2011—2012学年度第一学期信息检索与利用专题检索报告课题：水污染与人体健康学院环境科学与工程学院专业环境工程班级09环工3班学号3109007656姓名温炜彬指导教师林豪慧2011年10月31日1、课题名称：水污染与人体健康2、课题分析关键词及其解释：水污染：水体因某种物质的介入，而导致其化学、物理、生物或者放射性等方面特征的改变，从而影响水的有效利用，危害人体健康或者破坏生态环境，造成水质恶化的现象。
人体健康：指一个人在身体、精神和社会等方面都处于良好的状态。
英文关键词：Water pollution Human health选题原因：长期以来，自来水作为城市居民的饮用水，一直是人们最为信赖的重要水资源，符合标准的自来水是可以直接饮用的。
然而，随着经济的发展，污染问题威胁到了自来水供水系统的源头——水源。
农业污染、人畜排泄物、垃圾、化工厂排放的污水废物⋯⋯水中开始出现了越来越多的、有害人类健康的有机物，甚至致命的细菌、病毒。
本报告通过水污染与人体健康的关系，强调了水体对人类的重要性，给人类群体敲醒警钟。
3、检索策略记录一、维普中文科技期刊数据库检索策略：(题名或关键词=水污染*年=1989-2011)*(题名或关键词=人体健康) 查询结果：共找到 57条二、万方数据资源系统检索策略：title:水污染 keyword:健康找到 39 篇论文三、中国知识资源总库检索策略：共找到30条四、读秀学术搜索检索策略：水污染+健康（二次搜索，结果中搜索）找到相关的条目约 7728 条五、中国科技经济新闻数据库检索策略：水污染+健康（二次搜索，与） 4条4、检索结果记录文献综述1 (Schwarzenbach, René P.1; Egli, Thomas1, 2; Hofstetter, Thomas B.1, 2; Von Gunten, Urs1,2; Wehrli, Bernhard1, 2Source: Annual Review of Environment and Resources, v 35, p 109-136, November21, 2010;ISSN:15435938; DOI:10.1146/annurev-environ-100809-125342; Publisher:Annual ReviewsInc.)Global water pollution and human healthAbstract: Water quality issues are a major challenge that humanity is facing in the twenty-firstcentury. Here, we review the main groups of aquatic contaminants, their effects on human health,and approaches to mitigate pollution of freshwater resources. Emphasis is placed on chemicalpollution, particularly on inorganic and organic micropollutants including toxic metals andmetalloids as well as a large variety of synthetic organic chemicals. Some aspects of waterbornediseases and the urgent need for improved sanitation in developing countries are also discussed.The review addresses current scientific advances to cope with the great diversity of pollutants.It is organized along the different temporal and spatial scales of global water pollution.Persistent organic pollutants(POPs) have affected water systems on a global scale for more thanfive decades; during that time geogenic pollutants, mining operations, and hazardous waste siteshave been the most relevant sources of long-term regional and local water pollution. Agriculturalchemicals and waste-water sources exert shorter-term effects on regional to local scales.Copyright © 2010 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved. (184 refs.)全球水资源的污染和人类健康摘要: 水质问题是人类在二十一世纪面临的一个重大挑战。
文献综述2(Törnqvist, Rebecka1; Jarsjö, Jerker1; Karimov, Bakhtiyor2Source: EnvironmentInternational, v 37, n 2, p 435-442, February 2011; ISSN:01604120; DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2010.11.006; Publisher: Elsevier Ltd)Health risks from large-scale water pollution: Trends in Central Asia Abstract: Limited data on the pollution status of spatially extensive water systems constrain health-risk assessments at basin-scales. Using a recipient measurement approach in a terminal water body, we show that agricultural and industrial pollutants in groundwater-surface water systems of the Aral Sea Drainage Basin (covering the main part of Central Asia) yield cumulative health hazards above guideline values in downstream surface waters, due to high concentrations of copper, arsenic, nitrite, and to certain extent dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Considering these high-impact contaminants, we furthermore perform trend analyses of their upstream spatial-temporal distribution, investigating dominant large-scale spreading mechanisms. The ratio between parent DDT and its degradation products showed that discharges into or depositions onto surface waters are likely to be recent or ongoing. In river water, copper concentrations peak during the spring season, after thawing and snow melt. High spatial variability of arsenic concentrations in river water could reflect its local presence in the top soil of nearby agricultural fields. Overall, groundwaters were associated with much higher health risks than surface waters. Health risks can therefore increase considerably, if the downstream population must switch to groundwater-based drinking water supplies during surface water shortage. Arid regions are generally vulnerable to this problem due to ongoing irrigation expansion and climate changes. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. (60 refs.)大型水污染带来的健康风险：在中亚的发展趋势摘要：有限的空间广泛的水系统污染状况的数据限制在流域尺度的健康风险评估。
文献综述3 （[期刊论文] 《中国卫生工程学》 -2006年1期-鄂学礼，凌波，E Xue-li，LING Bo ）饮水污染对健康的影响摘要:饮用水是人类生存的基本需求。
饮水安全问题历来是国际最关注的公共卫生问题之一。
联合国的报告指出，在贫困地区，有80％的疾病是饮水不安全引起的。
每天约有2．5万人因此而死亡。
享有安全饮水已作为人权的标志之一。
2005年3月5日，国务院总理温家宝在十届全国人大政府工作报告中向全国人民郑重承诺“让人民群众喝上干净的水、呼吸清新的空气，有更好的工作和生活环境。