2011年南京大学考博英语真题及详解
SECTION I STRUCTURE AND VOCABULARY(30%)
Part A（20%）
Direction:There are20incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D respectively.Choose the ONE that best complete the sentences.Then blacken your answer m the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
1.Freud derived psychoanalytic knowledge of childhood indirectly;he______
childhood processes from adult memory.
A.reconstructed
B.incorporate
C.released
D.imagined
【答案】A
【解析】句意：佛洛依德间接地推断出儿童时期的精神分析；他通过成年人回忆重现童年时期的经历。
reconstruct重建，重现。
incorporate包含，吸收。
release释放；发射。
imagine想象；猜想。
2.Some social critics took a dim view of the industrialism of the nineteenth century,
believing that it a harsh,crude life-style.
A.eradicated
B.facilitated
C.obstructed
D.fostered
【答案】A
【解析】句意：一些社会评论家对19世纪的工业革命不以为然，认为其消除了一种粗糙的原始的生活方式。
eradicate根除，灭绝。
facilitate促进；帮助。
obstruct妨碍，阻塞。
foster培养；养育。
3.The spellings of many Old English words have been______in the living language,
although their pronunciations have changed.
A.preserved
B.preempted
C.revised
D.improved
【答案】A
【解析】句意：很多古英语单词的拼写形式在现代英语中保留下来，但它们的发音已经改变。
preserve保存；保护。
preempt先占；先取。
revise修正；复习。
improve改善；提高。
4.The sheer diversity of tropical plants represents a seemingly______source of raw
materials,of which only a few have been utilized.
A.exploited
B.controversial
C.inexhaustible
D.remarkable
【答案】C
【解析】句意：热带植物的多样性看似意为着无穷尽的原材料，只有一少部分被开采利用。
inexhaustible无穷无尽的；用不完的。
exploit开发；开采。
controversial有争议的；有争论的。
remarkable卓越的；非凡的。
5.I am______to Mr.Morrison because of the kindness and concern that he showed
me when I first got here.
A.gratified
B.indebted
C.due
D.desirous
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我很感激莫里森先生因为我刚到这里时他对我很友好也很关心。
indebted 感激的；受惠的。
gratified称心的。
due到期的；应付的。
desirous渴望的；想要的。
6.The______feature in Ted's character was pride;he couldn't ever think of
depending on anyone but himself.
A.controlling
B.prevailing
C.predominant
D.primary
【答案】C
【解析】句意：特德的主要性格特征是自尊心强；他从来不曾想过依赖任何人。
predominant主要的；支配的。
controlling动词control的变形。
prevailing流行的；
一般的。
primary主要的；初级的。
7.If you______the principle of democratic government to your family you will run
into some obvious difficulties.
A.carry
B.track
C.manipulate
D.adapt
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果你将民主政府的原则带到家里，你会遇到一些显而易见的困难。
carry 携带；支持。
track追踪；通过。
manipulate操纵；操作。
adapt使适应；改编。
8.I'll go to the airport tomorrow morning to_____a good friend who leaves for
Australia.
A.see off
B.send off
C.turn off
D.say departure
【答案】A
【解析】句意：明天早上我去机场送别一个去往澳大利亚的好朋友。
see off送行，送别。
send off发送；派遣。
turn off关掉；关闭。
departure离开，出发。
9.Stanley was______by what I had said and when I realized this,I apologized to him
for being so tactless.
A.wounded
B.frustrated
C.resented
D.offended
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我说的话冒犯了斯坦利，当我意识到这一点时，我为自己的不够机智圆滑向他道歉。
offend冒犯。
wound使受伤。
frustrate挫败；阻挠。
resent怨恨；厌恶。
10.The manager promised to pay them well and in return he would expect their
loyalty and______.
A.execution
mitment
C.endurance
D.persistence
【答案】B
【解析】句意：经理承诺他们待遇丰厚，他期望员工们以忠诚和奉献作为回报。
commitment承诺，献身。
execution执行；完成。
endurance忍耐力；忍耐。
persistence 持续；固执。
11.She is trying to______him by phone as she has some very important news for
him
A.touch
B.reach
C.connect
D.attain
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她试图通过电话联系他，因为她有很重要的消息要告诉他。
reach与…
取得联系。
touch接触；触动。
connect连接；联合。
attain达到；获得。
12.Old beliefs die hard;even when jobs became______,the long-standing fear that
unemployment could return at a moment's notice persisted.
A.precious
B.pervasive
C.plentiful
D.persuasive
【答案】C。