专题训练对应学生用书P102[1]In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The __1__ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of __2__ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we __3__ a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to__4__ an object than to spend time and money to repair it. __5__ modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and __6__.Another cause is our __7__ of disposable (一次性的) products. As __8__ people, we are always looking for __9__ to save time and make our lives easier. Companies __10__ thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups，and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also __11__ to the problem.We are __12__ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that __13__ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we __14__ useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the __15__ of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To __16__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the __17__，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. __18__，this is not enough to solve(解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions __19__ throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about __20__. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。
现代社会中，人们扔掉的垃圾越来越多。
文章讨论了产生这种问题的原因，并提出了改变消费方式、利用可再生原料、保护环境等解决对策。
1．A.key B．reasonC．project D．problem解析根据上文“在现代社会，当东西用坏后，我们就会把它扔掉并买一个新的”和下文“人们扔掉了比以往更多的垃圾”可知，这是一个问题(problem)。
答案 D2．A.gifts B．rubbishC．debt D．products解析词汇复现题。
根据下文的“rubbish”和“Mountains of rubbish”可知，B 项正确。
答案 B3．A.face B．becomeC．observe D．change解析人们不断地扔垃圾，导致垃圾越来越多。
所以可判断该句句意为“我们是如何成为满是废品的社会的呢？”become“变成”。
答案 B4．A.hide B．controlC．replace D．withdraw解析句意：首先，现在替换一个东西要比花费时间、金钱修一个东西更加容易。
replace“替换”。
答案 C5．A.Thanks to B．As toC．Except for D．Regardless of解析根据下文“公司能快速而又廉价地生产产品”可知，这多亏了现代制造业和科技。
thanks to“多亏，幸亏”；as to“至于，关于”；except for“除了”；regardless of“不顾；不管”。
答案 A6．A.safe B．funnyC．cheap D．powerful解析根据上文“公司能快速而又廉价地生产产品”可知，产品应是丰富而又便宜的。
cheap“便宜的”。
答案 C7．A.love B．lackC．prevention D．division解析根据下文“节约时间和使我们的生活更加容易”可知，我们是“喜爱”一次性产品的。
love“喜爱；喜欢”。
答案 A8．A.sensitive B．kindC．brave D．busy解析根据下文“节约时间和使我们的生活更加容易”可知，我们是很忙的人。
上下句应是因果关系。
故选D项。
busy“繁忙的”。
答案 D9．A.ways B．placesC．jobs D．friends解析根据句意“作为繁忙的人，我们总是寻找节约时间和使我们的生活变得更容易的方法(way)”可知，选A项。
答案 A10．A.donate B．receiveC．produce D．preserve解析词汇复现题。
根据上文的produce一词可知，该空选C项。
答案 C11．A.adapts B．returnsC．responds D．contributes解析固定搭配题。
句意：我们对新产品的欲望也会导致这一问题。
contribute to“导致”；adapt to“适应”；return to“返回”；respond to“响应”。
答案 D12．A.tired of B．addicted toC．worried about D．ashamed for解析根据上文“我们对新产品的欲望”和下文“扔掉有用之物来为新买的东西腾出空间”可知，我们对买新产品“上瘾”。
be addicted to“对……上瘾”。
答案 B13．A.newer B．strongerC．higher D．larger解析根据本句中的the latest products“最新的产品”可知，该句句意是“广告说服我们，使我们认为更新的(newer)产品更好”。
答案 A14．A.pick up B．pay forC．hold onto D．throw away解析词汇复现题。
根据上下文的throwaway一词，再结合该句句意“结果是我们扔掉了有用之物来为新买的东西腾出空间”可知，D项正确。
throw away“扔掉”。
答案 D15．A.advantages B．purposesC．functions D．consequences解析根据下文“垃圾山越来越大”可知，这是我们的“这种扔掉型的生活方式”所造成的结果。
advantage“优势”；purpose“目的”；function“功能”；consequence“结果”。
答案 D16．A.show B．recordC．decrease D．measure解析根据下文的“保护我们的环境和要求人们使用可再生原料”可知，该处句意为“为了减少(decrease)垃圾的数量”。
答案 C17．A.technology B．environmentC．consumers D．brands解析背景常识题。
根据我们所学的知识“使用可再生原料”就是“保护环境(environment)”可知，B项正确。
答案 B18．A.However B．OtherwiseC．Therefore D．Meanwhile解析上文提到一种保护环境的方法，下文又说这种方法还不足以解决我们的(垃圾越来越多的)问题。
可知，上下文应是转折关系，故用however“然而”。
答案 A19．A.by B．in favour ofC．after D．instead of解析这种方法就是修理我们的东西而不是扔掉它们。
空格前后应是正反对比关系。
instead of“而不是”。
答案 D20．A.spending B．collectingC．repairing D．advertising解析词汇复现题。
根据下文的spending一词可知此处选A。
句意：我们也需要重新思考我们对于花费的态度。
答案 A[2]One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However，life can be __1__ when you are not busy finding fault with it.Several years ago I __2__ a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry，who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always __3__ by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and __4__ was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really __5__ person.Unfortunately，it took a horrible accident to change her __6__. Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost __7__ to deal with was that the day before the __8__，Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her __9__ of boyfriends, the way she was living，the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to __10__. It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became __11__ her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to __12__ everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her __13__ as well.Perhaps most of us aren't extreme at fault-finding, __14__ when we're honest，we can be sharply __15__ of the world. I'm not suggesting you__16__ problems，or that you pretend things are __17__ than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are—__18__ most of the time，and especially when it's not a really big __19__.Train yourself to“bite your tongue”，and with a little __20__，you'll get really good at letting things go. And when you do，you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.【语篇解读】本文为议论文。