过去分词”，故第一空填are;第二空填shared。