•names of places
• logical links with each other
• Figures of total areas
• percentage of distribution
• usage of lands
•Population / Density
•Languages
• religions
Theory and skills:
横向分析的练习则要求我们找出信息之间的逻辑关系。一般的信息结构 都遵从一定的逻辑关系模式，如：概括（generalization）、分类 （classification）、因果（cause-effect）、对比对照（compare & contrast）、按照时间、空间、步骤、重要性的顺序排列 （sequencing）、列举（simple listing）、提出问题-解决问题 （problem-solution）等。
Location
Task A: Introduction to UK
(Comprehension & Reconstruction)
Composition
Geography
Climate
& Culture
• names of places • relation to UK
• general description • figures of annual rainfall
We commit to ..............that are the source of.................because...............
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton on Supporting Women's Entrepreneurship
Theory and skills:
逻辑分析练习可分为纵向分析和横向分析练习。 纵向分析的训练方法和之前介绍的概述练习有些类似，但
侧重点不一样。纵向分析要求进行逻辑分层训练，即在听 完一篇讲话后首先用一句话概括出讲话的中心内容，这是 逻辑的最上层；围绕这一中心问题讲话人谈了哪几个方面 的内容，这是第二层关系；而每个方面又具体谈了些什么， 这是逻辑的下一个层次。就这样将信息一层一层地剖析下 去，形成一个清晰的逻辑线路图，然后按照逻辑线路对原 语讲话进行复述，复述时不必拘泥于原语的顺序和结构。
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton on Supporting Women's Entrepreneurship
Step1: Logic
The big challenge..... is how to........ To achieve....... we need to..........And that .......... is women.
Millions of women are ....... or they are ................. We will adopt a declaration to....................
There is no doubt that ................. If we really want to achieve....... we must....
口译技能训练之逻辑强化
Theory and skills:
口译中的逻辑分析指的是对讲话进行纵向和横 向的分析。
纵向分析是指分清关键信息和辅助信息，即找 出逻辑的层次；
横向分析则是明确各信息点之间的逻辑关系， 如因果关系、对比对照、举例说明等。
逻辑分析的目的是为了透彻地理解原语讲话的 内容，对信息的点（具体的信息内容）、线 （各点之间的联系）和面（即整体概念）进行 全面的把握，以便于记忆和表达。信息经过分 析加工，便能在记忆中留下更深的印象。
找逻辑关系可以根据线索词汇，如英文里表示概括关系的线索词汇有： to sum up, in summary, in conclusion, in brief, in short, on the whole 等；表示顺序的词汇有：first, second, furthermore, before, preceding, during, when, finally, meanwhile等；表示对比的词汇有： likewise, as well as, in common with, both, similarly，compared to等； 表示对照的有：on the other hand, on the contrary, otherwise, instead, still, yet, whereas, differently等；表示因果的则有：so, since, because, as a result, consequently, lead to等等。
Step2: Detail
Note-taking(30%)
Short-memory(70%)
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton on Supporting Women's Entrepreneurship
The big challenge we face in these early years of the 21st century, is how to grow our economies and ensure shared prosperity to all nations and all people. To achieve the economic expansion that we all seek, we need to unlock a vital source of growth that can power our economies in the decades to come. And that vital source is women.