硕士学位论文M.D.Thesis论白先勇小说中人物的精神困境Bai Xianyong in the spirit of the plight of people王芳Wang Fang摘要通观白先勇的小说，可以明显地觉察到一种浓郁的伤感气氛深隐其中。
他总是在讲述一个又一个悲惨的故事，构建了一个充满心灵痛苦的“悲惨世界”。
白先勇始终坚持把创作目光投向个体生命，尽管其小说视野随着作家经历的变化而变化，小说的创作技巧也在不断地向前探索，然而他的创作却存在一个不变的因子——“对人类心灵痛苦的执著书写”，这种文学信念上的坚持并没有造成其创作上的单调重复，反而构画了一幅幅丰富多彩的生命图景。
这种独特的书写方式背后，隐含着的是他对人的精神困境的困惑和无奈认知。
白先勇是自觉运用精神分析的方法进行创作的作家，其小说中经常出现对人物的性本能的描写，及对人物内心深处潜意识的深度挖掘。
笔者尝试从心理分析的角度探讨人物难以言说的痛苦，除绪论和结论，本论文共有三章：第一章，按照时间顺序梳理白先勇的小说创作。
将其创作历程分为两个阶段：赴美前与赴美后。
虽然其小说视野随着时间而不断变化发展，审美探索上也在更进一步，然而其创作存在一个不变的因子——“对人类心灵痛苦的执着书写”。
归纳出其小说中人物的三种精神困境：欲求之阻，丧失之痛，孤独之苦。
简述其表现，并探究其成因。
第二章，人物面对各自的精神困境所采取的逾越方式。
或努力抗争，或漠然放弃或走向另一个极端——毁灭他人与自我毁灭。
最终的结局都不免黯然。
第三章，人物逾越这些困境的失败结局，向我们昭示了人的需求与人类文明存在着不可调和的矛盾，人物的悲剧命运是必然的。
白先勇的小说，在对这一矛盾的深入骨髓的揭示之下，可以令人感到其潜在的主观态度，即深广的悲悯情怀，他正是将这种悲悯情怀毫不吝惜地注入到其作品中去，从而完成了对人物的精神困境的客观冷静而又宽容慈悲的关照。
关键词：白先勇人物形象精神困境逾越方式悲悯情怀AbstractThroughout Bai Xianyong's novel, can be clearly perceived a strong atmosphere of deep sadness hidden them. He always tells a sad story after another to construct a mind full of pain, "Les Miserables. " Bai Xianyong always adhere to the creative sights on individual lives, although the novel as the author experienced vision changes, novel writing skills are constantly move forward to explore, but his writing is that there is a constant factor - "persistent pain of the human heart to write, " adherence to the belief that literature did not cause the creation of monotonous repetition, but construction picture of the picture depicting colorful life. Behind this unique way of writing, implies that the plight of his people's spirit of cognitive confusion and frustration. Bai Xianyong is the conscious use of the creative spirit of the writer whose novel the characters appear several times in the description of the sexual instinct, and the people dig deep down the depth of the subconscious. The author attempts to explore the psychoanalytic point of unspeakable suffering people, except introduction and conclusion of this thesis discusses the part of the three chapters: The first chapter, in chronological order sort Bai Xianyong's novels. His creative process is divided into two phases: the United States before and after the United States. Although the vision of his novels constantly evolving over time, are further aesthetic exploration, however, there is a change of its creation factor - "persistent pain on the human mind to write. " Sum up the spirit of the three characters in the novel dilemma: desire of the resistance, the loss of the pain, the pain of loneliness. Briefly the performance and explore its causes.The second chapter, the characters have their own spiritual dilemma approach taken exceeded. Or to struggle, or indifferent to give up or go to the other extreme - the destruction of others and self-destruction. The final outcome is sadly inevitable.The third chapter, the characters go beyond the failure of the outcome of these difficulties, to teach us that human needs and human civilization irreconcilable contradictions, the characters of the tragic fate is inevitable. Bai Xianyong's novel, in the depth of this contradiction reveals the bone marrow under the impression that its potential can be subjective approach, that is a deeper compassion, he is this kind of compassion generously injected into the To work, thus completing the plight of the characters of the objective spirit of calm and tolerance, compassion and care. Keywords: Bai Xianyong;portrait; spiritual dilemmas; passover way; grief feelings目录独创性声明 (I)摘要............................................................................................................ I I ABSTRACT............................................................................................. I II 绪论. (1)第一章人物精神困境的表现及成因 (3)第一节欲求之阻 (4)第二节丧失之痛 (11)第三节孤独之苦 (15)第二章逾越精神困境的方式 (22)第一节抗争 (22)第二节放弃 (26)第三节毁灭 (31)第三章白先勇探索人物精神困境的意义 (35)第一节悲悯情怀的投射 (35)第二节对人类普遍精神困境的反思 (38)结语 (42)参考文献 (43)后记 (46)攻读学位期间发表的论文 (47)绪论白先勇，1937年生于广西南宁，1949年大陆解放后他随家人移居台湾，大学毕业后赴美学习创作，随后任美国加利福尼亚大学教授，教授中国语言文学。
白先勇是最早被介绍到大陆的当代台湾作家。
1979年，北京《当代》杂志创刊号刊登了白先勇的短篇小说《永远的尹雪艳》；1980-1982年，广西人民出版社和福建人民出版社分别出版了《白先勇短篇小说选》；1985年，中国友谊出版公司出版了《台北人》；1987年和1988年北方文艺出版社和人民文学出版社又分别出版了他的长篇小说《孽子》，而他自己谈创作历程的一些重要散文，也部分或全部地发表在一些刊物上，或收集在一些选本中。
对白先勇的研究与对他作品的介绍几乎是同步进行的。
1979年12月广州作品杂志上发表了一篇《答读者问——关于白先勇的小说<思旧赋>》。
文章仅对《思旧赋》这篇小说进行了创作背景介绍与简单的作品分析。
这无疑是大陆白先勇研究的一个起点。
从80年代开始，研究者对台湾文学的研究不再满足于作家及其作品的介绍和简单的分析上，一些深具学术性的白先勇研究论文相继出现。