1.救死扶伤(stronger
→ weaker) heal the wounded and rescue the dying (weaker →stronger) 2. 受打击、排斥或轻视(stronger → weaker) Be slighted, pushed aside or attacked (stronger → weaker)
The
second world war was, however，more complex than the preceding world war, which was a collision among the imperialist power over the spoils of market, resources, and territories. 第一次世界大战只是帝国主义列强之间争夺 市场、资源和领土的冲突，而第二次世界大 战却比较复杂。
Some
Inversion of sentence structure
English:
effect →cause conclusion → analysis hypothesis → premises Chinese: cause →effect analysis → conclusion premises → hypothesis
Chapter 8 Inversion
The
word order, logical and temporal sequences of thinking, saying and writing between the two languages may differ, especially in long sentences. Inversion implies a necessary change of word order to conform to the good usage in the target language.
Position of adjective clauses
Restrictive
adjective clauses which confine the meaning of nouns usually precede the nouns they modify to make the expression closely connected if they are not very long. Eg. Here we shall discuss only such factors as may cause distortion of signals. 在此我们只讨论那些可能会引起信号失真的因 素。
Translating English adjective clauses into Chinese subordinate (adverbial) clauses
1.They
tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country. 他们企图镇压反抗，但是（结果）反抗却越 来越激烈，并已遍及全国。(result)
Adjective
clauses which only have descriptive or supplementary functions for the nouns preceded, or very long adjective clauses, often follow, yet sometimes precede, the nouns they modify. These are translated in various ways, being separated from the main clauses.
Assignments
Comparison
of translated sentences (P191-
193) Specimen reading for comments “Kissinger” Oral assignment
3.
In a dispute between two states with which one is friendly, try not to get involved. 当两国发生争端时，如与两国皆友好，则应 尽量避免卷入。(condition) English clauses may look “adjectivelike”, they in fact imply adverbial meaning.
3.
Inversion of word order in translating attributives
laureate 桂冠诗人 Sum total 总数 The heir male 男继承人 Professor emeritus 荣誉退休教授 From time immemorial 自远古以来 God almighty 万能的上帝 The body politic 政治团体
Poet
1.
She had such a kindly, smiling, tender, gentle, generous heart of her own. 她心地厚道，为人乐观，性情温柔， 待人和 蔼，器量又大。 2. Then one can see the oval face of a handsome young woman with deep dark eyes and long heavy clinging tresses. 那时可以看出，她是个眉清目秀的少女，鹅 蛋形脸，两眼又深又黑，披着又长又密的头 发。
The
time has long passed when they sought comfort in the t were unrealistic and unworkable. 以前他们认为我们的经济计划是不切实际且 行不通的， 并以此聊以自慰，这样的岁月早 已经一去不复返了。
2.Peter,
who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiments, could not obtain satisfactory results, because he followed them mechanically. 虽然彼得在做实验之前从头到尾仔细阅读过 操作指南，但是由于他生搬硬套，所以得不 到满意的结果。(concession)
中小国家 (wider range→ narrower range) small and medium-sized countries (narrower range→ wider range) 4. 灾荒年或半灾荒年就不积累或少积累一点 Accumulate less or none in years when the crops half fail or totally fail 5 必须或应当这样做 must or should act like this
The
most thriving new agricultural areas in the world 世界上农业最兴旺的新地区 The first American to be awarded the Nobel Prize in recognition of his long non-violent struggle against racial discrimination 因长期同种族歧视做非暴力斗争而被授予诺 贝尔奖的第一位非洲人
Inversion of word order in phrase translation
Chinese:
wider range→ narrower range more important → less important stronger → weaker English: narrower range→ wider range less important→ more important weaker →stronger