商务英语阅读（课后练习答案）Chapter One: EconomicsLesson OneⅠ. Check your comprehension: Decide if the sentences are T or F. Write T or F before each sentence. Compare your answer with your pair.1. T2. T3. F4. F5. FⅡ. Familiar yourself with the following key terms:A. Choose the statement that defines one of the business terms given below.1. distribute2. purchase3. loan4.resource5.interest6. supplierB. Identify the English expressions of the following Chinese terms.1.unemployment rate2.financial affairs3.auto loanitary pursuits5.civilian pursuits6.raise money7.medical care8.economic concernsⅢ. Vocabulary practice: Filling in the blanks with the proper words or expressions you have learned from the text given below to finish the following sentences.1. distributed2. varying3. economic4. purchasing5. resources6. exchange7.campaign8. issueⅣ. Translation.1．人类有多种需要和需求。
经济学仅仅关注人的物质需求。
这些需求可以通过消费商品来得到满足─或者是实货（有形商品，如食物），或者是服务（无形商品，如供热）。
2．所有的社会都存在三个共同的基本问题，即：生产什么、怎样生产和为谁生产。
前两个问题代表的是生产，而第三个问题则代表的是分配。
3．人类的需要和需求几乎是无限的，然而不幸的是，人们发现自己的资源很缺乏。
4．经济学中最为古老的话题也许就是为什么有些国家富有，而其他国家贫穷。
有一点没有异议，那就是在许多发展中国家里，受过高等教育的劳动者稀缺。
V. Oral Practice: Discussion the following two questions with your group members in English.（Omitted）Lesson TwoⅠ. Check your comprehension: Decide if the sentences are T or F. Write T or F before each sentence. Compare your answer with your pair.1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T6.FⅡ. Familiar yourself with the following key terms: Choose the statement that defines one of the business terms given below.1.consumption2. household3. macroeconomic4. inflation5. workforce6. revolutionaryⅢ. Make sentences using the following words or patterns.1. When children are concerned with their parents’divorce, they are very unhelpful and painful.2. Children thrive on good food.3. Management must determine the firm’s cash needs for both the short and long term.4. We must inquire into t he matter before drawing the conclusion.5. Her old age pension gives her barely enough to get by.Ⅳ. Translation.1. 经济学来源于社会哲学，并且与社会哲学有着紧密联系。
2. 宏观经济学与经济的全部工作特性有关系，而微观经济学与单个实体的行为有关系,诸如市场，公司和家庭。
3.在宏观经济中,我们总体上研究经济；在微观经济中,我们着眼于个体市场。
4. We study economics to inquire into the economy of a nation from both the whole and individual.5. The scope of economics is extremely wide, including many different economic fields.6. Although macroeconomics is essentially related to microeconomics, it is still different from microeconomics.V. Oral Practice: Discussion the following two questions with your group members in English. （Omitted）Lesson ThreeⅠ. Check your comprehension: Decide if the sentences are T or F. Write T or F before each sentence. Compare your answer with your pair.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. FⅡ. Familiar yourself with the following key terms: Match each word on the left with its correct meaning on the right.1. c2. b3. d4. a5. f6. eⅢ. Cloze: Fill in each blank with an appropriate word from the list given below. Make changes wherever necessary.The term market has many meanings. To some people it means the place where they shop for groceries. To other people it means the stock market where people can buy or sell shares. To a manufacturer of women’s dresses it means the current level of demand for dresses.We can also take a market as a set of economic forces called supply and demand. Supply forces tend to bring goods and services into consumption.Demand forces tend to result in consumption of those goods and services. Supply and demand forces interact to form a price. Since markets play a large role in our economy,we say we have a market economy. A market economy is an economic system in which prices determine how resources will be used and how products will be distributed.IV. Translation.经济学家们谈及供求规律，就是指价格的上涨就会增加供应而价格的下降就会减少供应。
如果某一件独特的商品价格上升了,肯定会鼓励生产者生产更多的这类商品。
相反，如果价格在当地或在全球下降了，生产者将会减少对它的生产。
V. Writing practice: Please give a summary of this article (around 200 words).(Omitted)Lesson FourⅠ. Check your comprehension: Decide if the sentences are T or F. Write T or F before each sentence. Compare your answer with your pair.1. F2. T3. F4. T5. FⅡ. Choose the best answer to each of the following statements according to the text.1. c.2. d.3. d.4. b.5.d.Ⅲ. Translation.1. 有人卖时就有人买；公司在开发新产品时，政府就会通过法律管制污染。
2．价钱太高意味着由于生产过多而造成的过量供应；价钱太低会导致商店里排长队买东西和商品的短缺。
3．生产什么产品不是由消费者投票决定的─每2年或4年搞一次民意测验，而是由他们每日的购买所决定。
4．公司不断地受追求最大限度的利润所驱使─即获取纯收入或是总销售和总成本之间的差额。
5.人们的收入在很大程度上依靠他们自己所拥有的财产，依靠他们习得或继承的能力，依靠他们的运气，依靠种族和性别歧视的程度。
IV. Cloze: Fill in each blank with an appropriate word from the list given below. Make changes wherever necessary.Supplies of many commodities can generally be adjusted to suit market conditions. This means that changes in price lead to changes in the quantity of a particular commodity which is made available to consumers. In such instances supply is said to be “elastic”, because it can be increased and decreased rapidly in response to market prices.Elasticity of supply, as a response to changes in price, is related to demand. Economists define “demand”as a consumer’s desire or want, together with his willingness to pay for what he wants. We can say that demand is indicated by our willingness to offer money for particular goods or services.V. Oral Practice: Discuss the following two questions with your group members in English. (Omitted)Lesson FiveⅠ. Check your comprehension: Decide if the sentences are T or F. Write T or F before each sentence. Compare your answer with your pair.1. T2. T3. F4. T5. T6. F7.T8.TⅡ. Check your comprehension: Choose the best answer to each of the following statements.1. d.2. a.3. b.4. d.5. c.Ⅲ. Translation.1. 史密斯对市场机制指导作用的洞察激发了包括资本主义的钦佩者和批评家在内的现代经济学者。