2019年高考英语专题复习-定语从句定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。

1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。

如：that, which和where, when的区分；that, which和why的区分等。

2. 考查whose的使用。

whose可以指代人或物, 在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。

指物时，whose＋名词＝名词＋ of which ＝ of which＋名词。

如：The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 3. 考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。

尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。

4. 考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。

如：I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.5. 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。

“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。

关系代词作定语时也可用whose。

如：The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.6. 考查一些特殊的先行词。

如：当situation, point, case, activity, scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时, 要注意具体情况具体分析；作主语、宾语和表语时, 用关系代词that/which; 作状语时, 用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”, 表示在某种特定的情形下。

7. 考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。

The house where he lives needs repairing.which/that he lives in他住的房子需要修理。

Have you asked her for the reason that/which my explain her absence?why she was absent?你是否问过她缺席的原因？②辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。

I don’t like the man who always speaks ill of others.我不喜欢总是说他人坏话的人。

I will never forget the days when we worked together.我永远也忘不了我们在一起工作的日子。

③判断从句是限制性还是非限制性定语从句。

A dictionary is a book that gives the meanings of words.词典是解释词语意思的书。

A dictionary is a book, which gives the meanings of words.词典是一本书, 它给出词语的意思。

④判断关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语, 取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。

This is the point where I disagree.这就是我不同意的地方。

(disagree为不及物动词, 故关系词用where。

)This is the point (which/that) I disagree with.这就是我不同意的地方。

(从句缺少介词with的宾语, 用that/which引导, 也可以省略)1.（2018·新课标II卷·短文改错）They also had a small pond which they raised fish.【参考答案】which前加in 或which改为where【易错提醒】当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。

若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。

如：Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语）Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（tha t或which作spent的宾语）2. （2018·江苏卷·单项填空）Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【参考答案】B考点4限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句一、可以引导非限制性定语从句的引导词大部分可以引导限制性定语从句的关系词也可以引导非限制性定语从句，但是关系代词that和关系副词why通常除外。

1. 关系代词which先行词通常是指物的名词或代词，其中先行词还可以是短语或整个句子。

The villa, which we saw yesterday, is very beautiful.我们昨天看的别墅很漂亮。

（which指代the villa）Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.汤姆上学总是迟到，这一点令他的老师很生气。

（which指代整个主句的内容）2. 关系代词who,whom与whos e先行词指人时，who在引导的非限制性定语从句中作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语。

Bob’s father, who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt.鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年。

（who作主语）A young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。

（whom作宾语）I decided to write about Chaplin, one of whose films I had seen several years before.我决定写有关卓别林的文章，他的一部电影我几年前就看过了。

（whose作定语）3. 关系副词when与where关系副词在所引导的非限制性定语从句中作状语，where表示地点，when表示时间。

Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching.下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度暑假。

（when指代表示时间的名词短语next month，并作从句的状语。

）She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends.她要到澳门去居住，在那里她有几个密友。

（where指代表示地点的名词Macao，并在从句中作状语。

）4. as as可以引导非限制性定语从句，常有＂正如……＂的意思，所引导的从句既可置于主句之前，也可置于主句之后。

as多用于固定搭配中：as is known to all众所周知as has been said before如前所说as is often the case情况常常如此as may be imagined这可以想象得出as has been pointed out正如已经指出的那样as often happens这种情况常常发生as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的As you know, David is a photographer.=David, as you know, is a photographer.= David is a photographer, as you know.戴维是名摄影师，你是知道的。

（as引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。

）【易混辨析】as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别众所周知，吸烟有害健康。

（as引导定语从句，位于句首，指代整个主句内容）Allen has made much progress in English, which delighted us.艾伦英语取得了很大进步，这使我们很高兴。

（which引导定语从句，相当于and this，表示因果关系）二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别那套房子位于市中心，是我们上个月买的。

（非限制性定语从句，不表明有多少套房子）The house (which/that) we bought last month lies in the center of the city.我们上个月买的那套房子位于市中心。

（限制性定语从句，暗含＂可能有若干套房子＂之意）1.（2018·新课标卷I·语法填空）Like anything, it is possible to have too muchof both, 70 is not good for the health.【参考答案】 which【答案解析】句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。

分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。

2.（2018·新课标卷II·短文改错）In their spare time, they are interesting（改为interested）in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.【参考答案】 which【答案解析】非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。

I.单项填空1. She is looking forward to the day her daughter wins the gold medal in the Olympics.A.howB.whichC.whenD.where【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。