合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):
everyday pathway riverside
派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):
frustration darkest loneliest freedom
转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性):
lock place
合成法 (Compounding)
⑶ 形容词的后缀 -able/ible /al/ful/less/ly /y/ ous / ious/ ed/ ing enjoyable horrible natural careful hopeless friendly cloudy dangerous serious excited exciting
(4) 一些表示特殊意义的前缀 auto- 自动automobile auto bicycle micro- 微小 microscope microcomputer mini- 小型minibus miniskirt
minimarket
2. 后缀
⑴ 表示 “……的人” 的后缀 ① -er ……的人 v. /n. +er reader villager ② -or ……的人 actor governor ③ -ress 表示女性，雌性 actress waitress ④ -ese ……人 Chinese Japanese ⑤ -an ……人 American Australian ⑥ -ist ……家，者 artist novelist
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้，事竟成 。
— Thomas Edison
构词法
Teacher:
Sharon
Word Formation
构词法
合成法
派生法 转化法
Classify: pathway freedom darkest place
frustration lock everyday riverside loneliest
⑷ n. + v-ing = n.
handwriting horse riding
2. 合成形容词 (Adjective compounds)
warm-hearted
3. 合成介词 4. 合成副词 5. 合成动词 6. 合成代词
meat-eating home-made
派生法(Derivation)
mistake
⑥ dis + v. / adj.
dislike dishonest
⑵ 表示空间位置关系的前缀 a- 在……之上,处于……的状态 ahead abroad fore- 在……前面 forehead forearm out- 向外 outside outdoors outlook pre- 在……之前prewar prepay under- 在……之下underground underline up- 向上 upward upstairs tele- 远 telephone television
(2)构成抽象名词＆集合名词的后缀 ① v. + ment movement ② v. + ion / sion / tion / ation action pronunciation decision ③ n. + ship friendship membership ④ adj. + ness kindness
(3) 表示时间序列关系的前缀 fore- 在前，预先 foretell foresight mid- 中间midnight mid-autumn re- 重复retell rebuild replace
rewrite over- 超过overeat overpass super- 极，超supermarket superman
转化(Conversion): 是由一词类转化为另一词类
动词转化为名词 : We paid a visit to the park yesterday.
名词转化为动词 : The hall can seat two thousand people.
形容词转化为动词:The car slowed down to half its speed.
1. 前缀法 一般来说前缀不会改变一个词的词性。
⑴ 否定前缀
① un + adj. / adv. / v. / unhappy unusually uncover
② im + adj.
impossible
③ in + adj.
incorrect
④ ir + adj.
irregular
⑤ mis + v.
⑷ 副词的后缀 -ly/ward/wards suddenly backwards northward
⑸ 动词的后缀 adj./n. + en deepen darken sharpen
Practice :
按括号内的要求改写下列单词
rain(形容词) _ra_i_n_y____ agree(反义)d__is_a_g_r_e_e___ nation(形容词)n_a_t_i_o_n_a_l farm(人)__fa_r_m__e_r___ recent(副词)r_e_c_e_n_t_ly__ friend(形容词f)_ri_e_n_d_ly___ hope(形容词)h_o_p_e_f_u_l_ back(形容词b)a_c_k_w_a_r_d_s__ visit(名词)_v_i_s_it_o_r____ home(形容词)h_o_m_e_l_e_s_s_ eight(序数词)_e_ig_h_t_h___ true(名词)_t_r_u_t_h______ America(形容词)A_m__e_r_ic_a_n China(形容词)C_h_i_n_e_s_e__
1. 合成名词 (Noun compounds) ⑴ n. + n. = n. spaceship classroom girlfriend ⑵ adj. + n. = n. blackboard greenhouse superstar
⑶ v-ing + n. = n.
dining room drinking water reading room