英语考研单词整理笔记翻硕复习的一大重头戏就是词汇,而词汇量是巨大的,必须要有日常的积累和复习,并且掌握科学的记忆方法,才能最有效地积累词汇量。
下面是关于英语词汇的学习笔记以供大家参考。
(1)1、bicker(vi) ~ with sb over/about sth (为小事)争吵The children are always bickering over their toys 孩子们常常为了玩具争吵★ wrangle(vi,n) ~ with sb about/over sth 与某人为某事争吵或争辩They were involved in a long legal wrangle with the company over payment。
他们与那家公司在付款问题上陷入长期的法律纠纷中。
2、contrive(vt)plan cleverly or deceitfully;invent;design 谋划或策划某事,发明,设计(vt)想尽办法做某事contrive to live on a small income 靠微薄收入精打细算过日子◎ contrived(adj)(贬)人为的,策划的,虚假的,非自发的a contrived incident intended to mislead the newspaper 企图蒙蔽报界的人为事件。
★ hatch(vi)~ out (指小鸟、小鱼)从卵里孵出The hen hatches out her young by sitting on the eggs 母鸡伏在蛋上孵小鸡。
(vt) ~ sth out/up 策划(阴谋),拟定(计划)What mischief are those children hatching up?那些孩子在琢磨什么鬼花样?3、dazzle(vt)(通常用于被动语态)(因强光、闪烁等)使某人目眩,眼花缭乱I was dazzled by his headlights。
他的车头灯照的我目眩。
(vt)使某人赞许,称奇He was dazzled by her beauty and wit 她的聪明美貌使他为之神魂颠倒。
★ glare(n)耀眼的光;怒视,恶狠狠的注视(习)in the glare of publicity 经常在报纸电视上的,受公众瞩目(vi) ~ at sb/sth 怒视,恶狠狠的盯视He didn’t shout and swear,but just glared sliently at me。
他不喊不骂,只是默默怒视着我。
◎ glaring(adj)令人目眩的,耀眼的;生气的,凶狠的4、fumble(vt)(笨拙的或紧张的)摸索或处理某事物He fumbled the ball and then dropped it。
他笨手笨脚的漏接了球。
(vi) ~ at/for/with sth 笨手笨脚的寻找某物She fumbled with her notes and began to speak 她手忙脚乱的翻出讲稿,然后开始讲话★ grope(vi) ~ about for/after sth 摸索,探索a tricky question which groping him for an answer。
迫使他搜寻答案的棘手问题5、impair(vt)削弱或损害某事物Today’s attack has seriously impaired attempts to achieve peace in the area。
今日发动的攻击严重损害了在该地区谋求和平的努力。
★ damage(n) ~ to sth 损失,损害,损毁; (复数)损害赔偿金(v) 损害,损坏damage relations between two countries 损害两国的关系6、mortify(vt)(通常用于被动语态)使某人深感羞辱或难堪He felt mortified 他深感难堪◎ mortifying(adj)使人丢脸的◎ mortification(n)难堪★ humiliate(vt)使某人感到羞耻或不光彩,使丧失尊严或自尊He felt humiliated by her scornful remarks 他听到她那些嘲讽的话而感到屈辱。
◎ humiliation(n)受辱7、predominant(adj)有势力的,占优势的Which country is the predominant member of the alliance?哪个国家在联盟中居于支配地位?(adj)极其显著的,盛行的Her predominant character is honesty。
她最为突出的优点是诚实。
★ outstanding(adj)杰出的,优秀的,(adj)(通常做定语)地位显著的,为人瞩目的The outstanding features of the landscape。
景色的显著特点。
8、sanitary(adj)清洁的,卫生的,保健的Conditions in the kitchen was not very sanitary。
厨房环境不太卫生★ hygienic(adj)卫生的,清洁的hygienic conditions 卫生的环境◎ hygiene(n)卫生学9、wallet(n)钱包、皮夹(尤指用于放纸币、证件的)★ purse(n)小钱袋,小钱包10、warrant(n) ~ for sth 授权命令issue a warrant for sb’s arrest 发出逮捕某人的逮捕状(n)(可得到货、钱、服务的)凭证,证件a travel warrant 通行证(n) ~ for sth/doing sth 正当理由,根据He had no warrant for doing that 他那样做毫无道理(vt) 证明正当、有理或恰当Nothing can warrant such severe punishment。
这样严厉 de 惩罚毫无依据。
★ assurance(n)自信,把握;保证,担保◎ assure(v)明确或有信心的告诉某人,向某人保证可能做的都做到了。
They were assured that everything possible was done 已经向他们保证,凡是乐于工作。
(v) ~ sb/oneself of sth 使某人(自己)对某事物确信不疑或觉得肯定无误They tried to assure him of their willingness to work 他们尽力使他相信他们◎ assured(或者 self-assured)(adj)自信的,有把握的(2)1、allocate(vt) ~ sth to sb/sth assign sth for a special perpuse(为某目的)配给,分配某事物给某人allocate funds to us for repair work 拨出经费给我们做修理费◎ allocation(n) 配给,分配,拨出★ apportion(vt) ~ sth among/to sb give sth as a share 分配某事物,分派某事物I don’t wish to apportion blame among you/to any of you。
我不愿意怪罪大家。
◎ apportionment(n)分配,分派2、brawl(n)大声争吵,打架(vi)打闹gangs of youths brawling in the streets 在街上打打闹闹的一帮青年★ fight(vi) ~ against 争取克服、战胜、摧毁或防止某事物fight against poverty 与贫困做斗争The two dogs are fighting over a bone。
两只小狗为一块骨头撕咬。
(vi) ~ about/over sth 争吵,争论It’s a trivial matter and not worth fighting about。
区区小事不值得争吵。
(词组)fight back 反击,回击,抵抗After a disastrous first half the team fought back to level the match。
该队在上半场惨败后重整旗鼓以求扳回平局。
(词组)fight sb/sth off 抵抗或击退某人某事物fighting off repeated enemy attack 击退敌人一次又一次的进攻。
3、cynical(adj)愤世嫉俗的,自私的不为人所齿的,心中只有自己的尔尔。
They’ve grown rather cynical abo ut democracy他们逐渐感到所谓民主制度也不过★ sarcastic(adj)讽刺的,讥讽的,挖苦的a sarcastic person 好挖苦的人◎ sarcasm(n)讽刺,挖苦★ contemptuous(adj)鄙视的,表示轻蔑的He threw it away with contemptuous gesture。
他带着不屑一顾的样子把它扔了。
★ sneer(vi) ~ at sb/sth 嘲笑,讥笑某人某事物I resent the way he sneer at our efforts 我们已十分努力而他还讥笑我们,我很反感。
4、embellish(vt) ~ sth with sth 美化、装饰或修饰某物;渲染、添枝加叶(使之更有趣,可笑)a dress embellished with lace and ribbons 有花边和饰带的连衣裙He often embellishes the tales of his travels。
他常给他的旅游趣闻添枝加叶。
◎ embellishment(n)装饰、渲染、润色;装饰之物★ adorn(vt) ~ sth/sb/oneself with sth 装饰某物、某人、自己,装点,佩戴,装扮The dancer was adorned with flowers 跳舞的人戴着许多花。
5、gallant(adj)勇敢的,英勇的;华丽的,堂皇的a gallant soldier 勇敢的战士a gallant ship 华丽的船◎ gallantry(n)勇气,勇敢,英勇He won many hearts by his gallantry。
他以殷勤热情赢得芳心无数。
★ splendid(adj)华丽的,壮丽的,堂皇的a splendid house 富丽堂皇的房子6、immerse(vt) ~ sth in sth 使某物浸于某液体中immerse the plant in water 把植物浸在水中(vi) ~ oneself in sth 使自己专心于,沉浸于He immersed himself totally in his work。