《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷（一）一．在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。
1．翻译是跨（）、跨（）、跨（）的交际活动。
2．篇章的粘连分（）粘连和（）粘连两大类，粘连的目的是实现篇章的（）。
3．社会符号学的翻译标准是（）相符、（）相似。
4．格赖斯的（）原则和利奇的（）原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。
5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据，以符号学的意义观为核心。
语言符号具备三种意义，它们是（）意义、（）意义和（）意义。
6. 语言对比是研究语言在（）中产生的意义。
7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则：A．译文应完整地再现原文的（）。
B．译文的（）（）应与原文的性质相同。
C．译文应像原文一样（）。
8. 汉语语法呈（）性，英语语法呈（）性。
9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_____、_____、____。
10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用________和________这四个字来表示。
二．判断各例画线部分译文恰当如否。
如译文恰当，就在后面括号中打√；译文不恰当，就在后面括号中打×。
1．对外开放取得新近展。
1990年共批准“三资”企业99家，全省“三资”企业已达284家。
（）New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In 1990, the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures”, the total number of which reached 284.2．我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化需要的一代“四有新人”。
（）We must bring forth a new generation of well-educated and self-disciplined people with lofty ideals and moral integrity, such as are necessary for our socialist modernization drive.3．这次旅游可选择的地方有北京、上海或西安。
（）The places this tour can choose are Beijing, Shanghai and Xi‟an.4．不是所有的金属都具有同样好的导电性能。
（）All metals do not conduct electricity equally well.5．大会将于今年十二月在北京隆重开幕。
（）The meeting will begin the following December in Beijing ceremoniously.6. 在农村，特别是比较偏僻落后的农村，还残存着少数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。
（）In China‟s more remote and backward rural areas, corrupt practices exist in the form of forced marriage …7. 我给你打国际直拨就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多，一拨就通。
（）An international phone to you is as easy as a call to Sister Li downstairs.8. 我们的事业从胜利走向胜利。
（）We have won one victory after another for our cause9. 从这次讲座中，我们学到了许多美国历史方面的知识。
（）We studied much knowledge of American history from the lecture.10. 她觉得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。
（）She feels that she cannot stand her husband‟s insult any longer.三．译文比较。
下列各例均有两种译文。
把你认为较好的译文（A或B）填写在每例后的括号里。
如：明年将出版更多的书籍。
( B )A．Next year will publish a greater number of new books.B．A greater number of new books will be published next year.1．语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功不可。
( )A.The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort.nguage is something one cannot master it without painstaking effort. 2．老王说，他没着了。
( )A.Old Wang said he was at the end of his tether.B.Old Wang said he had no scheme at all.3．第二天早晨，她腋下挟着几本书回来了。
( )A.The next morning, she came back with some books under her arm.B.The next morning, she carried some books under her arm and came back.4．利用煤和石油可以制成各种各样的东西。
( )A. A use of coal and oil can produce all sorts of useful things.B.All sorts of useful things can be produced from coal and oil.5．新的一年才过了一个月，经济改革又出现了新的高潮。
( )A.The new year was barely one month old when it witnessed the latestflourish of the economic reform.B.The new year has passed just one month, the economic reform has reached anew climax.6. 但我的事现在搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。
( )A．But there has been too much publicity about my case.B．But now everybody in the city knows about my thing.7. 争取运动成绩与精神文明双丰收。
( )A．For better athletic records and sportsmanship.B．For a good harvest both in sports and morals.8. 他做实验时心不在焉，几乎引起化学药物爆炸。
( )A．He was absent-minded during the experiments, that nearly caused an explosion of the chemical.B．His absent-mindedness during the experiments nearly caused an explosion of the chemical.9. 长飞公司严格执行自上而下的一条线管理和自下而上的一条线汇报制度，确保了公司高效率快节奏的运转。
( )A．The strict management and report system have been carefully enforced, which ensures Changfei Corporation to run efficiently.B．Changfei Corporation has carefully enforced strict management and a report system, ensures it to run efficiently.10. 她抱怨名单上没有她的名字。
( )A．She complaint that the list did not have her name.B．She complaint about the omission of her name from the list.四．将下列英语句子译成汉语，汉语句子译成英语。
1．如果我们抓住并利用这些机会，武汉的工业将会有灿烂的明天。
2．这两个国家不是用战争，而是以和平友好的方式解决了争端。
3．农民的生活水平不断提高，大部分农民已解决了温饱问题，不少农民已过上小康生活。
4．我们一定要努力工作，不辜负全国人民和全世界人民对我们的期望。
5．以前人们认为原子是最小的元素，现在才知道原子还可以分为原子核(nuclei)与电子(electron)、中子(neutron)与质子(proton)。
6、无条件最惠国待遇(unconditional most-favored-nation treatment)的原则是中国寻求重新加入关贸总协定(GATT)的主要考虑之一。
五．翻译下列短文。
共50分。
（I see four kinds of pressure working on college students‟ today: economic pressure,parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It is easy to look around for villains—to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no villains, only victims.）“In the later 1960s,” one dean told me, “the typical question that I got from students was …Why is there so much suffering in the world?‟ or …How can I make a contribution?‟ Today it‟s …Do you think it would look better for getting into law school if I did a double major in history and political science, or just majored in one of them?‟ ”Note the emphasis on looking better. The transcript has become a sacred document, the passport to security. How one appears on paper is more important than how one appears in person. Today, looking very good is no longer good enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school.They know that entrance into the better schools will be an entrance into the better law forms and better medical practices where they will make a lot of money. They also know that the odds are harsh.The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. Long gone are the days when students journeyed through college with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of courses—music, art, philosophy, classics, anthropology, poetry, religion—that would send them out as liberally educated men and women. I don‟t know if they are getting As or Cs, and I don‟t care. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They can‟t.（括号内一段仅作背景内容，无须翻译）《翻译理论与技巧》模拟试卷（一）（答案及参考译文）一、在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。