一、部分倒装：（将谓语的一部分-助动词，情态动词，be动词提前）a.I have never been there.→Never have I been there.我从未去过那里。
b. He seldom comes late.→Seldom does he come late.他很少迟到。
c. She can hardly answer my question.→Hardly can she answer my question.她几乎不能回答我的问题。
d. We know little about them.→Little do we know about them .我们几乎不了解他们的情况。
a. Nothing did the boy learn in class.那个男孩在课堂上什么都没有学到。
解析：nothing是否定词，在句中做宾语，放在句首时句子实行了部分倒装，所以将助动词did放在了前面。
正常语序是：The boy learned nothing in class .b. Nowhere can you find me.你们在哪里都找不到我。
解析：nowhere 是否定词，在句中做状语，放在句首句子实行了部分倒装，所以将情态动词can提到了前面。
正常语序是：You can find me nowhere .c. Nobody did I see there.在哪里我没看见任何人。
解析：nobody是否定词，在句中做宾语，放在句首句子部分倒装了，所以将助动词did提前了。
2. so…that…/such…that…句型中,将so…/such…部分位于句首时，前面的句子部分倒装a. He ran so fast that I didn’t catch up with him.→So fast did he run that I didn’t catch up with him.他跑得是那样的快以至于我没有赶上他。
b. She is such a good person that all of us like her.→Such a good person is she that all of us like her.她是那样好的一个人以至于我们都喜欢她。
3.在条件虚拟语气中省掉if将had/should/were提前注意：将下面的句子省掉if变成倒装句：1）如果我昨天没有回家我就看见那个歌星了。
If I hadn’t gone home yesterday, I would have seen the film star.→Had I not gone home yesterday, I would have seen the film star.a. Although he is achild, he knows a lot.→Child though/as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个小孩，但他懂得很多。
e. Although/Though he is the youngest in our family, my parents never spoil him.Youngest though/as he is in our family, my parents never spoil him.虽然他是我们家最小的，但我父母从不溺爱他。
解析：在倒装结构中如果是形容词的最高级必须省掉前面的定冠词。
a. 他是学生，学习很用功，你也一样。
He is a student and (he) works very hard. So it is with you./It is the same with you.b. 你不是球员，你不喜欢打篮球，我也一样。
You aren’t a player and you don’t like playing basketball. So it is with me./It's the same with me.c. 他不是歌唱家但是他歌唱得很好。
他弟弟也一样。
He isn’t a singer but he sings very well. So it is with his brother./It is the same with his brother.从上述三个句子可以看出前面并列句的谓语具有不同的性质。
但是：a.他是学生，他每天很忙，我也一样。
He is a student and he is very busy every day. So am I.b. 他们住在北方并且喜欢滑冰，我的好朋友也一样。
They live in the north and they like skating .So does my good friend.当so用作副词，表示对上文的观点认同时，其后用正常语序。
即：so+主语+助动词/情态动词 /be 动词a. —今天很冷。
—是的，今天很冷。
—It’s very cold today.—So it is.b.—他们昨天走了。
—是的，他们昨天走了。
—They left yesterday.—So they did.c. —你爸爸回来了。
—是的，我爸爸回来了。
—Your father has come back.—So he has.d. 你说他学习用功。
是的，他学习用功，你也一样。
You say he works hard, so he does and so do you.再看下面两种情况：a.她决定先把钱包交上去，她就是这样做的。
She decided to turn in the wallet first and so she did=and she did so.b.医生叫他做深呼吸，他就这样做了。
The doctor told him to take a deep breath and he did so.7.在否定句中，后一分句符合前一分句的情况，用neither/nor/no more+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语a. 你们不去，我也就不去。
You won’t go, neither/nor no more will I.b. 你的家乡不大，我的也是。
Your hometown isn’t big , neither/nor /no more is mine.c. 他去年没有看小说，我的妹妹也是。
He didn’t read a novel, neither/nor /no more did my sister.但是：要注意以下情况：a. If you don’t do your homework in the evening, neither do I.如果你晚上不做家庭作业，我也不做。
解析：因为指的是一般性的动作，所以后一句的助动词要用一般现在时的do.b. If you don’t do your homework this evening, neither will I.如果你今天晚上不做家庭作业，我也不做。
解析：因为今天晚上这个时间还没有到，所以后一句的助动词要用will.2) 当前后主语一致的时候，只能用nor+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。
a. He doesn’t watch TV on Sunday, nor does he play football.他星期天不看电视，也不踢足球。
b. I don’t know, nor do I care.我不知道，也不在乎。
8.频度副词always, often, usually, once, many a time, now and then, every other day…位于句首时，常用部分倒装表示强调（也可以不倒装）如：他们上学总是迟到。
They always come late for s chool.→Always they come late for school. →Always do they come late for school.二、全部倒装：将整个谓语提前。
1.为了表示强调或者为了保持句子平衡，谓语中的分词、形容词或者动词不定式常被提到句首1) Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil.我们使用洋油的时代一去不复返了。
正常语序是：T he days when we used the foreign oil are gone.2)Surrounding the earth is the air of unknown thickness.地球的四周是不知厚度的空气。
正常语序是：T he air of unknown thickness is surrounding the earth .3)Lying under the tree were some apples.树下有一些苹果。
正常语序是：S ome apples were lying under the tree .4)Present at the meeting were two professors.出席会议的有两个教授。
正常语序是：T wo professors were present at the meeting .5)Hanging on the wall was a painting by her brother.他弟弟的画挂在墙上。
正常语序是：A painting by her brother was hanging on the wall .6)To devote ourselves to society is our duty.我们的职责是奉献社会。
正常语序是：Our duty is to devote ourselves to society.3.here,there,now,then位于句首时,句子全部倒装1) Now comes your turn.轮到你了。
1)Then appeared a loud noise.出现了很大的声音。
2)Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
→The bus is coming.3)There go es the bell.铃声响了。
→The bell is ringing.但是：当主语是人称代词时，不能倒装1) Here it is.2) There we are.3) Here he comes.4.in, out ,away, off, up, down等方位副词位于句首时，句子全部倒装（这时谓语动词常是come, go, fall, rush等）但：主语是人称代词时不能倒装。