专业英语的语法语从句的主语和从句的主语相同时，从句 中的主语和助动词往往可以省略，有时甚至将连词一并省略。例： 1.[When (they are)] heated under pressure, the constituents fuse (together). 2.This method, while (it is) simple, can make very complicated castings. 3.[If (it is)] alloyed with tin, copper forms a series of alloys which are known as bronze.
专业英语的语法特点
五、省略句
目的：缩略句子长度，精炼句子
1、并列复合句的省略
各分句中相同成分——主语、谓语（助动词或行为动词）或宾语可 以省略。 如:The first treatment would require a minimum of 48 hours, while the second treatment would require 26 hours. 可以省略为：The first would require a minimum of 48 hours, the second only 26 hours.
专业英语的语法特点
3、不定式的使用
不定式在专业外语中的使用也十分频繁，在句中常用来替换表示目 的、功能的从句，使句中结构简练。
1. To control the transformation behavior of austenite, the process of alloying and heat treatments can be used. 2. To insure manufacture quality of electrode, the American Welding Society has set up certain requirement for electrodes.
专业英语的语法特点
五、省略句
4、其他省略句
(1).通过改变句子结构（有时是添加个别词语），省略一些词 语，将较长的句子压缩成较简短的句子。例如： 1. In the form in which they have been presented, the test results give no useful information. 可省略为： Thus presented, the test results give no useful information. (2)、使用标准的缩写词，将长句缩短。例如： The interface composition between matrix and reinforce can be analyzed by EMPA (Electron Micro Probe Analysis 的首字母缩写) (3)、使用某些特定的句型也可省略一部分句子成分。例如： The lower temperature of bainite formation the finer are these carbides and the structures produced become similar to that of tempered martensite.
2、专业英语与普通英语的区别：
主要表现在语法和词汇上。
3、我们所学这门专业英语的主要内容 听说、翻译和写作三部分
专业英语的语法特点
词汇
graphitization 石墨化 malleable adj.有延展性的, 可锻的 Iron n. 铁, 熨斗, 坚强, 烙铁, 镣铐 vt.烫平, 熨, 用铁装备 vi. 烫衣服 casting n.铸件, 铸造 cast iron 铸铁 responsiveness 关系，相关性 nodule 球粒，球状物 nodular （cast）iron 球墨铸铁 nodularization 球化 pearlite 珠光体 ferrite n. [化](正)铁酸盐, (冶)铁素 体 magnesium n. [化]镁 forge锻造，锻，锻炉 normalizing正火，常化 fine adj.美好的, 优良的, 杰出的, 精美的, 杰出的, 细, 纤细, 纯粹 n.罚款, 罚金, 晴天, 精细 vt.罚款, 精炼, 澄清 vi.变清, 变细 apply to 把…应用到…中， 把…施加到…中， austenite 奥氏体 austenitizing 奥氏化 die：钢型，印模，冲模 例：The die is cast. Segregation:分层（玻璃）； 分凝；离析，偏析 feed：进料，装料，进刀；馈 给，供电；进给量
专业英语的语法特点
一、非人称语气和客观性
Graphitization characteristics of both conventional malleable irons and magnesium-treated white irons have been proposed or reported in previous literature. However, no detailed investigation has been conducted regarding the heat-treatment responsiveness of Mg-treated malleable irons. In this paper, the influence of different foundry variable on first-stage and second-stage graphitization was investigated .Magnesium treatment contributed to improved nodularity, uniform nodule size, uniform nodule distribution and shorter first-stage graphitization time. Empirical regression equations were derived and indicated that the pearlite-ferrite ratio in the matrix can be controlled by varying the second-stage graphitization cooling rate through critical temperature range. The pearlite-ferrite ratio also depends upon the section size of the casting, the composition of the iron and the nodule count.
专业英语的语法特点
三、非谓语动词
1、分词的使用 2、动名词的使用 3、不定式的使用
专业英语的语法特点
1、分词的使用
在专业英语中，分词短语被大量地用作定语、 状语和独立分词结构，取代被动语态或主动语 态的关系从句，使句子结构得到简化。
1. In laser hardening, the surface of the work piece, coated with a substance which increases its absorptivity, is heated to austenitizing temperature. 2. Examined under a microscope, gray cast iron consists of metal matrix and graphite.
有时还可将状语从句中的连词、主语和谓语全部省略，只保留介词短语，而意义 不变。如上句可进一步简化为：
With tin，copper forms a series of alloys which are known as bronze.
专业英语的语法特点
五、省略句
3、定语从句中的省略
有关联词that或which引导的定语从句，关联词和从句谓语中的助 动词一并省略。上例句3可进一步省略为：Alloyed with tin, copper forms a bronze. 1. In this diagram the solid solution (which is) based on metal C is called the α phase. 2. The speeds and feeds (which is) used for pearlitic irons often cause cracking of the ferrite in the more ferrite areas. 3. The indirect arc furnace is a furnace (which is used) for melting nickel alloys, bronzes, gunmetals and special cast iron.
专业英语的语法特点
1. The pearlite structure can be achieved by control of cooling rate after solidification or by subsequent heat treatment.
2. The substitution of blasting hot air for blasting cold air results in a very considerable increase in melt temperature. 3. In recent years much concern has been growing over the production of various industrial parts with MMC.
专业英语的语法特点