动词不定式(the infinitive)用法梳理（1）定义：动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
结构：“to +动词原形”，即“to do”,其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
否定形式为：not / never + to do句法功能：用作主语○1多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。
. To learn English well is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn English well.1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems.2. The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.○2动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
To see is to believe.(眼见为实；百闻不如一见)【翻译】成为一个老师是我的梦想。
.○3疑问词+不定式短语作主语可置于句首。
How to learn English well is important.补充：用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
如：It＋be＋名词＋to do It's our duty to take good care of the old.It takes sb + some time +to do How long did it take you to finish the workIt＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do 逻辑主语It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do “It is stupid of you to write down everything”，the teacher says. 注意：在③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等；在④中，常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词，强调对人的评价。
在不定式前的sb.，可看作其逻辑主语。
这一句式有时相当于Sb. is＋形容词＋to do句式，如：It's kind of you to help me with my English. = You are kind to help me with my English.⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do It seemed impossible to save money.【练习】1. It’s very nice of them (send) me the flowers.2. (become) a teacher is my dream.3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换)English well very important.4. It's our duty _________ the room every day. A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans5. It's hard for us _________ English well. A. Learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning6.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。
It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover.7. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.A. for，ofB. of，forC. to，forD. of，to用作宾语可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：在want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。
单词不定式及其否定形式单词不定式及其否定形式192103114125136147158161. They want _______(save) time by using shorter words and phrases.2. It’s time for class. Please stop _______(talk).3. I’d like _______(go) to the Temple of Heaven.4. We decided _______ at the end of this month. A. travel B. not start out C. to leave D. going5. The teacher told us _______in bed. A. Don’t read B. read not C. to not read D. not to read动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it + adj. / n. + to do...。
如：I find it difficult (remember)everything.I find it a good way (提高)my English.谓语动词(vt.)+不定式(作宾语)[说明]want(想) / try(试图) / decide(决定) /would like(想要) / hope(希望) / love(喜爱) / learn(学会) / agree(同意) / fail(失败、未能) / wish(希望) + to(do)(无)归纳及注意注意：后跟不带to 的动词做宾语补足语的词，see sb. do sth. / watch sb. do sth. / make sb. do sth./have sb. do sth. / let sb. do sth.【巩固练习】1. Let him _______ a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk.A. hasB. haveC. to haveD. having2. _______the computer is a problem.A. How to useB. What to useC. Where to useD. Which to use3. The teacher told us _______in bed.A. don’t readB. read notC. to not readD. not to read4. The TV set is too loud. Will you please _______A. turn down itB. turn it downC. to turn it downD. to turn down it5. It’s cold outside. You had better _______ your coat.A. to put onB. putting onC. puts onD. put on二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. It took half an hour _______(get) to the World Park from Kitty’s school.2. It was interesting _______(see) so many places of interest from all over the world.3. They want _______(save) time by using shorter words and phrases.4. Kitty’s classmate Daniel taught himself how _______(make) a home page.5. He put his photos on it for everyone _______(look) at.6. Help him _______(put) the photos in the correct order.7. He made the girl _______(cry) yesterday.双宾语定义：当一个句子中出现两个动作的承受着，一个是物，一个是人，采用下列表达方式：动词+人+物= 动词+物+介词+人。
此时，人为间接宾语，物为直接宾语，这两个宾语称为“双宾语”。
结构：“及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”或“及物动词+ 直接宾语+ to/for +间接宾语”例子：I give you a rose.【主语】【动词】【间接宾语】【直接宾语】I give a rose to you.【主语】【动词】【】【】【】【判断】I passed him an apple.I passed an apple to him.【辨析点】双宾语结构为“及物动词+ 直接宾语+ to/for +间接宾语”时，根据动词不同，介词有时为to, 有时为for .其中to侧重指动作的方向，表示“朝着，向着，对着”；其中for侧重指动作的受益者，表示“为了…，替…”。
常见搭配：to forgive sb. sth. = give sb. buy sb. sth. = give sb.send sb. sth. = send sb. make sb. sth. = give sb.show sb. sth. = show sb. cook sb. sth. = give sb.teach sb. sth. = teach sb.lend sb. sth. = lend sb.【巩固练习】Can you explainA. this problem to meB. me problemC. to me problemD. my this problem2. He made a new dress his wife and gave it her on her birthday.3. Read the letter and ________ him. A. pass it on to B. pass on it to C. pass it for D. pass it on改写句子The teacher gave me some advice.=She lent me her bike. =Father bought me an ice cream. =。