高中英语语法之主谓一致概述：1) 语法形式上要一致,即用作主语的名词中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上一致2) 意义上要一致,即主语和谓语的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义.1 并列结构作主语时当意义为复数时谓语用复数注意: 当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词.The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.The singer and dancer ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注: 先从时态上考虑.这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C..本题易误选D,因为The singer and dancer 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别, dancer 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职或多重身份时只在第一个职务前加定冠词.后面的职务或身份用and 相连.这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B.2就近原则当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致.There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.总的来说，在由not only…but also…, not just…but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor…，Not …….but……, not only...but also...连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中，谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理，即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。

如：Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week.Either you or she is to go.试区别：Nobody but Tom and Jack ( be ) going to Shanghai tomorrow.此句中的but 为介词，故but Tom and Jack 为介词短语作Nobody的修饰语，主语为Nobody，横线上填is.3 就前原则当主语后面跟有with = together with = along with = as well as, except = but( 除了……), like(像…….),beside等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致.The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.He as well as I wants to go boating.4 谓语需用单数1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数.Each of us has a tape-recorder.There is something wrong with my watch.Every boy and every girl is having a nice speech.No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔.2) 表示金钱,时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数.Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.Ten yuan is enough.5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数代词作主语时看所指代的内容（代词、分数、百分数、half、most、some、all、such、the following 以及主语从句作代词意义）All is right. (一切顺利.)All are present. (所有人都到齐了.)Such is Chairman Xi. Such are his works（著作）.What I need is a cup of tea. What I need are the two books.6 集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定, 如family, audience, police, cattle, crowd, class, nation, the whole city等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体.His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭.His family are having supper. 他们一家人正在吃饭.7动词不定式或动名词V-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如:Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯.When and where to go hasn’t been decided yet. 何时走、去哪里还没被决定。

8 "one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.例如: He is one of the top students who have worked out the problem.He is the only one of the top students who has worked out the problem.9 A number of cnpl. are ……（许多…….）The number of cnpl. is ……（……的数量）Many a student is ……=Many students are …… = A great many students are……Most students are…..=The majority of students are…..=Most of the students are …..More than one student is……One or two students are ……One and a half cakes is ……主谓一致练习1. Neither of them ______ going to the cinema. Both of them _____ going to the cinema.A. is ; areB. is ; isC. are ; wasD. are ; is2. All but one _____ here just now. All that I want to say ____ this.A. was; wereB. was; isC. were; isD. were; were3. A number of students ____ gone for an outing. The number of the students ______ increasing year. A. have; has B. is; have C. has; have D. have; is4. Some of the oranges ______ turned bad. Some of the milk _______ turned sour (酸).A. have; hasB. have; haveC. has; haveD. have; is5. Each student -____ got an English- Chinese dictionary. The students each ______ a dictionary.A. have; hasB. has; haveC. have; haveD. has; has6. There _____ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There ________ some bowls, plates anda spoon on it.A. is; areB. are; areC. are; isD. is; is7. Either the judge or the lawyers ________ wrong. Either you or he _______ to blame.A. is; areB. are; isC. are; areD. is; is8. His family ______ all very well. His famil y _______ a “ five good” one.A. are; isB. is; isC. are; areD. is; are9. My blue trousers ______ worn out. One pair of trousers ______ not enough.A. is; areB. are; areC. is; isD. are; is10. Our League secretary and monitor ______ the lead in everything. Our League secretary and the monitor ______ good friends.A. take; areB. take; isC. takes; isD. takes; are11. The girl as well as his parents _______ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor ______ surprised at Mary’s answer.A. have; wasB. have; wereC. has; wasD. has; were12. Who _____ the girl singing in the next room? Who ______ these people over there?A. are; areB. are; isC. is; areD. is; is13. Most of the students _____ boys. Most of his money _____ spent on books.A. are; isB. is ; isC. are; areD. is; are14. The policeman ______ standing at the street corner. The police _____ searching for him.A. are; isB. are; areC. is; areD. is; is15. The glasses ______ mine. That pair of glasses _____ my brother’s.A. are; isB. are; areC. is; areD. is; is16. The news at six o’clock _____ not true. Those pieces of news _____ to be broadcasted.A. are; isB. are; areC. is; areD. is; is17. Grandpa Wang and his two grandsons ______ taking a walk in the park now. Grandpa Wang, together with his two grandsons, ____ taking a walk in the park now.A. are; areB. is; areC. is; isD. are; is18. No one but Jane ______ the secret. Nobody but Mary and I ___ in the classroom at that time.A. know; wasB. knows; wasC. know; wereD. knows; were19. There _______ nothing but two looms in the hall. There _____ something wrong with the machine.A. was; isB. was; areC. were; isD. were; are20. He is one of the boys who _____ never late for school. He is the only one of the boys who _____ never late for school.A. is; areB. are; areC. are; isD. is; is21. What they have done ______ of great use to us. What he says and what he does ___ agree.A. is; notB. is; do notC. are; does notD. are; not22. Every picture except these two _______. Everything around us _____ matter.A. have been sold; isB. have been sold; areC. has been sold; isD. has been sold; are23. A woman with two children ______ coming up to us. Mary, along with her parents, ___ moved to Paris.A. is; hasB. is; haveC. are; haveD. are; has24. one sixth of our classmates _____ from peasant families. One fifth of her time ____ devoted to writing.A. comes; isB. come; areC. come; isD. comes; are25. Only 10 percent of the stu dents in the class _____ League members. About 40% of Jim’s income ________ to the rent (租金).A. are; goesB. are; goC. is; goesD. is; go26. It is this teacher who ______ leaving for London. It is you who ____ next.A. are; areB. is; areC. are; isD. is; is27. The population of the earth _____ increasing fast. One third of the population here _____ workers.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; isD. are; are28. This kind of snakes _____ very dangerous. These kinds of metal _____ hard to find.A. is; isB. are; isC. is; areD. are; are29. Half of the visitors _____ from Europe. Half of the fruit _____ bad.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; isD. are; are30. Every man worker and every woman worker _____ free medical care. At Christmas each boy and each girl _____ given a present.A. enjoy; isB. enjoy; areC.enjoys; isD. enjoys; are31. Many a man ______ seen the wonderful film. Many men _____ seen the wonderful film.A. has; hasB. has; haveC. have; hasD. have; have32. Going to bed early and getting up early _____ a good habit. Singing and dancing _____ two of the things that he likes best.A. is; isB. are; isC. is; areD. are; are33. Such ______ Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. Such ______ her words.A. were; wereB. was; wereC. were; wereD. was; was34. Besides Xiao Wang, Wiao Ma _____ willing to do the work. The factory, including its machines _____ burnt last night.A. was; isB. were; isC. was; areD. were; are35. If anybody _____, ask him to wait. _____ there anything I can do for you?A. come; IsB. come; AreC. comes; AreD. comes; Is36. Chinese _____ not so difficult to learn. The Chinese people ________ brave and hard working.A. is; isB. are; isC. is; areD. are; are37. Little _____ done to prevent the air from being polluted. Much _____ done to against fightpollution.A. has been; have beenB. have; hasC. has been; has beenD. have been; have been38. Do you know the singer and dancer who _____standing at the gate? China has thousands of islands, the largest of which ____ Taiwan.A. is; areB. is ; isC. are; isD. are; are39. Each of the girls ____ an orange. Each ______ his duty.A. have; hasB. have; haveC. has; hasD. has; have40. When we are to hold the sports meet ____ been decided. Whether he succeeds or fails ______ matter.A. have; don’tB. has; d on’tC. have; doesn’tD. has; does’t41. Her clothes ____ nearly worn out. His physics ______ weaker than others.A. is; isB. are; isC. is; areD. are; are42. Five hundred dollars ______ more than he can afford.A. isB. are43. Food and clothing ____ daily necessities for people.A. isB. are44. The United Nations ___ trying to persuade the two countries.A. isB. are45. Three kilometers ____ not a long distance.A. isB. are46. To say something _______ one thing, to do it _____ another.A. is; isB. are; are47. Reading English magazines and novels ____ helpful to your study of English.A. isB. are48. He like you and Xiao Liu ______ very diligent.A. isB. are49. Between the two buildings _____ a hospital.A. standB. stands50. How to get rid of these things ____ a big problem.A. areB. is答案：1—5 ACDAB 6—10ABADD 11—15CCACA 16—20CDBAD21—25BCACA 26—30BACCC 31—35BCBAD 36—40CCBCD41—45BABAA 46—50AAABB。